This document describes a proposed solar smart irrigation system for Indian farmers. The system uses solar power to run water pumps, and automatically controls water flow to fields using moisture sensors. This conserves both electricity by reducing grid usage, and water by preventing overwatering. It introduces the system components, reviews energy usage in Indian agriculture currently, and describes the research conducted to improve solar panel efficiency. Test results showed lower operating costs and maintenance compared to normal systems.

1. SOLAR SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM
 MINISTRY CATEGORY: GOVERNMENT OF UTTRAKHAND
 PROBLEM STATEMENT:SOLAR POWER SMART IRRIGATION SYSTEM
 PROBLEM CODE:MK98
 PROBLEM CATEGORY: BOTH
 THEME: AGRICULTURE & RURAL DEVELOPMENT

2. ABSTRACT
• Cost effective solar power can be the
answer for all our energy needs. Solar
powered smart irrigation systems are the
answer to the Indian farmer. This system
consists of solar powered water pump
along with an automatic water flow control
using a moisture sensor. It is the proposed
solution for the present energy crisis for the
Indian farmers. This system conserves
electricity by reducing the usage of grid
power and conserves water by reducing
water losses.

3. FLOW OF PRESENTATION
• Abstract
• Introduction of Smart system
• Literature Review
• Research & Work
• Results
• Conclusion

4. M i c r o C o n t r o l l e r
P o w e r s u p p l y
C r y s t a l
O s c i l l a t o r
R e s e t
W a t e r T a n k
W a t e r l e v e l
s e n s i n g U n i t
S o l a r P u m p
( M o t o r )
R e l a y
S o i l m o i s t u r e
INTRODUCTION OF SYSTEM
Block
Diagram Of
Smart Irrigation
System

5. • Automatic irrigation system using solar power which drives
water pumps to pump water from bore well to a tank and the
outlet valve of tank is automatically regulated using controller
and moisture sensor to control the flow rate of water from the
tank to the irrigation field which optimizes the use of water.
• A valve is controlled using intelligent algorithm in which it
regulates the flow of water into the field depending upon the
moisture requirement of the land. In this system we use a soil
moisture sensor that detects the amount of moisture present
in the soil and depending upon the requirement of level of
moisture content required for the crop the water flow is
regulated thus, conserving the water by avoiding over
flooding of crops.

6. LITERATURE REVIEW
Energy Use in India For Irrigation
• According to the survey conducted by the
Bureau of Electrical Energy in India in 2011 there
are around 18 million agricultural pump sets and
around 0.5 million new connections per year is
installed with average capacity 5HP.
• Total annual consumption in agriculture sector is
131.96 billion KWh (19% of total electricity
consumption).
• So solar powered smart irrigation technique is
the future for the farmers and a solution for
energy crisis.

7. RESEARCH AND WORK

8. Improve Efficiency of solar panel
• An organic solar cell or plastic(Polymer Based) solar cell is a type of
polymer solar cell that uses organic electronics.
• For photovoltaic devices to compete with fossil fuels for energy
collection, they must convert sunlight to energy at a very efficient
level. Solar cell conversion depends on excitons, which are electron
pairs that are energized by sunlight. These excitons must get to the
interface of the donor and acceptor domains as quickly as possible
to avoid losing energy as heat.
• The efficiency of polymer-based organic photovoltaic cells depends
on the purity of the donor and acceptor domains. So by finding out
how pure and large the acceptor domain is and what the interface
of the donor domain looks like, efficiency can be increased.

9. Result Compare to Normal system
• 1. Low operating cost: One of the important advantages is the
negligible operating cost of the pump. No fuel required
• 2.Low maintenance: A well-designed solar system requires
little maintenance beyond cleaning of the panels once a week.
• 3.Harmonious with nature: Another important advantage is
that it gives maximum water output when it is most needed
i.e. in hot and dry months. Slow solar pumping allows us to
utilize low-yield water sources .
• 4.Flexibility: The panels need not be right beside the well.
They can be anywhere up to 20 meters

10. limitations
• 1. Low yield: Solar pumping is not suitable where the
requirement is very high.
• 2.Variable yield: The water yield of the solar pump changes
according to the sunlight. It is highest around noon and least
in the early morning and evening. This variability should be
taken into consideration while planning the irrigation.
• 3.Water quality: As with any other pump, solar pumps work
best if the water is clean, devoid of sand or mud. However, if
the water is not so clean, it is advisable to clean the well
before installation or use a good filter at the end of the
immersed pipe.
• 4.Theft: Theft of solar panels can be a problem in some areas.
So the farmers need to take necessary precautions. Ideally, the
solar system should insured against theft as well as natural
hazards like lightning.

11. Conclusion
• By implementing the proposed system there are various benefits for
the government and the farmers. For the government a solution for
energy crisis is proposed. By using the automatic irrigation system it
optimizes the usage of water by reducing wastage and reduce the
human intervention for farmers.
• To further enhance the daily pumping rates tracking arrays can be
implemented. This system demonstrates the feasibility and
application of using solar PV to provide energy for the pumping
requirements for sprinkler irrigation. Even though there is a high
capital investment required for this system to be implemented, the
overall benefits are high and in long run this system is economical.