Latihan soal

1. During the UN Climate Summit COP27 in Egypt, Slovenia presented an innovative solution
for organising events and offer upgraded presentation to companies and Institutions within
an advanced technological metaverse platform MetaCOP27. MetaCOP27 was launched at
the side event at COP27, organized by non-governmental organization IAAI Glocha,
accredited by UFCCC, together with Austrian Climate Coalition, Technology park Ljubljana,
Slovenian green, creative and smart companies, and in cooperation with the Office of Prime
Minister of the Republic of Slovenia, Ministry of Economic Development and Technology
and SPIRIT, business development agency. Slovenia was presented as climate conscious,
technologically advanced, green and innovative country
For the first time in the history of COP Conferences, a superb Slovenian technological
solution was launched: MetaCOP27, virtual pavilion – platform, which in the form of digital
presentation enables efficient and augmented presentations of the companies and
organizations, the interaction of individuals in the real time, creation of business
communities in a distributed manner of operation, and therefore adding values within their
value chains on the global level. MetaCOP27 is a solution, which is a result of Slovenian
knowledge and was developed by the partnership between Technology park Ljubljana and
companies Reeba and Distriverse.
Uros Brezan, Minister of the Environment and Spatial Planning of the Republic of Slovenia,
in his introductory speech congratulated companies who created MetaCOP innovative
solution in digital and real world for better management of climate crisis and better solutions
for climate change adaptation. He stated that the Government from Slovenia will show all
the support to the companies on their path of smart mobility, material efficiency and
advanced digital technologies.
As a green country with lots of natural resources and biodiversity, Slovenia is very much
aware that climate changes represent one of the largest threats challenging mankind today,
and therefore the protection of the planet is one of the key priorities of Slovenian
government. Matevz Frangez, State Secretary at the Ministry of Economic Development
and Technology in Slovenia emphasized, that we are facing this moment, but also in the
previous years and the years which will follow, interconnection with major changes in the
field of climate: the fundamental belief that we cannot prolong our way of living, our way of
cooperating, satisfying the needs of our economies and the humankind as a whole in the
way as we did before
Organization of the events in the Metaverse efficiently reduces carbon footprint, therefore
we are very proud to announce that this side event was for the first time in the history of
COP to be held in the Metaverse, Slovenian innovative project, which now enables
organization to participate in events with basically no environmental footprint.
Questions

2. 1. He stated that the government from slovenia will show all the support to the companies on their
path of smart mobility, material efficiency and advanced digital technologies (p.3).
The word “he” refers to…
A. Minister of Environment and Spatial Planning
B. Uros Brezan
C. Meta Cop
D. Matevz Frangez
E. State Secretary
2. The sentence “Organization of the events in the Metaverse efficiently reduces carbon footprint,
therefore we are very proud to announce that this side event was for the first time in the history
of COP to be held in the Metaverse.” In paragraph 5 can be best restated as…
A. Organization of the events in the Metaverse significantly increases carbon footprint,
therefore we are very proud to announce that this side event was for the first time in the
history of COP to be held in the Metaverse
B. Organization of the events in the Metaverse effectively improves carbon footprint,
therefore we are very proud to to announce that this side event was for the first time in the
history of COP to be held in the Metaverse
C. Organization of the events in the Metaverse efficiently decreases carbon footprint,
therefore we are very proud to to announce that this side event was for the first time in the
history of COP to be held in the Metaverse
D. Organization of the events in the Metaverse efficiently promotes carbon footprint,
therefore we are very proud to to announce that this side event was for the first time in the
history of COP to be held in the Metaverse
E. Organization of the events in the Metaverse efficiently strengthen carbon footprint,
therefore we are very proud to to announce that this side event was for the first time in the
history of COP to be held in the Metaverse
Thomas Matulessy, also known as Kapitan Pattimura or Ahmad Lussy or simply
Pattimura, was an Ambonese soldier and National Hero of Indonesia.
Born on the island of Saparua, Pattimura joined the British army after they took the
Maluku islands from the Dutch colonials. When the islands were returned to the Dutch in
1816, he was dismissed. Concerned that the Dutch would implement programs that limited
his people, Pattimura led an armed rebellion that captured Fort Duurstede on 16 May 1817.
Killing the inhabitants of the fortress and fighting off Dutch reinforcements, on 29 May he was
declared the leader of the Maluku people. Due to betrayal from Bool’s king, Pati Akoon, and
Tuanakotta, Pattimura was arrested on 11 November 1817.
Pattimura has become a symbol of both Maluku and Indonesian independence,
praised by President Sukarno and declared a national hero by President Suharto. He has
several namesakes both in the capital of Maluku, Ambon, and in the rest of the Indonesian
archipelag.

3. 3. The word they in the 2nd
paragraph refers to..
A. Parents
B. British Army
C. Dutch colonials
D. Islands
E. Inhabitants
4. The best restatement from “Due to betrayal from Bool’s king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta,
Pattimura was arrested on 11 November 1817.” is….
A. Pattimura was capture on 11 November 1817 for King of Bool, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta
disagred with him
B. On 11 November 1817, King of Bool cooperated with the Ducth to execute Pattimura and
the other combatants
C. Bool’s king, Pati Akoon, and Tuanakotta arrested Pattimura on 11 November 1817 because
he betrayed the Dutch
D. The Dutc, with the help of King of Bool and his colleagues, managed to find Pattimura on 11
November 1817
E. King of bool together with pati Akoon and Tuanakotta sold Pattimura out and made him
captured on 11 November 1817.
Most people would agree with the definition of good health as being a state where you are
free from sickness. Despite this, there are many different opinions about how a person can
actually have good health. People used to only think of their health when they were sick. But
these days more and more people are taking measures to make sure that they do not get sick
in the first place. In this article I will describe a few of the most common things that you can
do to stay healthy.
One of the best things you can do for your body is exercise. But how much is enough? Not
everyone agrees on exactly how much people should exercise each day. Some people think
that doing simple things like cleaning the house are helpful. Other people do heavy exercise
everyday such as running or swimming. One thing experts do agree on is that any kind of
exercise is good for you.
Along with exercise, having a healthy diet can help promote good health. Foods like
vegetables and fruits should be eaten several times each day. It is also important to eat foods
high in fiber such as beans, grains, fruit and vegetables. Fiber helps your body to digest the
food you eat. It also helps your body in other ways such as decreasing the chance of getting
some cancers, heart disease and diabetes. Avoiding foods with a lot of sugar, salt and fat is
a good idea.
In today’s modem world, we all have some level of stress in our lives. Different things cause

4. stress for different people. Money problems, work and relationships with other people can
all cause stress. Instead of trying to remove stress, people need to be aware of what causes
them and find ways to reduce the impact that stress has on their lives. There are several ways
to fight against stress in your life. Exercise and sports are a great way to reduce stress. Other
activities like Tai Chi, yoga or taking a walk also help reduce stress. Changing the way you
think can also reduce stress. Try living for now, and do not worry about the future
1. What topic does the paragraph following the passage most likely discuss?
(A) how to educate people about stress
(B) kinds of sports to reduce stress
(C) eating healthy foods to avoid stress
(D) how peaceful mind helps relieve stress
(E) different types and levels of stress
The explanation shows that life condition is becoming more and more uncondusive for good
-quality life. Therefore, today more people than ever are looking for ways to improve their
health, increase energy, reduce stress, restore or enhance functionality, relieve aches and pains,
balance emotions, and sharpen mental focus. Because of the demands of modern life, most
people want those ways to be relatively simple and not time consuming. If you still have not
found something to fit your needs, you may want to consider Chinese healing exercises.
Chinese healing exercises make up a branch of Chinese medicine. It is almost never taught as
a separate system of healing. Rather, it is used in many practices you probably recognize. Some
are part of the oldest of Chinese medical practices, including acupressure and tuina, a type of
Chinese massage therapy. Others have their origins in ancient self-healing or spiritual
practices, such as Chinese forms of yoga and meditation. They are routinely taught together
with more detailed and complex practices, such as taiji (t’ai chi) qigong (chi gung), and other ad-
vanced medical, spiritual, or martial practices.
They are intended to prepare a student for those more demanding disciplines. They are also
conducted as adjunctive exercises that can make some aspects of the main practices easier to
perform. Some sources are less well known in the west, like medical qigong and paidagong.
They are tapping and patting techniques used to break up qi blockages. Qi is life force. and is
responsible for all healthy functionality, animation, vitality, emotional balance, and mental
clarity. Chinese exercises have a unique positive impact on all those qualities. Chinese healing
exercises can amplify the benefits from taiji or qigong if you already have such a practice. In that
context, they will open targeted areas of physical or energetic restriction, deepen your
sensitivity to qi sensations, and increase qi flow. They root you more securely, thereby
improving your overall performance.
1. What topic does the paragraph preceding the passage most likely discuss?
(A) good-quality life
(B) health improvements
(C) sharpening mental condition
(D) ways to increase body energy
(E) adverse life condition

5. TRY OUT SNBT LITERASI BAHASA INGGRIS 5
Text 1
Perhaps one of the most dramatic and important changes that took place in the Mesozoic era
occurred late in that era, among the small organisms that populate the uppermost, sunlit
portion of the oceans--the plankton. The term "plankton" is a broad one, designating all of the
small plants and animals that float about or weakly propel themselves through the sea. In the
late stages of the Mesozoic era. During the Cretaceous period, there was a great expansion of
plankton that precipitated skeletons or shells composed of two types of mineral: silica and
calcium carbonate. This development radically changed the types of sediments that
accumulated on the seafloor, because, while the organic parts of the plankton decayed after
the organisms died, their mineralized skeletons often survived and sank to the bottom. For the
first time in the Earth's long history, very large quantities of silica skeletons, which would
eventually harden into rock, began to pile up in parts of the deep sea. Thick deposits of
calcareous ooze made up of the tin remains of the calcium carbonate-secreting plankton also
accumulated as never before. The famous white chalk cliffs of Dover, in the southeast of
England, are just one example of the huge quantities of such material amassed during the
Cretaceous period; there are many more. Just why the calcareous plankton were so prolific
during the latter part of the Cretaceous period is not fully understood. Such massive amounts
of chalky sediments have never since been deposited over a comparable period of time. The
high biological productivity of the Cretaceous oceans also led to ideal conditions for oil
accumulation. Oil is formed when organic material trapped in sediments is slowly buried and
subjected to increased temperatures and pressures, transforming it into petroleum. Sediments
rich in organic material accumulated along the margins of the Tethys Seaway, the tropical
east-west ocean that formed when Earth's single landmass (known as Pangaea) split apart
during the Mesozoic era. Many of today's important oil fields are found in those sediments--
in Russia, the Middle East, the Gulf of Mexico, and in the states of Texas and Louisiana in
the United States.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) How sediments were built up in oceans during the Cretaceous period
(B) How petroleum was formed in the Mesozoic era
(C) The impact of changes in oceanic animal and plant life in the Mesozoic era
(D) The differences between plankton found in the present era and Cretaceous plankton
(E) A brief description about the spread of plankton
2. According to the passage, the most dramatic change to the oceans caused by plankton
during the Cretaceous period concerned
(A) the depth of the water
(B) the makeup of the sediment on the ocean floor
(C) the decrease in petroleum-producing sediment
(D) a decline in the quantity of calcareous ooze on the seafloor
(E) the diminishment of calcium carbonate-secreting plankton
3. The "white chalk cliffs of Dover" are mentioned in the passage to
(A) show where the plankton sediment first began
(B) provide an example of a plankton buildup that
(C) indicate the largest single plankton buildup on Earth

6. (D) emphasize the earliest type of plankton on Earth
(E) provide an example of the buildup of plankton sediment
4. The word "accumulated" in the passage is closest in meaning to
(A) depended
(B) matured
(C) dissolved
(D) collected
(E) disappeared
Text 2
Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in essence
of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck, covered with a
fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of design,
shape, and decoration is no accident: the proportions of the instrument are determined almost
entirely by acoustical considerations. Its simplicity of appearance is deceptive. About 70 parts
are involved in the construction of a violin. Its tone and its outstanding range of
expressiveness make it an ideal solo instrument. No less important. however, is its role as an
orchestral and chamber instrument. In combination with the larger and deepersounding
members of the same family, the violins form the nucleus of the modern symphony orchestra.
The violin has been in existence since about 1550. Its importance as an instrument in its own
right dates from the early 1600's, when it first became standard in Italian opera orchestras. Its
stature as an orchestral instrument was raised further when in 1626 Louis XIII of France
established at his court the orchestra known as Les vinq-quatre violons du Roy (The King's 24
Violins), which was to become widely famous later in the century.
In its early history, the violin had a dull and rather quiet tone resulting from the fact that the
strings were thick and were attached to the body of the instrument very loosely. During the
eighteenth and nineteenth century, exciting technical changes were inspired by such
composer-violinists as Vivaldi and Tartini. Their instrumental compositions demanded a
fuller, clearer, and more brilliant tone that was produced by using thinner strings and a far
higher string tension. Small changes had to be made to the violin's internal structure and to
the fingerboard so that they could withstand the extra strain. Accordingly ,a higher standard
of performance was achieved, in terms of both facility and interpretation. Left-hand technique
was considerably elaborated, and new fingering patterns on the fingerboard were developed
for very high notes.
5. "The King’s 24 Violins" is mentioned in paragraph 2 to illustrate
(A) the competition in the 1600's between French and Italian orchestras
(B) the superiority of French violins
(C) the unpopularity violin at that time
(D) why the violin was considered the only instrument suitable to be played by royalty
(E) how the violin became a renowned instrument
6. The word "they" in the third paragraph refers to
(A) Vivaldi and Tartini

7. (B) thinner strings and a higher string tension
(C) small changes
(D) internal structure and fingerboard
(E) instrumental compositions
7. What is the main idea presented in paragraph 3?
A. The violin is probably the best known and most widely distributed musical instrument in
the world.
(B) The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the eighteenth
century.
(C) The technique of playing the violin has remained essentially the same since the 1600's.
(D) The best components used in violin
(E) The violin has been modified to fit its evolving musical functions.
8. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as contributing to the ability to play
modern violin music EXCEPT
(A) more complicated techniques for the left hand
(B) different ways to use the fingers to play very high notes
(C) use of rare wood for the fingerboard and neck
(D) minor alterations to the structure of the instrument
(E) the violins form the nucleus of the modern symphony orchestra
Text 3
Tulips are Old World, rather than New World, plants, with the origins of the species lying in
Central Asia. They became an integral part of the gardens of the Ottoman Empire from the
sixteenth century onward, and, soon after, part of European life as well. Holland, in
particular, became famous for its cultivation of the flower.
A tenuous line marked the advance of the tulip to the New World, where it was unknown in
the wild. The first Dutch colonies in North America had been established in New Netherlands
by the Dutch West India Company in 1624, and one individual who settled in New
Amsterdam (today's Manhattan section of New York City) in 1642 described the flowers that
bravely colonized the settlers' gardens. They were the same flowers seen in Dutch still-life
paintings of the time: crown imperials, roses, carnations, and of course tulips. They flourished
in Pennsylvania too, where in 1698 William Penn received a report of John Tateham's "Great
and Stately Palace," its garden full of tulips. By 1760, Boston newspapers were advertising
50 different kinds of mixed tulip "roots." But the length of the journey between Europe and
North America created many difficulties. Thomas Hancock, an English settler, wrote
thanking his plant supplier for a gift of some tulip bulbs from England, but his letter the
following year grumbled that they were all dead.
Tulips arrived in Holland, Michigan, with a later wave of early nineteenth-century Dutch
immigrants who quickly colonized the plains of Michigan. Together with many other Dutch
settlements, such as the one at Pella. In Iowa, they established a regular demand for European
plants. The demand was bravely met by a new kind of tulip entrepreneur, the traveling
salesperson. One Dutchman, Hendrick van de Schoot, spent six months in 1849 traveling

8. through the United States taking orders for tulip bulbs. While tulip bulbs were traveling from
Europe to the United States to satisfy the nostalgic longings of homesick English and Dutch
settlers, North American plants were traveling in the opposite direction. In England, the
enthusiasm for American plants was one reason why tulips dropped out of fashion in the
gardens of the rich and famous.
9. Which of the following questions does the passage mainly answer?
(A) What is the difference between an Old World and a New World plant?
(B) Why are tulips grown in many different parts of the world?
(C) How did tulips become popular in North America?
(D) Where were the first Dutch colonies in North America located?
(E) How to cultivate tulips in a tropical country?
10. The word "grumbled" in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to
(A) denied
(B) warned
(C) complained
(D) explained
(E) approved
11. The passage mentions which of the following as a problem associated with the
importation of tulips into North America?
(A) They were no longer fashionable by the time they arrived.
(B) They often failed to survive the journey.
(C) Orders often took six months or longer to fill.
(D) Settlers knew little about how to cultivate them.
(E) Tulips become an auspicious flower of all
Text 4
Pheromones are substances that serve as chemical signals between members of the same
species. They are secreted to the outside of the body and cause other individuals of the
species to have specific reactions. Pheromones, which are sometimes called "social
hormones," affect a group of individuals somewhat like hormones do an individual animal.
Pheromones are the predominant medium of communication among insects (but rarely the
sole method). Some species have simple pheromone systems and produce only a few
pheromones, but others produce many with various functions. Pheromone systems are the
most complex in some of the so-called social insects, insects that live in organized groups.
Chemical communication differs from that by sight or sound in several ways. Transmission is
relatively slow (the chemical signals are usually airborne), but the signal can be persistent,
depending upon the volatility of the chemical, and is sometimes effective over a very long
range. Localization of the signal is generally poorer than localization of a sound or visual
stimulus and is usually affected by the animal's moving upwind in response to the stimulus.
The ability to modulate a chemical signal is limited, compared with communication by visual
or acoustic means, but some pheromones may convey different meanings and consequently
result in different behavioral or physiological responses, depending on their concentration or
when presented in combination. The modulation of chemical signals occurs via the

9. elaboration of the number of exocrine glands that produce pheromones. Some species, such
as ants, seem to be very articulate creatures, but their medium of communication is difficult
for humans to study and appreciate because of our own olfactory, insensitivity and the
technological difficulties in detecting and analyzing these pheromones.
Pheromones play numerous roles in the activities of insects. They may act as alarm
substances, play a role in individual and group recognition, serve as attractants between
sexes, mediate the formation of aggregations, identify foraging trails, and be involved in caste
determination. For example, pheromones involved in caste determination include the "queen
substance" produced by queen honey bees. Aphids, which are particularly vulnerable to
predators because of their gregarious habits and sedentary nature, secrete an alarm
pheromone when attacked that causes nearby aphids to respond by moving away.
12. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) How insects use pheromones to communicate
(B) How pheromones are produced by insects
(C) Why analyzing insect pheromones is difficult
(D) The problems of pheromones for animals body health
(E) The different uses of pheromones among various insect species
13. The purpose of the second mention of "hormones" in the first paragraph to point out
(A) chemical signals that are common among insects
(B) specific responses of various species to chemical signals
(C) similarities between two chemical substances
(D) how insects produce different chemical substances
(E) the importance of chemical components for living things
14. According to paragraph 2, which of the following has made the study of pheromones
difficult?
(A) Pheromones cannot be easily reproduced in chemical laboratories.
(B) Existing technology cannot fully explore the properties of pheromones.
(C) Pheromones are highly volatile.
(D) Pheromone signals are constantly changing.
(E) Lack of detailed information about the Pheromones
15. The word "sedentary" in the third paragraph is closest in meaning to
(A) inefficient
(B) unchangeable
(C) unbalanced
(D) mobile
(E) inactive
Text 5
Long before they can actually speak, babies pay special attention to the speech they hear
around them. Within the first month of their lives, babies' responses to the sound of the

10. human voice will be different from their responses to other sorts of auditory stimuli. They
will stop crying when they hear a person talking, but not if they hear a bell or the sound of a
rattle. At first, the sounds that an infant notices might be only those words that receive the
heaviest emphasis and that often occur at the ends of utterances. By the time they are six or
seven weeks old, babies can detect the difference between syllables pronounced with rising
and falling inflections. Very soon, these differences in adult stress and intonation can
influence babies' emotional states and behavior. Long before they develop actual language
comprehension, babies can sense when an adult is playful or angry, attempting to initiate or
terminate new behavior, and so on, merely on the basis of cues such as the rate, volume, and
melody of adult speech.
Adults make it as easy as they can for babies to pick up a language by exaggerating such
cues. One researcher observed babies and their mothers in six diverse cultures and found that,
in all six languages, the mothers used simplified syntax, short utterances and nonsense
sounds, and transformed certain sounds into baby talk. Other investigators have noted that
when mothers talk to babies who are only a few months old, they exaggerate the pitch,
loudness, and intensity of their words. They also exaggerate their facial expressions, hold
vowels longer, and emphasize certain words.
More significant for language development than their response to general intonation is
observation that tiny babies can make relatively fine distinctions between speech sounds.
other words, babies enter the world with the ability to make precisely those perceptual
discriminations that are necessary if they are to acquire aural language. Babies obviously
derive pleasure from sound input, too: even as young as nine months they will listen to songs
or stories, although the words themselves are beyond their understanding. For babies,
language is a sensory-motor delight rather than the route to prosaic meaning that it often is
for adults.
16. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) How babies differentiate between the sound of the human voice and other sounds
(B) The differences between a baby's and an adult's ability to comprehend language
(C) The response of babies to sounds other than the human voice
(D) The description about how baby struggle to acquire language
(E) How babies perceive and respond to the human voice in their earliest stages of language
development
17. Why does the author mention a bell and a rattle in the first paragraph?
(A) To contrast the reactions of babies to human and nonhuman sounds
(B) To give examples of sounds that will cause a baby to cry
(C) To explain how babies distinguish between different nonhuman sounds
(D) To give examples of typical toys that babies do not like
(E) To show the responsiveness of the prepubcents toward the toys
18. Which of the following can be inferred about the findings described in paragraph 2?
(A) Babies who are exposed to more than one language can speak earlier than babies exposed
to a single language.
(B) Mothers from different cultures speak to their babies in similar ways.

11. (C) Babies ignore facial expressions in comprehending aural language.
(D) The mothers observed by the researchers were consciously teaching their babies to speak.
(E) Contrasting how mothers and babies avoid the language features intentionally.
19. What point does the author make to illustrate that babies are born with the ability to
acquire language?
(A) Babies begin to understand words in songs.
(B) Babies exaggerate their own sounds and expressions.
(C) Babies are more sensitive to sounds than are adults.
(D) Babies notice even minor differences between speech sounds.
(E) Babies have strong ability to distinguish the various languages.
20. Why does the author mention syllables pronounced with rising and falling inflections in
the first paragraph?
(A) To demonstrate how difficult it is for babies to interpret emotions
(B) To provide an example of ways adults speak to babies
(C) To give a reason for babies' difficulty in distinguishing one adult from another
(D) To inform the readers that babies and adults have known the languages differences
(E) To illustrate that a six-week-old baby can already distinguish some language differences