Smoking has significant negative effects on the respiratory system, including increasing the risks of cancer, bronchitis, emphysema, and smokers' cough. Cigarettes contain nicotine, which is addictive, and tar that can cause cancer. Smoking also paralyzes the cilia in the lungs, preventing them from effectively cleaning the airways, and can lead to breakdown of lung tissue. Long-term smoking statistically shortens lifespans and is responsible for many annual deaths from smoking-related diseases like cancer, heart disease, and bronchitis.