This document provides an overview of social movements. It defines social movements as group actions that empower oppressed populations to enact social or political change. The document then discusses the history and theories of social movements, including resource mobilization theory, political process theory, and deprivation theory. It also outlines different types of social movements such as reform, revolutionary, reactionary, resistance, and utopian movements. Examples of social movements from around the world are also presented. The document concludes by noting some advantages of social movements in bringing about beneficial social change.

1. Sociology
Presentation
Presented to:Miss Rabia Jameel
Presented by:Zahid and Namra

2. Topic:
Social Movement

3. .
Social Movement
A social movement is a type of group action. Social movements can be
defined as "organizational structures and strategies that may empower
oppressed populations to mount effective challenges .They are large,
sometimes informal, groupings of individuals or organizations which focus
on specific political or social issues. In other words, they carry out, resist, or
undo a social change.

4. .
History:
The early growth of social movements was connected to broad economic and political
changes in England in the mid-18th century.
Pakistan’s Social Movement Institute:
The institute was established in Hyderabad in March 2010 after several delibrations
in Umerkot ,Karachi and Sukkur that clubbed together social movements studies and
research.

5. .
By Sociologist:
Sociologist Charles Tilly defines social movements as a series of contentious
performances, displays and campaigns by which ordinary people make
collective claims on others.For Tilly, social movements are a major vehicle for
ordinary people's participation in public politics. He argues that there are
three major elements to a social movement.
Campaigns: Its all about claims.
Repository (repository of contention): Meetings,rallies and protests.
WUNC: displays public representation of worthiness, unity, numbers,
and commitments.

6. .
Features:
1.Its life is not certain. It may continue for a long period or may die out soon.
2.Its aim is to bring or resist a change in society.
3.It may be peaceful or violent.
4.It is an effort by a group.
.

7. .
Types:
There are different types of Social Movement and
all they reflect different aspects of socialism.
These types are as next

8. Reform
Movement
Revolutionar-
y Movement
Reactionary
Movement
Resistance
Movement
Utopian
Movement
Peasant
Movement

9. .
Reform Movement:
Reform movements are organized to carry out reforms in some specific
areas. These reformers change elements of the system for better. For
example: abolition of slavery, education reform, prison reform, women's
rights.
Revolutionary Movement:
The revolutionary movements is a specific type of social movement dedicated
to carrying out a revolution. Example: The Communist Revolution of
China(1946-1949).

10. .
Reactionary Movement:
Main goal is to reverse the current social trends.Return society to some
version of the past that is seen as “ideal” or “better”.
Resistance Movement:
These can be directed against social and cultural changes which are already
happening in the country.

11. .
Utopian Movement:
These are attempts to take the society or a section of it towards a state of
perfection. Either on a large scale at some time in the future or on a smaller
scale in the present.
Peasant Movement:
Peasant movement is defined by Kathleen Gough as an attempt of a group to
effect change in the face of resistance and the peasant are people who are
engaged in an agricultural

12. .
Theories:
1.Resource Mobilization Theory
2.Political Process Theory
3.Deprivation Theory

13. .
Deprivation Theory:
It argues that social movements have their foundations among people who
feel deprived of some goods or resources. According to this approach,
individuals who are lacking some goods, service, or comfort are more
likely to organize a social movement.

14. .
Resource Mobilization Theory:
This theory emphasizes the importance of resources in social movement
development and success. Resources are understood here to include:
knowledge, money, media, labor and internal and external support.
Political Process Theory:
Political process theory is similar to resource mobilization in many regards,
but tends to emphasize a different component of social structure that is
important for social movement .Political process theory argues that there are
three vital components for movement formation: insurgent consciousness,
organizational strength, and political opportunities.

15. .
Social Movements in the World
1.Lawyers Movement (2007)
2.Anjuman Talaba-e-Islam (2001)
3.Women’s right to vote
4.Animal Rights Movement

16. .
Advantages
1.Social movements offer patterns of change for betterment of human
condition, so that they have long been beneficial to human well-being
2.Social Movement is a effective way to feel free to express their
ideas,thoughts.
3. Social movements play such an important role in bringing
about social change in political, religious, educational, health, corporate,
government, and other institutional arenas.

17. Thank You
For watching.