Know Your Teacher(KYT)

KNOW YOUR TEACHER
A PROJECT REPORT
submitted to
COCHIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
by
ASHWANI KUMAR
ANKIT RAJ
ANAND ABHISHEK
in partial fulfillment for the award of the degree of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
DIVISION OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
KOCHI- 682 022
KERALA | INDIA.
NOVEMBER 2016

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project report entitled “KNOW YOUR TEACHER” submitted
by ASHWANI KUMAR, ANKIT RAJ and ANAND ABHISHEK to the Cochin
University of Science & Technology, Kochi, Kerala in partial fulfillment for the award
of Degree of Bachelor of Technology in Information Technology is a bonafide record of
the project work carried out by them under my supervision during November 2016 -
April 2017.
Dr. Philip Samuel Nithya S. Prasad
HOD, Information Technology (Project Guide)

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We have taken a great effort in this project. However, it would not have been
possible without the kind support and help of many individuals who were directly or
indirectly involved. We would like to extend our sincere thanks to all of them.
We are grateful to Dr. Philip Samuel, Head Dept. of Information Technology for
his constant support and morale boosting. We would like to express our special
gratitude and thanks to Mrs. Nithya S. Prasad, Contract Faculty Dept. of
Information Technology and our project guide as she was always there to help us out
in project preparation and completion.
Our thanks and appreciations also goes to our colleague in developing the project
and people who have willingly helped us out with their abilities.
We would like to express our gratitude towards our parents for their kind co-
operation and encouragement which helped us in completion of this project.

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ABSTRACT
Know Your Teacher (KYT) is a project which will benefit college & school
students by letting them know when the faculty is available in his/her chamber and
when He/ She is not. Using this project, which can be installed on any android
device, they can save time and effort of physical enquiry. Users can access
application from any mobile devices supported by android system. It uses Ultrasonic
sensors which sense the presence of the faculty in a room and update their status in
real time. The status is shown on the mobile app and is very simple. The coding of all
the techniques mentioned above has been done using Arduino IDE & Android
Studio. It has been found that the Distance-Minimization algorithm gives the best
performance and also accurate results in most of the cases with an overall efficiency
of 95%. As a result of this, KYT achieves 98% efficiency.
.
KEYWORDS: Arduino Uno, Ultrasonic Sensor, Piezoelectric Buzzer, Arduino
IDE.

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CONTENTS
Title Page
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS........................................................................................ i
ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………………….. ii
LIST OF FIGURES ………………………………………………………………….. iv
1. INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………. 1
1.1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW ………………………………….…………. 1
2. HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS ……………………….……………...…… 2
2.1 ULTRASONIC SENSOR ………………………………..………..….. 2
2.1.1 Introduction …………………………………………………… 2
2.2.2 HC-SR04 Specifications …………………………………...…. 2
2.2.3 Working ………………………………………………………. 3
2.2 ARDUINO UNO …………………………………………………….... 4
2.2.1 Introduction …………………………………………………… 4
2.2.2 Specifications …………………………………………………. 4
2.2.3 Working ………………………………………………………. 4
2.3 PEIZO ELECTRIC BUZZER ………………………………………… 7
2.3.1 Introduction …………………………………………………… 7
2.3.1 Specification ……………………………………………..…… 7
2.3.3 Working ………………………………………………….…… 7
2.4 Arduino Wi-Fi 101…..…………………………………………..…… 9
2.4.1 Introduction …………………………………………………... 9
2.4.2 Specification ………………………………………………….. 9
2.4.3 Working ……………………………………………………..... 9
2.5 BREADBOARD ……………………………...………………………. 10
2.6 BATTERY ………………………………………………..………….. 10
2.7 BATTERY CONNECTOR AND DC MALE POWER JACK ……… 10
2.8 SWITCH ……………………………………………………...……… 10
2.9 JUMPER WIRE …………………………………………………...…. 10

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3. SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS ………………………….………………… 11
3.1 Scan for Available Networks………………………………………12
3.2 Arduino Set Up ……………………………………………………13
3.3Source Code for App……………………………………………….16
4. CONNECTION …………………………………………………………...…. 17
5. WORKING ……………………………………………………………...……. 18
5.1 INPUT BLOCK ………………………………………………………. 19
5.2 STEPS TO CREATE APP……………………………………….…… 20
5.3 OUTPUT BLOCK ……………………………………………….…… 22
6. TESTING ……………………………………………………………………... 23
7. RESULT………………………………... ………………………………….…. 24
8. FUTURE SCOPE ….…………………………………………………………. 25
9. REFERENCE…………………………………………………………………...26

v
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure Page No.
Fig. 2.1 Timing diagram of HC-SR04.......................................................................03
Fig. 2.2 Arduino Uno ……………………………………………………………. 04
Fig. 2.3 Piezoelectric Buzzer...................................................................................07
Fig. 2.4 Arduino Wi-Fi 101 …………………………………………………………… 09
Fig. 2.5 Breadboard ……………………………………………………………………… 09
Fig .2.6 battery connector and DC male power jack …………………………………….. 10
Fig. 2.7 Jumper Wire …………………………………………………………………….. 10
Fig. 4.1 Connection Diagram …………………………………………………………….. 13
Fig. 5.1 Block Diagram …………………………………………………………………... 14
Fig. 6.1 Blynk App set up ………………………………….…………………………….. 19
Fig. 6.2 Practical test of performance best in 30 degrees ……………………………….. 23

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1. INTRODUCTION
‘Know Your Teacher’ is a very handy app which can be installed on the student
phone whether it is an android or IPhone. Which then serving its main purpose, acts
smartly on the faculty Desk. It detects the presence of faculty or teacher and inform
the student willing to follow up in advance. We know how much problem needy
persons have to face if he/she comes from far places to meet the faculty/officer and
doesn’t find him when he arrives. If there is no anyway to know whether the faculty
is available in his chamber or not? the most important thing for them is their mobile
phone which is always with them 24x7. It helps them to sense the availability of
Faculty once he/she is on his/her proper seat. So, we come up with an idea of
transforming that ‘ordinary’ idea into a ‘KYT’. The KYT will serve its purpose that
is to assist in locating the presence of faculty on his seat, but apart from that it will
act as ‘On your finger tip’ of the person carrying the phone with app pre-installed.
This stick is equipped with Arduino Uno board, Ultrasonic Sensors, Buzzer and
ESP8266. These equipments are mounted in very light case which can then be used
kept over the desk. When the ultrasonic sensor detects the presence of faculty within
the specified range the piezo electric buzzer makes sound and the ESP8266 connects
in order to alert the student. This stick is powered by 9V rechargeable battery. These
batteries can be stored inside the skeleton of the stick, thus taking no any extra space.
This is very handy and cost effective. Its components are available at quite cheaper
rate. When this product is produced in large scale, it would be even more cost
effective.
1.1 PRODUCT OVERVIEW
The product is in the form of a portable device. The case of the product can
be still used as conventional desktop app while the box is embedded with: -
Ultrasonic Sensor detects the presence of obstacles in the given range.
Normally its range varies from 2cm to 4m.
Piezoelectric Buzzer produces beeping sound if an obstacle is detected by the
ultrasonic sensor.
Arduino Wi-Fi 101 connects with the Wi-Fi which is detected by ultrasonic
sensor.
Arduino Uno acts as a heart of the system. It receives input from the
ultrasonic sensor, computes the time in which the reflection from ultrasonic
sensor is detected and converts this time into distance. This distance is
compared with threshold value. If distance is less than threshold value, then
output is sent to the buzzer and vibration motor.

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2. HARDWARE SPECIFICATIONS
2.1 ULTRASONIC SENSOR
2.1.1 Introduction
HC-SR04 is an ultrasonic ranging module that provides 2 cm to 400 cm non-
contact measurement function. The modules include ultrasonic transmitters,
receiver and control circuit. The ranging accuracy can reach to 3mm and
effectual angle is < 30°. It can be powered from a 5V power supply.
2.2.2 HC-SR04 Specifications
 Working Voltage: DC 5V
 Working Current: 15mA
 Working Frequency: 40Hz
 Max Range: 4m
 Min Range: 2cm
 Measuring Angle: 15 degree
 Trigger Input Signal: 10µS TTL pulse
 Echo Output Signal Input TTL lever signal and the range in proportion
 Dimension 45 * 20 * 15mm
2.2.3 Working
A short ultrasonic pulse is transmitted at the time 0, reflected by an object.
The senor receives this signal and converts it to an electric signal. The next
pulse can be transmitted when the echo is faded away. This time period is
called cycle period. The recommend cycle period should be no less than
50ms. If a 10μs width trigger pulse is sent to the signal pin, the Ultrasonic
module will output eight 40kHz ultrasonic signal and detect the echo back.
The measured distance is proportional to the echo pulse width and can be
calculated by the formula above. If no obstacle is detected, the output pin will
give a 38ms high level signal.

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Fig. 2.1 Timing diagram of HC-SR04
2.2 ARDUINO UNO
2.2.1 Introduction
Arduino is a software company, project, and user community that designs and
manufactures computer open-source hardware, open-source software, and
microcontroller-based kits for building digital devices and interactive objects
that can sense and control physical devices. The Arduino Uno is a
microcontroller board based on the ATmega328 chip.
2.2.2 Specifications
Microcontroller ATmega328
Architecture AVR
Operating Voltage 5 V
Flash memory 32 KB of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
SRAM 2 KB
Clock Speed 16 MHz
Analog I/O Pins 6
EEPROM 1 KB
DC Current per I/O Pins 40 mA on I/O Pins; 50 mA on 3,3 V Pin
Input Voltage 7-12 V
Digital I/O Pins 20 (of wich 6 provide PWM output)
PWM Output 6
PCB Size 53.4 x 68.6 mm
Weight 25 g

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Fig. 2.2 Arduino Uno
2.2.3 Working
Power - The Arduino Uno can be powered via the USB connection or with
an external power supply. The power source is selected automatically.
External (non-USB) power can come either from an AC-to-DC adapter (wall-
wart) or battery. The adapter can be connected by plugging a 2.1mm center-
positive plug into the board's power jack. Leads from a battery can be
inserted in the Gnd and Vin pin headers of the POWER connector. The board
can operate on an external supply of 6 to 20 volts. If supplied with less than
7V, however, the 5V pin may supply less than five volts and the board may
be unstable. If using more than 12V, the voltage regulator may overheat and
damage the board. The recommended range is 7 to 12 volts.
The power pins are as follows:
 VIN. The input voltage to the Arduino board when it's using an external
power source (as opposed to 5 volts from the USB connection or other
regulated power source). You can supply voltage through this pin, or, if
supplying voltage via the power jack, access it through this pin.
 5V.This pin outputs a regulated 5V from the regulator on the board. The
board can be supplied with power either from the DC power jack (7 - 12V),
the USB connector (5V), or the VIN pin of the board (7-12V). Supplying
voltage via the 5V or 3.3V pins bypasses the regulator, and can damage your
board. We don't advise it.

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 3V3. A 3.3-volt supply generated by the on-board regulator. Maximum
current draw is 50 mA.
 GND. Ground pins.
 IOREF. This pin on the Arduino board provides the voltage reference with
which the microcontroller operates. A properly configured shield can read the
IOREF pin voltage and select the appropriate power source or enable voltage
translators on the outputs for working with the 5V or 3.3V.
Memory
The ATmega328 has 32 KB (with 0.5 KB used for the bootloader). It also has
2 KB of SRAM and 1 KB of EEPROM (which can be read and written with
the EEPROM library).
Input and Output - Each of the 14 digital pins on the Uno can be used as an
input or output, using pinMode(), digitalWrite(), and digitalRead() functions.
They operate at 5 volts. Each pin can provide or receive a maximum of 40
mA and has an internal pull-up resistor (disconnected by default) of 20-50
kOhms. In addition, some pins have specialized functions:
 Serial: 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). Used to receive (RX) and transmit (TX) TTL
serial data. These pins are connected to the corresponding pins of the
ATmega8U2 USB-to-TTL Serial chip.
 External Interrupts: 2 and 3. These pins can be configured to trigger an
interrupt on a low value, a rising or falling edge, or a change in value. See the
attachInterrupt() function for details.
 PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Provide 8-bit PWM output with the
analogWrite() function.
 SPI: 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SCK). These pins support SPI
communication using the SPI library.
 LED: 13. There is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13. When the pin is
HIGH value, the LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it's off. The Uno has 6
analog inputs, labeled A0 through A5, each of which provide 10 bits of
resolution (i.e. 1024 different values). By default they measure from ground
to 5 volts, though is it possible to change the upper end of their range using
the AREF pin and the analogReference() function. Additionally, some pins
have specialized functionality:
 TWI: A4 or SDA pin and A5 or SCL pin. Support TWI communication using
the Wire library. There are a couple of other pins on the board:
 AREF. Reference voltage for the analog inputs. Used with
analogReference().
 Reset. Bring this line LOW to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to add
a reset button to shields which block the one on the board.
Communication - The Arduino Uno has a number of facilities for
communicating with a computer, another Arduino, or other microcontrollers.
The ATmega328 provides UART TTL (5V) serial communication, which is
available on digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). An ATmega16U2 on the board
channels this serial communication over USB and appears as a virtual com
port to software on the computer. The '16U2 firmware uses the standard USB
COM drivers, and no external driver is needed. However, on Windows, a .inf

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file is required. The Arduino software includes a serial monitor which allows
simple textual data to be sent to and from the Arduino board. The RX and TX
LEDs on the board will flash when data is being transmitted via the USB-to-
serial chip and USB connection to the computer (but not for serial
communication on pins 0 and 1).
A Software Serial library allows for serial communication on any of the
Uno's digital pins.
The ATmega328 also supports I2C (TWI) and SPI communication. The
Arduino software includes a Wire library to simplify use of the I2C bus; For
SPI communication, use the SPI library.
Programming - The Arduino Uno can be programmed with the Arduino
software.
The ATmega328 on the Arduino Uno comes pre-burned with a bootloader
that allows you to upload new code to it without the use of an external
hardware programmer. It communicates using the original STK500 protocol.
You can also bypass the bootloader and program the microcontroller through
the ICSP (In-Circuit Serial Programming) header using Arduino ISP or
similar.
Automatic (Software) Reset
Rather than requiring a physical press of the reset button before an upload,
the Arduino Uno is designed in a way that allows it to be reset by software
running on a connected computer. One of the hardware flow control lines
(DTR) of the ATmega8U2/16U2 is connected to the reset line of the
ATmega328 via a 100 nanofarad capacitor. When this line is asserted (taken
low), the reset line drops long enough to reset the chip. The Arduino software
uses this capability to allow you to upload code by simply pressing the upload
button in the Arduino environment. This means that the bootloader can have a
shorter timeout, as the lowering of DTR can be well-coordinated with the
start of the upload. The Uno contains a trace that can be cut to disable the
auto-reset. The pads on either side of the trace can be soldered together to re-
enable it. It's labeled "RESET-EN". You may also be able to disable the auto-
reset by connecting a 110 ohm resistor from 5V to the reset line.
USB Overcurrent Protection - The Arduino Uno has a resettable polyfuse
that protects your computer's USB ports from shorts and overcurrent.
Although most computers provide their own internal protection, the fuse
provides an extra layer of protection. If more than 500 mA is applied to the
USB port, the fuse will automatically break the connection until the short or
overload is removed.
Physical Characteristics - The maximum length and width of the Uno PCB
are 2.7 and 2.1 inches respectively, with the USB connector and power jack
extending beyond the former dimension. Four screw holes allow the board to
be attached to a surface or case. Note that the distance between digital pins 7
and 8 is 160 mil (0.16"), not an even multiple of the 100 mil spacing of the
other pins.

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2.3 PEIZO ELECTRIC BUZZER
2.3.1 Introduction
Piezo buzzer is an electronic device commonly used to produce sound. Light
weight, simple construction and low price make it usable in various
applications like car/truck reversing indicator, computers, call bells etc.
Fig. 2.3 Piezoelectric Buzzer
2.3.1 Specification
Rated Voltage: A piezo buzzer is driven by square waves (V p-p).
Operating Voltage: For normal operating. But it is not guaranteed to make
the minimum SPL under the rated voltage.
Current: The current is stably consumed under the regular
operation. However, it normally takes three times of
current at the moment of starting to work.
Capacitance: A piezo buzzer can make higher SPL with higher
capacitance, but it consumes more electricity.
Sound Output: The sound output is measured by decibel meter.
Applying rated voltage and square waves, and the
distance of 10 cm.
Rated Frequency: A buzzer can make sound on any frequencies, but we
suggest that the highest and the most stable SPL comes
from the rated frequency.
Operating Temp.: Keep working well between -30℃ and +70℃.
2.3.3 Working
Piezo buzzers use the inverse piezoelectric principle to create movement of a
ceramic disc to produce sound waves. The buzzer includes a built-in
oscillating circuit. When piezoelectric materials are under pressure, the
pressure causes changes along the surface of the material, these pressure
differences result in compression along one surface and strain along the other
one. As a result, the positive charges collect on one side of the material, and
the negative charges collect on the opposite side. This generator effect
converts mechanical energy into electricity. In the reverse piezoelectric
effect, used in buzzers, applying an electrical field causes the length of the
surface to change and converts electrical energy into mechanical energy that
creates sound waves the human ear is able to detect.

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2.4 Arduino Wi-Fi 101
2.4.1 Introduction
Arduino Wi-Fi Shield 101 is the new IoT enabler shield based on the
ATWINC1500 module developed with ATMEL, that connects your Arduino
ZERO to the internet wirelessly. Connecting it to a Wi-Fi network is simple, no
further configuration in addition to the SSID and the password are required. The
Wi-Fi Shield 101 comes with an easy-to-use library that allow to connect you
Arduino ZERO board to internet with few instructions. The Wi-Fi Shield 101
also features a complete asymmetric (public/private) hardware key cryptographic
signature solution that is an ultra-secure method to provide key agreement for
encryption/decryption, specifically designed for the IoT market. As always with
Arduino, every element of the platform – hardware, software and documentation
– are freely available and open-source. This means you can learn exactly how it's
made and use its design as the starting point for your own projects.
2.4.2 Specification
Digital PIN: The digital pin is the pin part of a Arduino Wi-Fi which
accepts and rec. The wires and magnetic field of the motor are
arranged so that a torque is developed about the rotor's axis.
Analog PIN: The stator is the stationary part of a rotary electric motor. It
could be worked as the magnet field and interact with the
armature to create motion.
LED: A commutator is a rotary electrical switch in certain types of
electric motors or electrical generators that periodically
reverses the current direction between the rotor and the
external circuit.
2.4.3 Working
A coreless motor is a DC motor with a rotor that does not have an iron core.
Instead, it has a permanent magnet inside and a coil outside. Eliminating the
iron core from the rotor offers the following advantages:
 Smaller rotational inertia and faster
 Smoother rotation due to absence of magnetic
An offset counterweight is fitted to the end of the motor shaft. When the shaft
turns, the imbalance in the counterweight causes the vibration.

9
Fig. 2.4 Arduino Wi-Fi 101
2.5 BREADBOARD
A breadboard is a construction base for prototyping of electronics. Originally
it was literally a bread board, a polished piece of wood used for slicing bread.
In the 1970s the solderless breadboard (AKA plugboard, a terminal array
board) became available and nowadays the term "breadboard" is commonly
used to refer to these. "Breadboard" is also a synonym for "prototype".
Fig. 2.5 Breadboard

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2.5 BATTERY
The nine-volt battery, or 9-volt battery, in its most common form was
introduced for the early transistor radios. It has a rectangular prism shape
with rounded edges and a polarized snap connector at the top. This type is
commonly used in walkie talkies, clocks and smoke detectors. The nine-volt
battery format is commonly available in primary carbon-zinc and alkaline
chemistry, in primary lithium iron disulfide, and in rechargeable form in
nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride and lithium-ion.
2.6 BATTERY CONNECTOR AND DC MALE POWER JACK
Battery connector is used for connecting the terminal wire to the battery. It
consists of a metal cap with insulated cover.
At the other end, there is an DC male power jack which is used to power the
Aduino Uno board.
Fig. 2.6 Battery Connector and DC Male Power Jack
2.6 SWITCH
A single-pole, single-throw (SPST) switch is used. It’s got one output and
one input. The switch will either be closed or completely disconnected.
SPSTs are perfect for on-off switching. They’re also a very common form of
momentary switches. SPST switches only require two terminals.
2.7 JUMPER WIRE
A jump wire also known as jumper, jumper wire, jumper cable, DuPont wire,
or DuPont cable – named for one manufacturer of them is an electrical wire
or group of them in a cable with a connector or pin at each end (or sometimes
without them – simply "tinned"), which is normally used to interconnect the
components of a breadboard or other prototype or test circuit, internally or
with other equipment or components, without soldering.
Fig. 2.7 Jumper Wire

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3. SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS
3.1 Scan for available networks
The sketch below is a good one to run the first time you use the board in a new area.
This sketch will not connect to a network, but it will show you what networks the
shield can view. Your WiFi shield will probably not see as many networks as a
computer with a larger WiFi antenna. Once you have downloaded the sketch to your
Arduino, open the serial port to see available networks.
#include <SPI.h>
#include <WiFi.h>
void setup() {
// initialize serial and wait for the port to open:
Serial.begin(9600);
while(!Serial) ;
// attempt to connect using WEP encryption:
Serial.println("Initializing Wifi...");
printMacAddress();
// scan for existing networks:
Serial.println("Scanning available networks...");
listNetworks();
}
void loop() {
delay(10000);
// scan for existing networks:
Serial.println("Scanning available networks...");
listNetworks();
}
void printMacAddress() {
// the MAC address of your Wifi shield
byte mac[6];
// print your MAC address:
WiFi.macAddress(mac);
Serial.print("MAC: ");
Serial.print(mac[5],HEX);
Serial.print(":");
Serial.print(":");
Serial.print(":");

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Serial.print(":");
Serial.print(":");
Serial.println(mac[0],HEX);
}
void listNetworks() {
// scan for nearby networks:
Serial.println("** Scan Networks **");
byte numSsid = WiFi.scanNetworks();
// print the list of networks seen:
Serial.print("number of available networks:");
Serial.println(numSsid);
// print the network number and name for each network found:
for (int thisNet = 0; thisNet<numSsid; thisNet++) {
Serial.print(thisNet);
Serial.print(") ");
Serial.print(WiFi.SSID(thisNet));
Serial.print("tSignal: ");
Serial.print(WiFi.RSSI(thisNet));
Serial.print(" dBm");
Serial.print("tEncryption: ");
Serial.println(WiFi.encryptionType(thisNet));
}
}
3.2 Setting up Arduino Uno
The following steps are taken for setting up ARDUINO UNO:
Step 1: An Arduino board and a USB cable is required. For this project, we
have used Arduino UNO board.
Step 2: Arduino IDE Software. Different versions of Arduino IDE can be found
on the Download page on the Arduino Official website. A software,
must be selected which is compatible with your operating system
(Windows, IOS, or Linux). After your file download is complete,
unzip the file.

13
Step 3: Power up your board. The Arduino Uno automatically draw power from
either, the USB connection to the computer or an external power
supply. In this project power of 12V is supplied to the Arduino
board with the help of a jumper wire from the Receiver Relay
circuit.
Step 4: Launch Arduino IDE. After the Arduino IDE software is downloaded,
the folder needs to be unzipped. Inside the folder, the application
icon can be found with an infinity label (application.exe).
DoubleClick the icon to start the IDE.
Step 5: Open your first project.
Once the software starts, there are two options:
• Create a new project.
• Open an existing project.
Step 6: Select the Arduino board.
To avoid any error while uploading the program to the board, the correct
Arduino board name must be selected, which matches with the board
connected to the computer.
Go to Tools -> Board and select the board.
Step 7: Select the serial port.
Select the serial device of the Arduino board. Go to Tools -> Serial Port
menu. This is likely to be COM3 or higher (COM1 and COM2 are usually
reserved for hardware serial ports).
Step 8: Upload the program to the board. simply click the "Upload" button
in the environment. Wait a few seconds, the RX and TX LEDs
will be shown on the board, flashing. If the upload is successful,
the message "Done uploading" will appear in the status bar.

14
3.3 Source Code for the App
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial
#include <SPI.h>
#include <Ethernet.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEthernet.h>
#define trigPin 13 // pins for first sensor
#define echoPin 12
#define trigPin1 11 // pins for second sensor
#define echoPin1 10
#define trigPin2 9 // pins for third sensor
#define echoPin2 8
#define trigPin3 7 // pins for fourth sensor
#define echoPin3 6
WidgetLED led1(V1); // Virtual LEDs for the app
WidgetLED led2(V2);
WidgetLED led3(V3);
WidgetLED led(V0);
char auth[] = ""; // Write your auth code here
void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600); // Begin serial communication
Blynk.begin(auth); // configure blynk and connect to it's server
pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT); // Defining the functions of the pins
pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
pinMode(trigPin1, OUTPUT);
pinMode(echoPin1, INPUT);
}
void loop() {
// put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
long duration,distance1,distance2,distance3, distance,duration2,
duration3, duration1 ; // defining variables
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
digitalWrite(trigPin1, LOW);
digitalWrite(trigPin1, HIGH);

15
distance = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
distance1 = pulseIn(echoPin1,HIGH);
if (distance >= 200 || distance <= 0){
Serial.println("Out of range"); // running the
condition for the LEDs
led.off();
}
else {
Serial.print(distance);
Serial.println(" cm");
led.on();
}
if (distance1 >= 200 || distance1 <= 0){
Serial.println("Out of range");
led1.off();
}
else {
Serial.print(distance1);
led1.on();
}
led3.off();
}
else {
led3.on();
}

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led2.off();
}
else {
led2.on();
}
}

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4. CONNECTION
The connection of different sensors with the Arduino Uno is done using
jumper wires. Mainly male to male jumper wires are used. All the
connections are either direct from component to Arduino or through the
breadboard. All the connections are done as given below: -
Ultrasonic1 VCC to Arduino 5v.
Ultrasonic1 GND to Arduino GND.
Ultrasonic1 TRIG to Arduino D8.
Ultrasonic1 ECHO to Arduino D9.
Ultrasonic2 VCC to Arduino 5v.
Ultrasonic2 GND to Arduino GND.
Ultrasonic2 TRIG to Arduino D12.
Ultrasonic2 ECHO to Arduino D11.
Buzzer RED to Arduino D8.
Buzzer BLACK to Arduino GND.
Vibrator motor pin 1 to Arduino D7.
Vibrator motor pin 2 to Arduino GND.
9-volt battery RED to Toggle switch pin 1.
9-volt battery BLACK to DC male power jack (-).
Toggle switch pin 2 to DC male power jack (+).
Fig. 4.1 Connection Diagram

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5. WORKING
The technology behind the KYT is pretty straight forward. There are mainly
three blocks used it: input, controller and output. The input consists of an
ultrasonic sensor that is capable of detecting obstacles in front of it at a range
of up to 100cm. It is interfaced to a controller: the Arduino which determines
if an obstacle is too close to the stick and triggers the output if it is. The
output consists of a Wi-Fi to provide haptic response and a sharp alert from
piezo buzzer.
Fig. 5.1 Block Diagram
STEPS TO CREATE THE KYT APP
1. Create a Faculty Dashboard Account
After you download the Faculty Dashboard App, you’ll need to create a New
Faculty Dashboard account. This account is separate from the accounts used for
the Faculty Dashboard Forums, in case you already have one. We recommend
using a valid email address because it will simplify things

19
.
Why do I need to create an account?
An account is needed to save your projects and have access to them from multiple
devices from anywhere. It’s also a security measure. You can always set up your
own Private Faculty Dashboard Server and have full control. 2. Create a New Project
After you’ve successfully logged into your account, start by creating a new project.
Give it a name.

20
2. Choose Your Hardware Select the hardware model you will use. Check out
the list of Supported Hardware.
4. Authority Token
Authority Token is a unique identifier which is needed to connect your hardware to
your smartphone. Every new project you create will have its own Auth Token. You’ll
get Authority Token automatically on your email after project creation. You can also
copy it manually. Click on devices section:

21
Click on device:
And you’ll see token :
NOTE: Don’t share your Auth Token with anyone, unless you want someone to
have access to your hardware.

22
It’s very convenient to send it over e-mail. Press the e-mail button and the token will
be sent to the e-mail address you used for registration. You can also tap on the Token
line and it will be copied to the clipboard.
Now press the “Create” button.
5. Add a Widget
Your project canvas is empty, let’s add a button to control our LED.
Tap anywhere on the canvas to open the widget box. All the available widgets are
located here. Now pick a button.
Widget Box
Drag-n-Drop - Tap and hold the Widget to drag it to the new position.
Widget Settings - Each Widget has its own settings. Tap on the widget to get to
them.
The most important parameter to set is PIN . The list of pins reflects physical pins
defined by your hardware. If your LED is connected to Digital Pin 8 - then select D8
(D - stands for Digital).

23
6. TESTING
Practical testing yielded quiet mixed outcomes. The range of the ultrasonic
sensor is 2cm to 400 cm. Every obstacle within that range is very easily
detected. Its operation is not affected by sunlight or black material like Sharp
rangefinders are (although acoustically soft materials like cloth can be
difficult to detect). If the sound waves strike perpendicularly or near
perpendicularly on the obstacle, its detection is very easy. But when waves
reflect from inclined surface, detection is not successful. The figure below
completely describes this scenario.
Fig. 6.1Waves reflection from different surface inclination
Fig. 6.2 Practical test of performance best in 30 degrees.

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7. RESULT
7.1 Results
Managed to successfully apply the Know Your Teacher system using Raspberry
Pi and it was user friendly and cost effective. User friendly as in anyone can use
just a click of a button or through a voice command on an android screen or on a
Desktop screen can control multiple appliances with ease. And it is cost effective
as in it will cost exactly as the project requires (optimum price). In this project
controlling of an appliance just through a hand wave was also achieved
The following objectives of this project has been successfully met and they are as
follows:
 Constructed a wireless Know Your Teacher system controlled by a
smartphone specifically an android device.

 Designed and implement cost effective Know Your Teacher system yet
an efficient one.

 Designed a user friendly and a safe system to control home appliances
especially aimed to aid the elders and handicapped.

7.2 Limitations and Problems Encountered
Uncertainties exist in the voice recognition and wireless communication aspects
of our product. Noise affects the voice recognition accuracy, response distance,
and response speed. Using of more powerful microphone can decrease the
susceptibility due to noise. Developing noise filter or noise handling algorithm
may further improve the performance. Wireless communication is limited by the
effective communication distance of the transmitter and receiver, especially in
the situation of a large house. Using more powerful wireless module can improve
the performance.

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7. FUTURE SCOPE AND CONCLUSION
At present stage, the prototype is working fine. It detects presence of faculty in the
specified range under proper reflection from the obstacle. But a lot of improvement
can be done to this prototype.
1. A range controller can be installed to control the range of the ultrasonic
sensor as per the need.
2. Rechargeable battery can power the device for long run. Batteries can be
placed inside the skeleton of the stick, thus taking up no extra space.
3. A camera module can also be integrated in the box which can act as ‘Web-
Cam’ to see what’s happening in front of the person and send appropriate
voice command to alert the students.
4. GPS module can act as a navigation instructor for the person coming to meet.
Thus, it’s quite obvious that with the integration of more smart sensors and electrical
components the main objective of KYT can be realized.
The price of the assembled prototype is within 1000 rupees. When the prototype is
produced at large scale its price can boil down to as low as 500 rupees.

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8. REFERENCE
[1] P. Marian. (2014, May 10). HC-SR04 Datasheet
(2nd ed.) [Online]. Available: http://www.electroschematics.com/8902/hc-sr04-
datasheet/
[2] Dejan Nedelkovski. (2015, July 26). Ultrasonic Sensor HC-SR04 and Arduino
Tutorial [Online]. Available: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZejQOX69K5M
[3] Tinkernut Labs. (2014, August 28). How To Make A Sonar Device [Online].
Available: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K5Aw86ROFA8
[4] Arduino Software (IDE). (2015, September 7). Arduino Software (IDE)
[Online]. Available: https://www.arduino.cc/en/Guide/Environment

Know Your Teacher(KYT)

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