This document discusses the convergence of social networks and semantic web technologies like FOAF, OpenID, and OAuth. It provides a brief history of semantic web projects and social networking sites. It then explains how standards like FOAF, OpenID, and OAuth allow for decentralized social applications and a unified social graph by describing identities, connections between people, and permissions for sharing data across sites. The document suggests the emerging social web will focus more on groups than individuals and leverage evidence-based friend lists identified by OpenID and described by FOAF across multiple sites using OAuth.

1. FOAF, OpenID &
the Social Web
Milan, May 12th 2008
danbri@asemantics.com
danbri@danbri.org

2. Convergence ’08:
1997
Social Networks
2000
[Semantic] Web
Identity
2004
“Web 2.0”
Portability
2008
... the Social Web

3. How did we get here?
Rise of the ‘social network’ site
Parallel rise of key ‘open’ technologies
2008 is the year it all opens up...
Brief history of the Semantic Web project
briefer history of Social Network sites
impact of OpenID and OAuth

4. In the beginning...
...was the Web

5. “To a computer, the Web is a flat, boring world, devoid of “For example, a document might describe a person.
meaning. This is a pity, as in fact documents on the Web The title document to a house describes a house and
describe real objects and imaginary concepts, and give also the ownership relation with a person.”
particular relationships between them.”
“Adding semantics to the Web involves two things: allowing
documents which have information in machine-readable
forms, and allowing links to be created with relationship
values. [this will] help us exploit the information to a greater
extent than our own reading.”
Tim Berners-Lee quot;W3 future directionsquot; keynote - 1st World Wide Web Conference Geneva, May 1994

6. Web pages
describe
the World
Each makes
‘claims’
They can
disagree
... Web pages reflect a (complex) world

7. The Semantic Web project:
‘let machines use the claims made in Web pages’
what objects do they describe?
what relationships do they claim?
who made the claims? what other claims support them?
Convergence ’08:
Who made the claims? (OpenID)
What about private data? (OAuth)
Better publishing in HTML? (Microformats/RDFa)
Querying all this data? (W3C SPARQL)

8. A is for...
F OA F M F H
P O S C
XM P P K A
F L E O L
V
S N N S
P S I OC
A D A
R D F OA U T H
Q O
L H C A R D M
C

9. Terms (vocab)
F OA F H
P S C
XM K A
F L O L
V
N S E
S I OC
A
T
O
HC A R D M
C

10. Infrastructure (neutral)
M F
O
XM P P
E
S N
P I
A D A
R D F OA U T H
Q O
L M

11. livejournal.com
VOX
Social Network services evolve...

12. Widgets/apps
code visits data
Open data
data visits code

13. FOAF is a project about sharing information in the Web.
It's about ways of describing things using computers,
so that those descriptions can be linked together,
mixed up with other data, and searched.
Friend of a Friend
People, groups, accounts, photos, IM, life on the Web.
Machine-readable pages, de-centralised, freely extensible.

14. Everyone’s connected? Don’t say it, show it:
...the evidence friendship leaves in the world and Web
Work. Fun. Beer. Travel. Writings. Events. Music. Photos. Life.
“Ordinary life is pretty complex stuff.”- Harvey Pekar

16. Image description example:
Not just buddylists, but the things we make and do.

17. Group description example:
Not just people, but the groups they are members of
my.opera.com
www.livejournal.com

18. Data-merging example:
Henry says, “My name is ‘Henry Story”
Joe says, “I know Henry who knows Jane”
Joe knows someone called “Henry Story”

19. FOAF support in Apple MacOSX Safari:

20. Tabulator, a FOAF-aware browser:

22. Scaling to the Web?

23. Oracle
“Oracle Spatial 11g introduces the industry's first open, scalable, secure and reliable RDF management
platform. Based on a graph data model, RDF triples are persisted, indexed and queried, similar to other
object-relational data types.
Application areas include Social Network Applications, Friend of a Friend applications, social network
tracking and navigation common in security and intelligence applications”
(competing with e.g. OpenLink and numerous opensource systems)

24. FOAF/XFN in Google Social Graph API:
'The Social Graph API makes information
about the public connections between
people on the web more easily available.'
Based on open standards ... Google “currently indexes the public Web for
XHTML Friends Network (XFN), Friend of a Friend (FOAF) markup and
other publicly declared connections. By supporting open Web standards for
describing connections between people, web sites can add to the social
infrastructure of the web.”

25. FOAF/RDFa in Yahoo search
Without a killer semantic web
app for consumers, site owners
have been reluctant to support
standards like RDF, or even
microformats. We believe that
app can be web search.
...we plan to support vocabulary
from Dublin Core, Creative
Commons, FOAF, GeoRSS,
MediaRSS, and others. ... we will
support RDFa and eRDF markup
to embed these into existing
HTML pages

26. Social Graph browser:

27. OpenID & OAuth
Wired: “Taken together, OpenID and
OAuth establish an open, reusable
means of turning the whole web into
your own personal social network.”
Sign-in with a URL
Identify buddies with URLs
Inter-site data permissioning system
Richer infrastructure for cross-site integration

28. What can we do today?
Migrate profiles between sites
Use OpenID to label source of claims
Use FOAF & Microformats to describe owner of OpenID
Use Google SG API to find old friends on new sites
Navigate unified ‘Social Graph’ with alternate UI

29. User experience impact?
OpenID is a learning experience...
Reduce email-based “add a friend” noise
Less work to enter and enjoy a new ‘social’ site
User education needed re privacy exposure
More focussed, specialist sites (travel, music, food, tv, events)

30. Greater than sum of parts?
OpenID gives Identity not Trust
FOAF/RDF gives claim-based description, not Trust
Linked data approach allows Trust to flow
If you are sure about ‘danbri.org’, and
danbri.org claims same owner as
danbri.livejournal.com, ... you have a basis
for believing claims from the latter.
(Google SGAPI does just this)

31. What can we expect tommorrow?
Focus moving from individuals to groups:
super-connectors will link sites
communities will spread across sites
Evidence-based friend lists: Identified by OpenID.
Described by FOAF/XFN.
people I send mail to
Shared with OAuth.
people I work with Syndicated with RSS/Atom.
members of my family Notified via XMPP.
Searched by Yahoo/Google/...?
people in my city
Data flow; implicit groups; offsite filtering

32. Questions?
OpenID: <http://danbri.org/>