Corporate social responsibility (CSR) refers to integrating social and environmental concerns into business operations and interactions with stakeholders. CSR helps companies balance economic, social, and environmental interests through a triple bottom line approach while meeting shareholder and stakeholder expectations. Key CSR issues include environmental management, labor standards, human rights, and anti-corruption measures. The concepts of CSR have roots in ancient Indian religious texts and were later emphasized in the works of scholars like Kautilya. Modern Indian companies demonstrate CSR through environmental conservation, community development, and other social welfare initiatives.