The document discusses the technological environment and how technology impacts business. It defines technology and technological environment. It describes different types of technologies including hard/soft technology and labor-intensive/capital-intensive technology. It discusses how the pace of technological changes can impact industries by making them obsolete, rejuvenating them, or creating new industries. It also discusses technological transfer, the impact of technology on business including positive and negative effects, and examples of technologies affecting Starbucks.

1. Technological Environment

2. Introduction
• Technology is the making, modification, usage, and knowledge of
tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems, methods of organization,
in order to solve a problem, improve a pre-existing solution to a
problem, achieve a goal or perform a specific function. It can also
refer to the collection of such tools, machinery, modifications,
arrangements, and procedures.
• Technological Environment means the development in the field of
technology which affects business by new inventions of productions
and other improvements in techniques to perform the business work.
• Those technological factors which impact the business operation are
called technological environment.

3. Types of Technology
• Technology can be classified in several ways. For example, blueprints,
machinery, equipment, and other capital goods are sometimes referred
to as hard technology, while soft technology includes management
know-how, finance, marketing, and administrative techniques. When a
relatively primitive (traditional) technology is used in the production
process, the technology is usually referred to as labor-intensive. A
highly advanced technology, on the other hand, is generally termed
capital-intensive.

4. The pace of Technological Changes
Technological changes influences organization in the following
ways:-
It can make existing industries obsolete.
It can rejuvenate (revitalize) the existing industries through
product improvement or cost reduction.
It can create entirely new industries.
It can increase government regulation.

5. Technological Transfer
Technology transfer implies technology imported from technologically
advanced foreign countries. Technology transfer can be through:
Globalization (MNCs)
Projects (Turnkey Projects:- ready for immediate use or operation)
Trade( sale of equipment by the manufacturer)
Training assistance (Bilateral and multilateral donors provide
technical assistance)

6. Impact of Technology in Business
Positive Effects
Productivity
Competitive advantage
Innovation
Increase in profit
Customer value
Negative Effects
Capital Burden: Huge investment
The threat of quick replacement
Increase in cost: regular maintenance
Need for skilled manpower.

7. Videos
• https://youtu.be/bV-4phC2rvU
• https://youtu.be/cXQrbxD9_Ng
• https://youtu.be/6JOhemCj5Cs
• https://youtu.be/sS-q7yxNMuM
• https://youtu.be/CgFzmE2fGXA

8. Technological Factors Affecting Starbucks
• The development and adoption of mobile technology presents many opportunities
for Starbucks. They have already teamed up with Apple to use their devices as a
platform for presenting ads/discounts.
• The growing desire for internet connectivity has given Starbucks an opportunity to
rebrand their coffeehouses and stand out from the competition by providing free
WiFi.
• Mobile payments are slowly being introduced, which might make a morning cup
of coffee more attractive to many customers (and in doing so increase their
potential market).

9. Innovative Technologies with Potential Impact for Business
• 5G networks:- Telecommunications companies began rolling out 5G networks this
year. 5G offers faster connectivity at lower latencies and lower power consumption.
That means mobile connectivity is faster than most wired broadband in the U.S. I
believe it will fuel innovation in the internet of things, smart homes, augmented reality,
virtual reality, health care, media, cloud services and more, which will create
tremendous business opportunities across many industries.
• More AI-enabled platforms for automated work:- The more AI-enabled solutions we
develop, the better we’ll be able to focus on our core work and leave busy work and
time-intensive rote tasks to the machines.
• 3D printing:- 3D printing is a catalyst in American manufacturing. One can start
making several small items like toys, logos, gift items and others using 3D printing in
their houses. 3D printing makes it easier to make a prototype and test it, instead of
spending several thousands of dollars to make a prototype.
• Wearable tech:- smartwatches, glasses or even smart clothes.

10. Latest Technology Trends of 2020
Artificial Intelligence Artificial intelligence (AI) is the technology used for equipping
computer systems with the ability to make decisions like
humans. Being one of the trending technologies, when AI
programs are fed to systems, the aim is to mimic human
intelligence for performing complex tasks such as pattern
recognition, speech recognition, weather forecast and medical
diagnosis. AI is used in navigation based applications like Uber,
voice assistants like Siri, video streaming services like Netflix,
IoT devices and in search engines like Google and Bing. AI
helps in automating tasks such as traffic, scheduling trains,
making business predictions and designing driverless cars!
By 2030, AI automation is expected to create more than 70
million jobs. The sad fact is that AI might wipe out more than 23
million jobs by the same time frame. AI will create jobs in areas
such as testing, support, maintenance, programming and data
science.

11. Data Science
Data Science is the technology that helps to make
sense of complicated data. You know that data is
produced in a humungous amount every day by
companies. This includes business data, sales data,
customer profile information, server data Most of this
data is in the form of huge data sets that are
unstructured. , and financial figures.
The role of data scientists is to convert these
unstructured data sets into structured datasets. Then,
these data sets can be analyzed to identify patterns and
trends. These patterns are useful for understanding the
company’s business performance, customer retention,
and how these areas can be improved.

12. Internet of Things The IoT (Internet of Things) is a network of devices
that are connected to each other. Their devices can
interact and share data with each other. These devices
may be connected via WiFi, and they share data about
their environments and how they are being used.
These devices have a computer chip that facilitates
this exchange.
It is predicted that more than 41 billion devices
powered by IoT will be used by 2025.
IoT not only enables the connection between different
devices but also their remote access. For example, you
lock doors of your car remotely, preheat your ovens
and geysers. The FitBit that you use for tracking the
number of calories you burn also runs on IoT
technology. IoT chips embedded on machines help
businesses to assess the performance of those
machines and assist in their maintenance.

13. Block Chain Technology
Blockchain is the foundational technology that powers
electronic currencies such as Cryptocurrencies. In simple
terms, a Blockchain is an electronic ledger that can be
shared among different users. This helps in creating a
record of transactions that cannot be altered. Each of
these records is time-stamped and linked to the previous
one.
So every time a new transaction is added to the ledger, it
is stored as another block in the chain of transactions –
hence the name. Blockchain is updated after the different
parties contributing to the ledger agree. After new data is
fed into a block, it cannot be erased. This makes
technology verifiable and secure.
This validation of transactions helps companies reduce
their costs as no third party has to be paid. The system is
very secure and there is no need for paying for
centralized entities, as the technology is decentralized.
Transactions are easier to track using Blockchain.

14. Robotic Process Automation (RPA)
• Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is a technology used for
automating daily tasks, similar to artificial intelligence. Here, the
software is used for automating repetitive tasks such as handling and
replying to emails, processing transactions, and handling business
data.
• This technology is used for automating tasks for low-level employees
to higher-ranking officials. RPA can automate more than 40% of daily
tasks. According to McKinsey, more than 60% of all repetitive tasks
can be partially automated using RPA. So, this technology is going to
threaten a lot of jobs.

15. Virtual Reality VR is the technology by which you can immerse yourself in an
environment that seems astonishingly realistic. It is the use
of computer technology for creating a simulated environment. It
is very popularly used for playing computer games. Unlike
traditional games where you experience the gaming
environment by viewing it on the screen, you are directly placed
in the environment!
Senses such as touch, hearing, smell, and vision are simulated in
these environments. Using VR gear such as headsets, you can
walk around and play the game in that 3D world. Augmented
Reality (AR) is the technology used for improving this virtual
environment.
The major players in this field are Facebook’s Oculus Rift,
Sony’s PlayStation VR (PSVR), and the HTC Vive.
The VR technology is not only used for entertainment, but it is
also used by the U.S. Navy and Coast Guard for training staff.
They use a VR game called Virtual Ship. AR and VR are used
by doctors while performing surgery. Visitors in an amusement
park or a museum can also use the technology to enhance their
experience.

16. Intelligent Apps
• Intelligent apps are software applications that make use of AI
components such as machine learning, deep learning, data analytics,
robotics, and natural language processing. They help you in making
decisions based on real-time data or historical data.
• Examples of Intelligent apps are voice assistants such as Siri, Google
Assistant, and Alexa. As companies such as Google, Apple, and Oracle
continue investing in these applications, it is bound to create a lot of
jobs in the future.