This document discusses the relationship between arts, media, sports, and popular culture. It defines art as manifestations of human creativity that take different forms across cultures. While art is separate from everyday life in Western cultures, it is integrated in non-Western societies. The document also examines how media is a major tool in creating and spreading popular culture globally through formats like television and sports broadcasting. It analyzes why the US and Brazil have differing Olympic medal counts, attributing the gap to differences in social mobility, stratification, and how each nation promotes and rewards athletic achievement.
Paul Long Royal Geographical Society 2014 presentationPhil Jones
Whose Culture, Whose Creative City. A paper given by Paul Long of the AHRC-funded Cultural Intermediation project at the Royal Geographical Society annual conference in August 2014.
It also explains about what is popular culture, themes of popular culture and also it explains about how it affect the individual - gender discrimination with more self explanatory images
Paul Long Royal Geographical Society 2014 presentationPhil Jones
Whose Culture, Whose Creative City. A paper given by Paul Long of the AHRC-funded Cultural Intermediation project at the Royal Geographical Society annual conference in August 2014.
It also explains about what is popular culture, themes of popular culture and also it explains about how it affect the individual - gender discrimination with more self explanatory images
Culture Jonathan R. Wynn, University of MaOllieShoresna
Culture
Jonathan R. Wynn, University of
Massachusetts Amherst
Culture (Fall 2021)
Page 2
Culture
J O N A T H A N R . W Y N N , U N I V E R S I T Y O F M A S S A C H U S E T T S A M H E R S T
WHAT IS CULTURE?
Material culture vs. symbolic culture
High culture vs. popular culture
Culture as values vs. culture as a way of life
CULTURE IS A CYCLE
The romantic image of an artist
How is culture produced?
Consuming culture
Subcultures
HOW CULTURE WORKS
How culture creates inequalities
How culture creates groups and boundaries
THE CULTURE JAM
Culture jam as a mix
Culture jam as a problem
Culture jam as a solution
Culture (Fall 2021)
Page 3
INTRODUCTION
How does music help us understand the complexity of culture?
You close your eyes and feel the music. Your head bobs up and down. You see the
color of the lights through your eyelids.
Are you close to the stage, with bodies and sweat pressed to your shoulders, or do you
hang back? Do you feel a connection with the surrounding strangers? With the band? What
kind of music is it? Do the lyrics reflect your experiences or do they transport you into another
perspective? Where are you? A packed underground club? A stadium? Or a library cubicle,
listening on Beats headphones?
Music is a powerful force in our lives. It is also a multibillion-dollar industry, with
organizational and technological changes that shape how music is made and experienced.
Music is just one kind of culture, shaping our views of the world, connecting people near and
far.
What kind of music is this crowd listening to? (Source)
https://pixabay.com/en/audience-band-celebration-concert-1867754
Culture (Fall 2021)
Page 4
We humans produce far more than what we need for mere survival. Our intellect allows
for expansive creativity, self-reflection, and communication. We transform our living
environment. We share ideas and values. Culture, broadly, is everything we make and
consume—including our ideas, attitudes, traditions, and practices—beyond that bare
necessity. Music may very well be one of the earliest forms of culture humanity produced.
“Culture” is one of the most difficult words for a sociologist to use. Sociological research
on culture varies, but most sociologists are committed to the idea that the symbolic and
expressive aspects to social life—the beliefs and values we hold, as well as the practices and
activities we engage in—are worth examination. Thinking in this way, burritos and Beyoncé,
athleisure and college athletics, juggalos (fans of the band Insane Clown Posse) and graffiti all
uncover great sociological questions.
Opening this chapter with a few questions about how you experience music illustrates
how we can think about culture from a sociological perspective. Émile Durkheim allows us to
think about how much of social life works via culture: he notes that symbols (material or
...
Culture Jonathan R. Wynn, University of MassacOllieShoresna
Culture
Jonathan R. Wynn, University of Massachusetts
Amherst
Culture
Page 2
Culture
J O N A T H A N R . W Y N N , U N I V E R S I T Y O F M A S S A C H U S E T T S
A M H E R S T
WHAT IS CULTURE?
M aterial cu ltu re v s. sy m b olic cu ltu re
H igh cu ltu re v s. p op u lar cu ltu re
C u ltu re as v alu es vs. cu ltu re as a way of life
CULTURE IS A CYCLE
The rom antic im a ge of an a rtist
H ow is cu ltu re p rod u ced ?
C on su m in g c u ltu re
Su b cu ltu res
HOW CULTURE WORKS
H ow cu ltu re creates in eq u alities
H ow cu ltu re creates g rou p s an d b ou n d aries
THE CULTURE JAM
C u ltu re jam as a m ix
C u ltu re jam as a problem
C u ltu re jam as a solu tion
Culture
Page 3
INTRODUCTION
£ How does music help us understand the complexity of culture?
You close your eyes and feel the music. Your head bobs up and down. You see the color of the lights
through your eyelids.
Are you close to the stage, with bodies and sweat pressed to your shoulders, or do you hang back? Do
you feel a connection with the strangers around you? With the band? What kind of music is it? Do the lyrics
reflect your experiences or do they transport you into another perspective? Where are you? A packed
underground club? A stadium? Or a library cubicle, listening on Beats headphones?
Music is a powerful force in our lives. It is also a multibillion-dollar industry, with organizational and
technological changes that shape how music is made and experienced. Music is just one kind of culture,
shaping our views of the world, connecting people near and far.
What kind of music is this crowd listening to? (Source)
We humans produce far more than what we need for mere survival. Our intellect allows for
expansive creativity, self-reflection, and communication. We transform our living environment. We share
Culture
Page 4
ideas and values. Culture, broadly, is everything we make and consume—including our ideas, attitudes,
traditions, and practices—beyond that bare necessity. Music may very well be one of the earliest forms of
culture humanity produced.
“Culture” is one of the most difficult words for a sociologist to use. Sociological research on culture
varies, but most work is committed to the idea that the symbolic and expressive aspects to social life—the
beliefs and values we hold, as well as the practices and activities we engage in—are worth examination.
Thinking in this way, burritos and Beyoncé, athleisure and college athletics, juggalos and graffiti all uncover
great sociological questions.
Opening this chapter with a few questions about how you experience music illustrates how we can
begin to think about culture from a sociological perspective. Émile Durkheim allows us to think about how
much of social life works via culture: he notes that symbols (material or immaterial objects that groups affix
meaning to), deployed thr ...
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Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
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http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
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2. WHAT IS ART?
The arts include music, performance arts, visual arts and
storytelling and literature.
These are manifestations of human creativity and
sometimes they are called expressive culture.
Every culture may have different understanding of ‘art’.
Dictionary definition: ‘The quality, production, expression
or realm of what is beautiful or of more than ordinary
significance; the class of objects subject to aesthetic
criteria.
4. ART
Western culture tends to differentiate art as something
apart from everyday life and ordinary culture.
On the other hand, in non-western societies the
production and appreciation of art are part of everyday life,
as popular culture is in our society.
Sometimes Western museums feature non-Western art as
‘fine arts’, as it is a separate field from its living
sociocultural context but actually the items of non-western
art have been created in daily life of these societies.
5. ART AND RELIGION
Many of the high points of Western art and music had religious
inspiration or were done in the service of religion.
The buildings of churches, cathedrals, mosques or temples may
be works of art themselves with the paintings on the walls and
architectural structure. ( for example: Vatican city, Ayasofya
mosque)
In non-western societies, art and religion are often mix.
In state form societies, like Western countries, art and religion
had been seperated and have different institutions governed by
the state.
6. How do we differentiate art?
It may be sourced from religion.
Its aesthetic value may be one way of distinguishing it,
but not necessarily.
Its placement is deterministic.
The boundary between what is art and what is not is
blurred.
In state societies, there are critics, judges and experts
who tell us what is art and what is not. But even they
always conflict about art pieces.
7. ART
Art is always in society since stone age.
Appreciation of arts depends on cultural
background.
Appreciation for the arts must be learned. It is part
of enculturation and also formal education.
People learn to listen to certain kinds of music and
to appreciate particular art forms.
8. MEDIA
Today’s popular culture features cultural forms that have
appeared and spread rapidly because of major changes in the
material conditions of contemporary life – particularly work
organization, transportation and communication, including media.
Sports, movies, TV shows, amusement parks and fast-food
restaurants have become popular elements of popular culture.
They provide a framework of common expectations, experiences
and behavior overriding differences in region, class, religion,
political sentiments, gender and ethnic group.
Media agents are the most effective tools of creating popular
culture.
9. MEDIA
People use media for all sorts of reasons; to get information, to
validate beliefs, to find messages not reachable in their daily
life, to make social comparisons, to relieve frustrations, to chart
social courses and to formulate life plans.
Popular culture can be used to express discontent and
resistance by groups that are feel powerless or oppressed.
Media provides social base, as families or friends watch favorite
programs or attend such events as games and performances
together.
Media also provides common ground for larger group, nationally
and internationally.
10. MEDIA
The common information and knowledge that people
acquire through exposure to the same media illustrate
culture in the sociological sense.
11. SPORTS
Much of what we know about sports comes from the media.
Football is the most popular sports game globally appreciated.
The popularity of football depends directly on the mass media,
especially television.
Football features teamwork based on specialization and
division of labor, which are pervasive features of contemporary
life.
Football actually is a miniaturized and simplified version of
modern organizations.
12. SPORTS
Why do certain nations pile up dozens of Olympic medals
while others win only a few or none at all?
Cultural values, social forces and the media influence
international sports success.
Through visual demonstration, commentary and
explanation of rules and training, the media can heighten
interest in all kinds of sports.
13. SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON
OLYMPİCS SUCCESS OFTWO NATIONS-
USA & BRAZIL
Two similar nations in terms of size and ethnical diversity.
Same willingness to win Olympics.
In the 2008 Olympics, USA won 110 medals, Brazil won 15
medals.
Why is that difference huge?
14. SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON
OLYMPİCS SUCCESS OFTWO NATIONS-
USA & BRAZIL
America uses media agents more spread to effect society for sports and
has many national contests in sports.
Brazilian TV has much less sports coverage and no national contests.
America rewards not only winners but any hardworking athlete.
Brazilian society never rewards second winners but only the first.
Athletes are so stressed for loosing so that effects them negatively.
In USA, social classes are less marked, opportunities for achievement are
more numerous, poverty is less pervasive and individual social mobility is
easier.
Brazilian society is more stratified, has a much smaller middle class. A
third of the population is elite group and winning is like a priority given to
elite group members.
