this is a final year project.In this project we made a device through which we can vote from anywhere.this device is very much cost efficient.we can give our vote by using a smart card(which will be unique for everyone)..

1. SMART CARD & GSM BASED VOTING MACHINE
Under the guidance of : Prof. Sukant BeheraUnder the guidance of : Prof. Sukant Behera
Department of ECE
GANDHI INSTITUTE FOR TECHNOLOGY
BHUBANESWAR, ODISHA

2. Group members
Sneha Panda 1201298298Sneha Panda 1201298298
Suchitra DehurySuchitra Dehury 12012983471201298347
Ravi Shankar KumarRavi Shankar Kumar 12012983371201298337
Vikash KumarVikash Kumar 12012983451201298345
Department of ECE
GANDHI INSTITUTE FOR TECHNOLOGY
BHUBANESWAR, ODISHA
09/08/16 GROUP NO. 2 2

3. content
• Introduction
• Reasons for choosing the project
• Requirements
• Block diagram
• Power supply
• AVR microcontroller
• Smart card
• LCD
• GSM modem
• Max-232
• Technology used
• GSM
• RFID
• USART
• Advantages
• Conclusion
• References 309/08/16 GROUP NO. 2

4. IntroDuctIon
 In this project there will be a gate which will get access by a
smart card issued by Election Commission.
After entering, there will be an electronic voting machine set
up to cast vote for different leaders.
Vote will be stored in a given number as message.
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5. reasons for choosInG the
project
The objective of this project is to remotely casting your
vote from anywhere and to avoid the expenditure in voting
time. Voting machine also provides easy access to cast the
vote by using smart card.
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6. reQuIrements
The main components of the toolkit include
• Microcontroller
• GSM modem
• LCD display
• Smart card
• MAX-232
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7. bLocK DIaGram
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Micro
controller
Key
Smart
card
Rs 232 GSM
Modem
LCD Display
Card reader

8. poWer suppLY
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9. contInue….
• Transformer - steps down high voltage AC mains to
low voltage AC.
• Rectifier - converts AC to DC, but the DC output is
varying.
• Smoothing - smoothes the DC from varying greatly to a
small ripple.
• Regulator - eliminates ripple by setting DC output to a
fixed voltage.
09/08/16 9GROUP NO. 2

10. contInue….
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11. AVR MICROCONTROLLER
• AVR was developed in the year 1996 by Atmel
Corporation.
• AVR microcontrollers are available in three categories:
1. Tiny AVR
2. Mega AVR
3. Xmega AVR
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12. WHY MEgAAVR ?
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SERIES NAME PINS FLASH MEMORY
Tiny AVR 6-32 0.5-8 KB
Mega AVR 28-100 4-256 KB
Xmega AVR 44-100 16-384 KB

13. WHY AVR?
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14. ATMEgA16
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15. I/O PORTS :
• At mega 16 have 32 general purpose digital I/O pins.
Corresponding to every pin, there are 3 different
registers which control its function
DDR
PORT
PIN
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16. SMART CARD
Smart cards are plastic cards with embedded, integrated
circuits and similar in size to today's payment cards.
They can be used as an access-control device, making
personal and business data available only to the
appropriate users.
1609/08/16 GROUP NO. 2

17. CONTINuE….
There are three different categories of smart cards.
1. Integrated Circuit (IC) memory cards
2. IC optical memory cards
3. IC microprocessor cards.
09/08/16 GROUP NO. 2 17

18. WHY IC MICROPROCESSOR CARDS
•
Integrated Circuit
(IC) memory cards
IC optical
memory cards
IC microprocessor cards
It simply stores
data in a secure
manner
stores data in a
secure manner
More memory
capacity
stores data in a secure manner
More memory capacity
Can process different operation
like add, delete and manipulate
information in the memory of the
card
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19. 1909/08/16 GROUP NO. 2

20. LCD
• Liquid crystal display (LCD) has material which
combines the properties of both liquid and crystals.
• They have a temperature range within which the
molecules are almost as mobile as they would be in a
liquid, but are grouped together in an order form similar
to a crystal.
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21. 16x2 AlphAnumeric lcD
LCD has 2 register :-
(i)Command :- stores the command instruction
(ii)Data :- stores the data to be displayed
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22. 16x2 AlphAnumeric lcD
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23. continue….
Commands used in 16x2 Alphanumeric LCD :-
lcd_command_write (0x84);
lcd_string_write (“ GIFT“);
0x80
0xc0
80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 810 811 812 813 814 815
C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 C13 C14 C15
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24. • Example :-
#include <avr/io.h>
#include <lcd/io.h>
Void main ()
{
lcd_init();
DDRB=0b1111 1111;
DDRC=0b1111 1111;
lcd_command_write (0x84);
lcd_string_write (“ GIFT”);
}
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25. GSm moDem
 A GSM modem is a specialized kind of modulator-demodulator
in which a SIM card is accepted and it can be operated over a
subscription to the mobile operator.
 Here communication between a cell to cell is highly demanded
and between a computer and GSM system can also be possible
i.e. known as GSM Module.
 GSM module is used when a communication between a
computer and a GSM system is required. 25

26. continue....
 In this system GSM Modem is used to send the polling results to
the monitoring station via mobile network. In this way a more
secured system is presented and the chances of anomalies are
reduced.
 GSM Modem is SIM900 Quad-band GSM device, works on
frequencies 400 MHZ, 900 MHZ, 1800 MHZ and 1900 MHZ. It
is very compact in size and easy to use as plug in GSM Modem.
 It can also directly interface with 5V Microcontrollers. 26

27. mAx-232
• MAX-232 follows RS-232 protocol.
• RS-232 is a standard by which two serial devices
communicate.
• Works on Full duplex transmission.
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28. 09/08/16 GROUP NO. 2 28
ATmega16
MAX232
GSM
Rx
TX
Rx
TX
TX
Rx

29. technoloGY uSeD
RFID.
USART Communication.
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30. rFiD
• RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is a method of
identifying unique items using radio waves.
• It is an ADC (Automated Data Collection) technology
that uses radio frequency waves to transfer data between
a reader and a movable item to identify.
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31. USART
Receiving/Transmitting :- 3 method
Simplex
Half duplex
Full duplex
S/A : - Synchronous Asynchronous
parallel serial
fast slow
set up cost high set up cost low
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32. SOFTWARE USED
The Software which we are using for the coding of
embedded projects are:
• AVR Studio
• WIN AVR
• SINAPROG Hex downloader
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33. BURNING PROCESS
Program
written in
C using AVR
STUDIO
Compiled using
WINAVR
Converted into
HEX format
Transferred using
SINAPROG
Hex downloader
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34. COST ESTIMATION
COMPONENTS COST PRICE (IN Rs)
GSM MODEM 1600
RFID READER 800
MICRO CONTROLLER 250
LCD 150
TRANSFORMER 120
VOLTAGE REGULATOR 21
DIODE 20
CAPACITOR 10
RESISTOR 1
KEY SWITCH 8
CONNECTOR 6
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35. ADVANTAGE
• Saves time.
• It used to avoid forgery votes and security tensions in voting time.
• There is less chance of violence or attack as this place is not place
oriented.
• Data stores for lifetime.
• Very less resources and man power will be utilized
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36. CONCLUSION
The design presented here is cost effective, provide
mobility, highly secured, faster tabulation of results
and appropriate according to the modern day
requirements.
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37. REFERENCE
[1] Abbott, J.: Smart Cards: How Secure Are They?. SANS Institute Reading
Room,2002.http://www.sans.org/reading_room/whitepapers/authentication/smart-
cardssecure- they_131 (15.02.2012)
[2] D. Jefferson, A. D. Rubin, B. Simons, and D. Wagner. A Security analysis of the Secure
Electronic Registration and Voting Experiment (SERVE), 2004.
[3] S. Canard and J. Traor´e. Anonymous Services using Smart Card and Cryptography. In J.-J.
Quisquater, P. Paradinas, Y. Deswarte, and A. A. El Kalam, editors, Smart Card Research
and advanced applications VI - Cardis 2004, pages 83–98. Kluwer, 2004.
[4] United States Department of Defense. (2006). Radio Frequency Identification. Available at:
http://www.acq.osd.mil/log/rfid/index.htm. (Last Accessed: March 11, 2006.)
[5] Jerry Landt, "Shrouds of Time": outlines history and present of RFID:
http://www.aimglobal.org/technologies/rfid/resources/shrouds_of_time.pdf
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38. T HA N K
YOU
3809/08/16 GROUP NO. 2