This document proposes a smart M2M gateway-based architecture for managing M2M devices and endpoints. It uses a lightweight CoRE Link description and SenML-based metadata exchange. The architecture includes an ETSI-based IoT reference model with the M2M gateway in the middle. Configuration resources are described and can be accessed by a mobile client application. The architecture leverages relevant FI-WARE generic enablers for IoT gateway functions, backend services, data management and interfaces to networks and devices. The performance is evaluated to address scalability for large numbers of M2M devices and endpoints.

1. Smart M2M Gateway based Architecture for
M2M Device and Endpoint Management
Soumya Kanti Datta
Research Engineer, EURECOM, France
Email: soumya-kanti.datta@eurecom.fr
IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things
(iThings 2014)

2. Outline
• Introduction
• IoT architecture to manage M2M devices
• M2M device configuration management
• Interaction using a mobile client
• Implementation of Lightweight FI-WARE
Generic Enablers
• Performance evaluation
• Conclusion
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3. Introduction
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• Managing the huge volume of M2M devices facilitates
– Discovery of M2M devices and services
– Easy access for end users
– High mobility

4. M2M Gateway Based Management
• Why M2M gateway
– Settles the heterogeneity between M2M devices and
internet
– Things do not have the capability to connect to the Internet
on their own
– Gateway is indispensable to connect legacy things and
things in Smart Home domain
• We propose
– M2M gateway based device and endpoint management
– Lightweight CoRE Link based description
– SenML based metadata exchange [1]
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[1] Datta, Soumya Kanti; Bonnet, Christian; Nikaein, Navid, "CCT: Connect and Control Things: A novel mobile application to
manage M2M devices and endpoints," Intelligent Sensors, Sensor Networks and Information Processing (ISSNIP), 2014 IEEE
Ninth International Conference on , pp.1,6, 21-24 April 2014

5. Outline
• Introduction
• IoT architecture to manage M2M devices
• M2M device configuration management
• Interaction using a mobile client
• Implementation of Lightweight FI-WARE
Generic Enablers
• Performance evaluation
• Conclusion
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6. ETSI based IoT Architecture
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7. Outline
• Introduction
• IoT architecture to manage M2M devices
• M2M device configuration management
• Interaction using a mobile client
• Implementation of Lightweight FI-WARE
Generic Enablers
• Performance evaluation
• Conclusion
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8. CoRE Link Based Function Set
Function Set Root Path Resource Type
Device /d wg.dev
Endpoint /e wg.endpoint
Unit /unit wg.senml.unit
Configuration /cf wg.config
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9. M2M Device Resource Description
Type Path RT IF
Location /d/loc ipso.loc.gps /
ipso.loc.xy /
ipso.loc.sem
p
Id /d/id wg.dev.id rp
Name /d/n wg.dev.name p
Model /d/mdl wg.dev.model p
Endpoint /d/end wg.dev.endpoint p
destination /d/dst wg.dev.destination p
proxy-out [2] /d/po wg.dev.proxy-out rp
proxy-in [2] /d/pi wg.dev.proxy-in rp
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[2] Datta, S.K.; Bonnet, C.; Nikaein, N., "An IoT gateway centric architecture to provide novel M2M services," Internet of Things
(WF-IoT), 2014 IEEE World Forum on , vol., no., pp.514,519, 6-8 March 2014

10. M2M Endpoint Resource Description
Type Path RT IF
id /e/id wg.endpoint.id rp
name /e/n wg.endpoint.name p
device /e/d wg.endpoint.device p
senml /e/senml wg.endpoint.senml rp
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11. Unit Resource Description
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Type Path RT IF
Unit /unit/{senml.unit} wg.senml.unit rp
ui-graphical /unit/{senml.unit}/gr wg.senml.gr rp
allowed-
range
/unit/{senml.unit}/ar wg.senml.ar rp
allowed-list /unit/{senml.unit}/al wg.senml.al rp

12. Configuration Resource Description
• The configuration file can be created and/or updated
from the mobile clients.
• Access to the resources is restricted to authorized
clients as determined by the access rights.
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Type Path RT IF
Device /cf/d wg.dev p
Endpoint /cf/e wg.endpoint p
Unit /cf/unit wg.unit p

13. Outline
• Introduction
• IoT architecture to manage M2M devices
• M2M device configuration management
• Interaction using a mobile client
• Implementation of Lightweight FI-WARE
Generic Enablers
• Performance evaluation
• Conclusion
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14. Example Scenario
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• CoRE Link based
descriptions
– Pushed to the south
interface of the gateway.
– Locally stored.
• Mobile client
– Issues a GET request to
north interface of the
gateway.
– Gateway responds with
the M2M device and
endpoint configurations.

15. Retrieving M2M Device Configurations
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16. Retrieving M2M Endpoint Configuration
User selects the “Device 2” which queries for the
configuration of its endpoints
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Note: “xif” is an interface definition introduced by us to differentiate
between different types of endpoints like sensors (s), actuators (a),
RFID tag (r) and transducers (t).

17. Unit Resource Description
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• Note:
– Range of operation is 10 to 30 degree Celsius.
– Sensor measurement is represented by a slider.
• This drives the UI components of the mobile device
from the M2M gateway.

18. Updating Configuration at M2M Gateway
• Consider the “location”
attribute is empty.
• It can be updated from
mobile clients
– “Building-A” in this case
– Done using HTTP POST
• Only a some of the
attributes can be updated
– Location, name, proxy
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19. Outline
• Introduction
• IoT architecture to manage M2M devices
• M2M device configuration management
• Interaction using a mobile client
• Implementation of Lightweight FI-WARE
Generic Enablers
• Performance evaluation
• Conclusion
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20. FI-WARE Generic Enablers
• FI-WARE is an initiative that provides an open cloud-
based infrastructure to
– Create and deliver cost-effective applications and services
for future internet.
– Build Generic Enablers (GE) for IoT service enablement.
• Generic Enablers
– Allow physical things to be available, searchable, accessible
and usable by high level applications.
– Consists of a set of functionalities, APIs and interoperable
interfaces compliant with open specifications.
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21. IoT Gateway and Backend GEs
• IoT Gateway GE
– Provides inter-networking, protocol conversion &
network traffic optimization for IoT backend.
– Implements CoRE Link based Description APIs.
– Additional capabilities
• Gateway based M2M device discovery.
• Integration of legacy endpoints into the IoT ecosystem.
• IoT Backend GE
– Typically addresses domain specific applications.
• Enables Android application to provide M2M services
to end-users.
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22. Data/Context Management GEs
• Generate M2M data
– Combine sensor measurement with additional
data e.g. unit, type, id, name, version and
timestamp to create metadata.
• Collect context information
– Timestamp and location of M2M devices.
• Generate new information
– Semantic reasoning on the M2M data to generate
it’s meaning. [3]
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[3] Gyrard, A.; Bonnet, C.; Boudaoud, K., "Enrich machine-to-machine data with semantic web technologies for cross-
domain applications," Internet of Things (WF-IoT), 2014 IEEE World Forum on, pp.559,564, 6-8 March 2014

23. Interface to Networks and Devices (I2ND)
Architecture GEs
• Connected Device Interface (CDI) GE
– It equips the mobile clients with real time and remote access to M2M
devices and endpoints.
– Implemented as the mobile application “Connect and Control Things”.
• Service Capability, Connectivity and Control (S3C) GE
– Runs in Service Capabilities Layer (SCL) and offers
• Self-adaptive framework for battery and context aware mobile application
development. [4]
• Framework to optimize the mobile application development using cross
platform tools. [5]
• API for dynamic M2M device discovery.
• Ecosystem of mobile applications to serve different IoT domains (under
development)
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[4] Soumya Kanti Datta, Christian Bonnet, Navid Nikaein, "Self-Adaptive Battery and Context Aware Mobile Application Development", in
10th IEEE International Wireless Communication and Mobile Computing Conference, August 4-8, 2014, Cyprus.
[5] Dalmasso, I; Datta, S.K.; Bonnet, C.; Nikaein, N., "Survey, comparison and evaluation of cross platform mobile application development
tools," Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing Conference (IWCMC), 2013 9th International , vol., no., pp.323,328, 1-5 July 2013

24. Outline
• Introduction
• IoT architecture to manage M2M devices
• M2M device configuration management
• Interaction using a mobile client
• Implementation of Lightweight FI-WARE
Generic Enablers
• Performance evaluation
• Conclusion
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25. Performance Evaluation
• Addressing the scalability issue with huge
volume of M2M devices and endpoints
• Size of configuration file < 1KB.
– M2M gateway with internal memory 10MB can
store and manage 10,000 configuration files.
• The presented concept can be utilized in
– Smart Home, Healthcare domain etc.
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26. Outline
• Introduction
• IoT architecture to manage M2M devices
• M2M device configuration management
• Interaction using a mobile client
• Implementation of Lightweight FI-WARE
Generic Enablers
• Performance evaluation
• Conclusion
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27. Conclusion
• CoRE Link Format based lightweight description
• Internal structure of the M2M gateway, web
services, APIs and interactions
• ETSI compliant architecture
• Lightweight implementation of FI-WARE
Generic enablers
• Performance evaluation
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28. 01-Sept-14 Smart M2M Gateway based Architecture for M2M Device and Endpoint Management 28

29. Q/A
• Email: soumya.kanti-datta@eurecom.fr
• Publication repository:
http://www.eurecom.fr/en/people/datta-
soumya-kanti/publications
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