This document summarizes a student project on developing a solar power based automatic irrigation system using an Arduino. The system aims to minimize water wastage in agriculture by automatically irrigating crops based on soil moisture sensor readings. It uses a microcontroller, soil moisture sensor, relay switches, water pump, solar panel, battery, charge controller and inverter. The system measures soil moisture levels and turns the pump on or off to irrigate crops when the moisture level drops below a set threshold. It is powered by the solar panel but can also draw power from the grid through a relay switch if solar power is unavailable. The project aims to provide a low-cost and efficient irrigation solution to help farmers and reduce dependence on non-

1. UNDERTHEGUIDENCE
OF
DR.MD.SHAKAWAT ZAMAN SARKER
Associate professor
Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering
Uttara University
PRESENTEDBY
 Md. Ataur Rahman Arif ID: M-21532411022
 Md. Mehedi Hassan ID: M-21532411016
 Milon Patowari ID: M-21532411011
20th (Regular)
Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Uttara University
20th (Regular)
20th (Regular)
Solar Power Based Automatic Irrigation
System Using Arduino
A
Presentation
on

2. Outline
 Introduction
Objective
Literature Review
Methodology
Result
Advantages & limitation
 Conclusion & Future scope
 References
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3. Introduction
Agriculture is the backbone of Bangladeshis economy.
It is one of the major occupations for many people in
Bangladesh. Out of 2/3rd water found on the Earth,
only 3.5% is fresh water that can be put into use in any
day-to-day activities. About 55% of this available
freshwater is used in agriculture and 10-30% of this
percentage gets wasted on a regular basis due to many
reasons. Over the years different means of irrigation has
evolved to minimize this wastage of water in
agricultural lands. However, one of the major problems
that still remains, leading to wastage of water, is the
lack of proper knowledge of the farmers about the soil
moisture content, and hence the requirement of the
amount of water in the agricultural soil. [2] Moreover,
due to lack of irrigation the crop to be very low, it's
happen to the load shading. it can be reduced used solar
power system. The global irrigation scenario is
categorized based on increased demand for higher
agricultural productivity and decrease the availability of
water and power.
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4. With the advent of open source Arduino boards
along with cheap moisture sensors system, it is
viable to create devices that can monitor the
soil moisture content and accordingly irrigating
and removes the excess water from the fields or
the landscape as an when needed. The proposed
system makes use of microcontroller
ATMEGA328 on Arduino Uno platform and
solar power system which enable farmers to
remotely monitor the status of sprinklers
installed on the farm by knowing the sensor
values thereby, making the farmers.
Introduction
4

5. Objective
To measure field temperature periodically by
deploying sensor nodes
To make use of solar power which could be
generated even in remote areas.
To study About Microcontroller and Arduino
uno.
To decide the need to provide irrigation to the
crops based on soil moisture data
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6. 6
Literature Review
Year Research Paper Title Author
2013 Android based Solar Powered Automatic Irrigation
System
Ashutosh Gupta
Varun Krishna
Amity University, Noida, India
2014 Automatic Monitoring and Controlling of Irrigation
System Using Wireless Sensor Networks and GSM
J.Krishna chaitanya
Y.nanda kishore
Vardhaman college of Engineering
Hyderabad, India
2012 Automated Irrigation System Using Solar Power Jia Uddin
S.M. Taslim Reza
International Islamic University
Chittagong
2018 Wireless solar Powered Automatic Drip Irrigation
System
N. Pughazendi
M. Muthukumaravel
Panimalar Engineering College,
Chennai, INDIA
2017 Smart Automated Drip Irrigation System Vinaya Kumar S R
Sachin Prabhu
SMVITM Bantakal Udupi, India

7. Block Diagram:
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Methodology

8. 8
 Arduino Uno:
Microcontroller with development kit (ATmega328p), It is used to process signal and interface
load and controller devices.
Equipment:
Methodology
Arduino Uno
 Solar Panel :
It is used for get renewable energy (12v,10w).
Solar Panel
 Charge controller :
It is used for charging battery from solar panel.
Charge controller

9. 9
 Inverter:
It is used for convert DC to AC
Methodology
Equipment:
Inverter DPDT & SPDT relay :
It is an electro-mechanical switch. It uses electro-
magnetism generated from a medium
voltage/current. We are used two type of relay Its
operating voltage 220v AC and 5V .
DPDT Relay
SPDT Relay
 Moisture sensor :
it is used measure soil dry or wet.
Moisture sensor
 Pump :
We are used Centrifugal
pump for supplying water
Centrifugal pump

10. 10
Methodology
Circuit Diagram:

11. 11
Methodology
Working Principle :
Main Part:
Soil moisture sensor is used to sense the moisture
content in the soil. The required value of moisture
is fed prior to the microcontroller. Soil moisture
sensor works on the principle of resistance.
When the soil is dry it gives high resistance for
the connection of two electrodes, and when the
moisture content in the soil increases the
resistance given by the soil is less as water being
good conductor of electricity conducts between
the two electrodes.
When the moisture level in the soil is below than
the set value the pump gets on, and when the
moisture content reaches the required level the
power supply to the pump is cut-off.
Pump Operating
Power
Soil
Moisture
Sensor
Microcontroller
SPDT
Relay
Water Pump

12. 12
Methodology
Working Principle :
Operating Power Section:
At first we will used solar power for operate this pump, when
the solar power is not available, than the pump will be
automatically connect with grid by using DPDT relay. Charge
Controller
Solar
Panel
Inverter
Battery
Output
DPDT Relay
Grid

13. 13
Result & Discussion
Humidity Temperature Value Of Sensor
0% 0 C 0
10% 04 C 204.6
20% 08 C 409.2
30% 12 C 613.8
40% 16 C 818.4
50% 20 C 1023
60% 24 C 1227.6
70% 28 C 1432.2
80% 32 C 1636.8
90% 36 C 1841.4
100% 40 C 2046

14. Facilities:
 Low man power cost
 Environment friendly
 Save energy and Maintenance cost low
 More efficient than the manual system
Disadvantage:
 Installation cost high
Facilities & Disadvantage
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15. In this thesis we are trying to make a simple renewable energy based
automatic irrigation system which is cost efficient and increase our
irrigation production. Solar water pumping system is reliable and long
lasting. It requires minimum maintenance. Though it is expensive to
install but in the long run it is relatively cost effective. As a developing
country, Bangladesh needs these system so that we can have lower
maintenance cost and can have water for irrigation and other purposes.
With increasing reliance on natural gas and fossil fuels, we run the risk
of exhausting them in the near future. Our region is subject to a healthy
amount of sunshine as the results show, which makes it very important
for us to take initiatives and improve on solar powered technology.
Conclusion
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16. [1]Solar,Photovoltaic_system[Online].Available:https://en.wikipedia
.org/wiki/Photovoltaic_system (Visited on 01/12/2018)
[2]Solar,PV_system,[Online],Available:http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/c
onsumer/solar_electricity/basics/how_pv_system_works.htm(Visited
on 02/12/2018)
[3]ChargeController,solar_system,[Online]Available:https://www.sol
ar-electric.com/learning-center/batteries-and-charging /solar-charge-
controller-basics.html(Visited on 5/12/2018)
Reference
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17. THANK YOU
ANY QUESTION ?
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