The document discusses the social aspects of health and illness. It addresses common questions people have when they feel ill, like why they are sick and what can be done. It also discusses consulting others for advice or care, as well as common risk factors for chronic diseases like smoking, poor diet, stress, and more. The document then covers how cultural beliefs can influence explanations for behaviors and health patterns. Overall, it examines how social life and society can impact health outcomes.
Health is a multifactorial
The factors which determine the health of an individual are many, some are inside the body ( genetic/ intrinsic) and some are outside the body ( environmental factors)
The interaction of these factors may either promote or deteriorate the health.
The important determinants of health are,
The course imparts the basic concepts and understanding in Sociological and Anthropological subject matter, theories, concepts, trends and cultural systems. The course aims to impart the basic concepts and the knowledge in medical sociology/anthropology, socialization in health, culture and health, provider consumer relationships in public health, indigenous health care system and alternative health care practices.
Health is a multifactorial
The factors which determine the health of an individual are many, some are inside the body ( genetic/ intrinsic) and some are outside the body ( environmental factors)
The interaction of these factors may either promote or deteriorate the health.
The important determinants of health are,
The course imparts the basic concepts and understanding in Sociological and Anthropological subject matter, theories, concepts, trends and cultural systems. The course aims to impart the basic concepts and the knowledge in medical sociology/anthropology, socialization in health, culture and health, provider consumer relationships in public health, indigenous health care system and alternative health care practices.
In this presentation you will get the knowledge about changing concepts of health.
the changing concepts of health has been categorised as follows:
1.Biomedical concept
2.Ecological concept
3.Psychological concept
4.Holistic concept
Indicator is a variable which gives an indication of a given situation or a reflection of that situation.
Health Indicator is a variable, susceptible to direct measurement, that reflects the state of health of persons in a community.
Indicators help to measure the extent to which the objectives and targets of a programme are being attained.
Urban health - issues and challenges.
Kindly note that this presentation focusses more specifically on the Indian scenario even though the concepts are applicable everywhere
Definition of health, determinants of health, the galenic concept of health, modern health concepts, biological, ecological, psychological & holistic concept, lastly question-answer session.
Topic Included -
Introduction
Definition
Nature and Scope of Sociology
Medical Sociology
Importance and application of Sociology in Nursing
Short and Easy to understand notes for B.Sc. Nursing students. Important questions are also included.
In this presentation you will get the knowledge about changing concepts of health.
the changing concepts of health has been categorised as follows:
1.Biomedical concept
2.Ecological concept
3.Psychological concept
4.Holistic concept
Indicator is a variable which gives an indication of a given situation or a reflection of that situation.
Health Indicator is a variable, susceptible to direct measurement, that reflects the state of health of persons in a community.
Indicators help to measure the extent to which the objectives and targets of a programme are being attained.
Urban health - issues and challenges.
Kindly note that this presentation focusses more specifically on the Indian scenario even though the concepts are applicable everywhere
Definition of health, determinants of health, the galenic concept of health, modern health concepts, biological, ecological, psychological & holistic concept, lastly question-answer session.
Topic Included -
Introduction
Definition
Nature and Scope of Sociology
Medical Sociology
Importance and application of Sociology in Nursing
Short and Easy to understand notes for B.Sc. Nursing students. Important questions are also included.
CHAPTER CONTENTSCultural Differences in the Definition of Health.docxchristinemaritza
CHAPTER CONTENTS
Cultural Differences in the Definition of Health
Comparison Across Cultures
Comparison Within Cultures
Three Indicators of Health World Wide
Life Expectancy
Infant Mortality
Subjective Well-Being
Genetic Influences on Physical Health and Disease
Psychosocial Influences on Physical Health and Disease
Social Isolation and Mortality
Sociocultural Influences on Physical Health and Disease
Cultural Dimensions and Diseases
Cultural Discrepancies and Physical Health
Culture, Body Shape, and Eating Disorders
Culture and Obesity
Culture and Suicide
Acculturation and the Immigrant Paradox
Summary
Differences in Health Care and Medical Delivery Systems
A Model of Cultural Influences on Physical Health: Putting It All Together
Exploration and Discovery
Why Does This Matter to Me?
Suggestions for Further Exploration
Glossary
One major role of psychology is to improve the lives of the people we touch. Whether through research, service, or provision of primary or secondary health care, we look forward to the day when we can adequately prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases, and foster positive states of being in balance with others and the environment. This is not an easy task; a multitude of forces influences our health and the development of diseases.
As we strive to meet this challenge, the important role of culture in contributing to the maintenance of health and the etiology and treatment of disease has become increasingly clear. Although our goals of maintaining health and preventing and treating diseases may be the same across cultures, cultures vary in their perceptions of illness and their definitions of what is considered healthy and what is considered a disease. From anthropological and sociological perspectives, disease refers to a “malfunctioning or maladaptation of biologic and psychophysiologic processes in the individual” and illness refers to the “personal, interpersonal, and cultural reactions to disease or discomfort” (Kleinman, Eisenberg, & Good, 2006; p. 141). Thus, how we view health, disease, and illness, is strongly shaped by culture.
This chapter explores how cultural factors sway physical health and disease processes, and investigates our attempts to treat both psychological and sociological influences. We begin with an examination of cultural differences in the definition of health and present three indicators of health worldwide: life expectancy, infant mortality, and subjective well-being. We will then review the considerable amount of research concerning the relationship between culture and heart disease, other physical disease processes, eating disorders, obesity, and suicide. Next, we will explore differences in health care systems across countries. Finally, we will summarize the research in the form of a model of cultural influences on health.
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN THE DEFINITION OF HEALTH
Comparison Across Cultures
Before we look at how culture influences health and disease processes, we need to examine ex ...
One major role of psychology is to improve the lives of the people.docxcherishwinsland
One major role of psychology is to improve the lives of the people we touch. Whether through research, service, or provision of primary or secondary health care, we look forward to the day when we can adequately prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases, and foster positive states of being in balance with others and the environment. This is not an easy task; a multitude of forces influences our health and the development of diseases.
As we strive to meet this challenge, the important role of culture in contributing to the maintenance of health and the etiology and treatment of disease has become increasingly clear. Although our goals of maintaining health and preventing and treating diseases may be the same across cultures, cultures vary in their perceptions of illness and their definitions of what is considered healthy and what is considered a disease. From anthropological and sociological perspectives, disease refers to a “malfunctioning or maladaptation of biologic and psychophysiologic processes in the individual” and illness refers to the “personal, interpersonal, and cultural reactions to disease or discomfort” (Kleinman, Eisenberg, & Good, 2006; p. 141). Thus, how we view health, disease, and illness, is strongly shaped by culture.
This chapter explores how cultural factors sway physical health and disease processes, and investigates our attempts to treat both psychological and sociological influences. We begin with an examination of cultural differences in the definition of health and present three indicators of health worldwide: life expectancy, infant mortality, and subjective well-being. We will then review the considerable amount of research concerning the relationship between culture and heart disease, other physical disease processes, eating disorders, obesity, and suicide. Next, we will explore differences in health care systems across countries. Finally, we will summarize the research in the form of a model of cultural influences on health.
CULTURAL DIFFERENCES IN THE DEFINITION OF HEALTH
Comparison Across Cultures
Before we look at how culture influences health and disease processes, we need to examine exactly what we mean by health. More than 60 years ago, the World Health Organization (WHO) developed a definition at the International Health Conference, at which 61 countries were represented. They defined health as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity.” The WHO definition goes on further to say that “The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health is one of the fundamental rights of every human being, without distinction of race, religion, political beliefs or economic and social conditions” (World Health Organization, 1948). This definition of health is still used by the WHO today.
In the United States, our views of health have been heavily influenced by what many call the biomedical model of health and disease (Kleinman et al., 2006). Trad.
health is a state of physical , mental, social, moral and spiritual well-being of a person but not just the absence of disease. The slides explain the basic concept of health and illness, continuum and the factors affecting health.
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
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The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
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TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
1. Social Aspects of HealthSocial Aspects of Health
and Illnessand Illness
ByBy
Dr.Abdelaziz M. Elfaki ,PhDDr.Abdelaziz M. Elfaki ,PhD
2. Why and What of IllnessWhy and What of Illness
QuestionsQuestions
why am I sickwhy am I sick??
what could it bewhat could it be??
what can be donewhat can be done??
??what can I do myselfwhat can I do myself
3. Why and What of IllnessWhy and What of Illness
What people do when they feel illWhat people do when they feel ill??
CConsulting with lay peopleonsulting with lay people;;
UUndertaking non-medical self-care (includingndertaking non-medical self-care (including
lifestyle changes and 'home remedieslifestyle changes and 'home remedies'(;'(;
UUndertaking medical self-care (including selfndertaking medical self-care (including self
medicationmedication(;(;
SSeeking professional careeeking professional care..
4. Common Risk FactorsCommon Risk Factors
Major risk factors for chronic diseasesMajor risk factors for chronic diseases::
––SmokingSmoking
––Poor diet (lot sat. fats/sugar, few fruit/veg/fibrePoor diet (lot sat. fats/sugar, few fruit/veg/fibre((
––Stress and low controlStress and low control
––High alcohol consumptionHigh alcohol consumption
––Poor hygienePoor hygiene
––InjuriesInjuries
––Sedentary lifestyleSedentary lifestyle
5. Cultural BeliefsCultural Beliefs
Behind many client problems are a few coreBehind many client problems are a few core
beliefs and a few key attitudes ,many of thembeliefs and a few key attitudes ,many of them
originate from the cultures that clients grow uporiginate from the cultures that clients grow up
in, that cause most of the damagein, that cause most of the damage..
6. Cultural BeliefsCultural Beliefs
When clients search for an explanations forWhen clients search for an explanations for
their own or other's behaviours they usuallytheir own or other's behaviours they usually
choose the cultural attribution firstchoose the cultural attribution first..
7. The Sociology of Health andThe Sociology of Health and
IllnessIllness
TheThe Sociology of Health and IllnessSociology of Health and Illness
examinesexamines
the interaction between society and healththe interaction between society and health..
to see how social life has an impact onto see how social life has an impact on
morbidity and mortality rate, and vice versamorbidity and mortality rate, and vice versa..
8. The Sociology of Health andThe Sociology of Health and
IllnessIllness
Sociologists have demonstrated that the spreadSociologists have demonstrated that the spread
of diseases is heavily influenced by theof diseases is heavily influenced by the
socioeconomic status of individuals, ethnicsocioeconomic status of individuals, ethnic
traditions or beliefs, and other cultural factorstraditions or beliefs, and other cultural factors..
9. The Sociology of Health andThe Sociology of Health and
IllnessIllness
There are obvious differences in patterns ofThere are obvious differences in patterns of
health and illness across societies, over time,health and illness across societies, over time,
and within particular society types. There hasand within particular society types. There has
historically been a long-term decline inhistorically been a long-term decline in
mortality within industrialized societies, andmortality within industrialized societies, and
on average, life-expectancies are considerablyon average, life-expectancies are considerably
higher in developed, rather than developing orhigher in developed, rather than developing or
undeveloped, societiesundeveloped, societies..
10. Basic social factors and oralBasic social factors and oral
healthhealth
Well documented that vulnerable groups haveWell documented that vulnerable groups have
less access to dental services, worse oralless access to dental services, worse oral
health, and bear a disproportionate burden ofhealth, and bear a disproportionate burden of
oral diseasesoral diseases..
11. Basic social factors and oralBasic social factors and oral
healthhealth
““A silent epidemic of oral diseases is affectingA silent epidemic of oral diseases is affecting
our most vulnerable citizens—poor childrenour most vulnerable citizens—poor children,,
the elderly, and many members of racial andthe elderly, and many members of racial and
ethnic minority groupsethnic minority groups””
Source: Surgeon General Report, 2000Source: Surgeon General Report, 2000
(U.S.A(U.S.A((
12. Social Aspects of HealthSocial Aspects of Health
SocioSocio ––economic status and healtheconomic status and health::
Individuals in the lower socio-economicIndividuals in the lower socio-economic
groups report more stressors than those ingroups report more stressors than those in
higher and that these stressors are frequentlyhigher and that these stressors are frequently
linked directly to their material conditionslinked directly to their material conditions..
13. Social Aspects of HealthSocial Aspects of Health
The less well off have less control over theirThe less well off have less control over their
environment and fewer personnel resources toenvironment and fewer personnel resources to
moderate the impact of such stressors than themoderate the impact of such stressors than the
better offbetter off..
14. Social Aspects of HealthSocial Aspects of Health
Social isolation and healthSocial isolation and health::
There is substantial evidence hat both menThere is substantial evidence hat both men
and women who have small number of socialand women who have small number of social
contacts are more likely to die earlier thancontacts are more likely to die earlier than
those who have more extended networksthose who have more extended networks..
15. Social Aspects of HealthSocial Aspects of Health
Gender and HealthGender and Health::
Women ,on average ,live longer than men doWomen ,on average ,live longer than men do..
The most obvious explanations for theseThe most obvious explanations for these
differences are biological .Oestrogen ,fordifferences are biological .Oestrogen ,for
example ,delay the onset of CHD by reducingexample ,delay the onset of CHD by reducing
the clotting tendency and blood cholesterolthe clotting tendency and blood cholesterol
levelslevels
16. Social Aspects of HealthSocial Aspects of Health
Minority status healthMinority status health::
There is strong association between ethnicity andThere is strong association between ethnicity and
health statushealth status..
some of variations in health outcome may besome of variations in health outcome may be
explained by differences in behavior across ethnicexplained by differences in behavior across ethnic
groupgroup..
Ethnicity may also confer different sexual norms andEthnicity may also confer different sexual norms and
behaviors that may impact on healthbehaviors that may impact on health..
17. Social Aspects of HealthSocial Aspects of Health
The most common exposure route for HIVThe most common exposure route for HIV
infection among white is through sexualinfection among white is through sexual
intercourse between men , Black throughintercourse between men , Black through
heterosexual , whilst for Asians it is mixed ofheterosexual , whilst for Asians it is mixed of
bothboth..
18. Social Aspects of HealthSocial Aspects of Health
Ethnic minorities experience wider sources ofEthnic minorities experience wider sources of
stress than whites as consequences ofstress than whites as consequences of
discrimination and racial harassment and thediscrimination and racial harassment and the
demand of maintaining or shifting culturedemand of maintaining or shifting culture..
They may also experience more problems inThey may also experience more problems in
gaining access to health servicegaining access to health service..
19. Social Aspects of HealthSocial Aspects of Health
Work condition and healthWork condition and health::
The demand of the job ,the latitude the workerThe demand of the job ,the latitude the worker
has in dealing with these demands, andhas in dealing with these demands, and
the support available to themthe support available to them..
20.
THE EFFECTS OF RELIGIOUS
PRACTICES: A FOCUS ON HEALTH
MortalityAnxiety and panicSpiritual
experiences
Meditation
Baroreflex
sensitivity
HappinessForgivenessPrayer
All-cause mortalityAnxietyReligious copingAttendance"
CortisolOptimismSpiritual
experiences
Forgiveness
21. Religious & Mental & PhysicalReligious & Mental & Physical
HealthHealth
Heart Disease and ReligionHeart Disease and Religion::
CAD vary across different religious groupCAD vary across different religious group..
Diet ,health behavior ,and quality of social andDiet ,health behavior ,and quality of social and
family life probably account for much of thisfamily life probably account for much of this
differencedifference..
22. Religious & Mental & PhysicalReligious & Mental & Physical
HealthHealth
Hypertension and ReligionHypertension and Religion::
There is mounting evidence that involvementThere is mounting evidence that involvement
in organized religion can provide individualsin organized religion can provide individuals
with greater social support, enhancedwith greater social support, enhanced
self -esteem ,and reduce the negative effects ofself -esteem ,and reduce the negative effects of
stress on blood pressurestress on blood pressure..
23. Religious & Mental & PhysicalReligious & Mental & Physical
HealthHealth
Religious & MortalityReligious & Mortality::
Frequent religious attendance is associatedFrequent religious attendance is associated
with a substantial reduction in the risk of dyingwith a substantial reduction in the risk of dying
within a 5- to 28-years follow up periodwithin a 5- to 28-years follow up period..
24. Religious & Mental & PhysicalReligious & Mental & Physical
HealthHealth
Religious & Health behaviorReligious & Health behavior::
Religious people are less likely to engage inReligious people are less likely to engage in
unhealthy behaviors such as ;cigaretteunhealthy behaviors such as ;cigarette
smoking, alcohol and drug abuse, premaritalsmoking, alcohol and drug abuse, premarital
Sex extramarital affairs, or risk takingSex extramarital affairs, or risk taking
behaviorsbehaviors..
25. Religious & Mental & PhysicalReligious & Mental & Physical
HealthHealth
Religious & depressionReligious & depression::
People that are frequently evolved in religiousPeople that are frequently evolved in religious
community and who highly esteemed theircommunity and who highly esteemed their
religious faith for intrinsic reasons, may runreligious faith for intrinsic reasons, may run
less risk of becoming depressedless risk of becoming depressed..
26. Religious & Mental & PhysicalReligious & Mental & Physical
HealthHealth
Religious & marital stabilityReligious & marital stability::
Couples that have enjoyed satisfying longCouples that have enjoyed satisfying long
term marriages often cite religion as a keyterm marriages often cite religion as a key
factor to their successfactor to their success..
27. Religious & Mental & PhysicalReligious & Mental & Physical
HealthHealth
Religious and Personality traitsReligious and Personality traits::
There is a robust ,positive associationThere is a robust ,positive association
betweenbetween
high levels of religious or spiritualhigh levels of religious or spiritual
involvement and low levels of hostility andinvolvement and low levels of hostility and
high level of hopehigh level of hope..
28. Religious & Mental & PhysicalReligious & Mental & Physical
HealthHealth
Some religious problem-solving styles maySome religious problem-solving styles may
allow religious people to maintain an internalallow religious people to maintain an internal
locus of control while believing that GOD islocus of control while believing that GOD is
also in control. This combination may helpalso in control. This combination may help
religious people maintain health and recoverreligious people maintain health and recover
more quickly from life stressmore quickly from life stress..