This document discusses peer-to-peer protocols and Skype. It defines peer-to-peer networking as a distributed architecture where tasks are partitioned between equal, equipotent peers rather than centralized servers. Peers in a peer-to-peer network directly share their own resources like processing power, storage, or bandwidth without central coordination. The document also explains that Skype is a telecommunications app that allows video calls, voice calls, and messaging between devices via the internet using a hybrid peer-to-peer and client-server system, and that the name "Skype" comes from combining "Sky peer-to-peer".

1. NAME: DHWANI HINGORANI
ENR NO: 170410107025
SUBJECT: COMPUTER
NETWORKS

2. SKYPE
PEER TO PEER
PROTOCOL

3. WHAT IS PEER TO
PEER PROTOCOL?
Peer-to-peer (P2P) computing or
networking is a distributed
application architecture that
partitions tasks or workloads
between peers. Peers are equally
privileged, equipotent participants in
the application. They are said to
form a peer-to-peer network of
nodes.

4. PEER TO PEER
Peers make a portion of their resources, such as
processing power, disk storage or network bandwidth,
directly available to other network participants, without the
need for central coordination by servers or stable hosts.
Peers are both suppliers and consumers of resources, in
contrast to the traditional client-server model in which the
consumption and supply of resources is divided. Emerging
collaborative P2P systems are going beyond the era of peers
doing similar things while sharing resources, and are
looking for diverse peers that can bring in unique resources
and capabilities to a virtual community thereby empowering
it to engage in greater tasks beyond those that can be
accomplished by individual peers, yet that are beneficial to
all the peers.

5. WHAT IS SKYPE?
Skype is a telecommunications
application that specializes in
providing video chat and voice calls
between computers, tablets, mobile
devices, the Xbox One console, and
smartwatches via the Internet. Skype
also provides instant
messaging services. Users may
transmit text, video, audio and
images. Skype allows video

6. WHY THE NAME
SKYPE?
The name for the software is
derived from "Sky peer-to-peer",
which was then abbreviated to
"Skyper". However, some of the
domain names associated with
"Skyper" were already
taken. Dropping the final "r" left
the current title "Skype", for which
domain names were available.

7. SKYPE INTERFACE
Skype originally featured a hybrid peer-to-
peer and client–server system.Skype has been
powered entirely by Microsoft-
operated supernodes since May 2012.[The 2013
mass surveillance disclosures revealed that
Microsoft had granted intelligence agencies
unfettered access to supernodes and Skype
communication content.
Throughout 2016 and 2017, Microsoft redesigned
its Skype clients in a way that transitioned Skype
from peer-to-peer service to a
centralized Azure service and adjusted the user
interfaces of apps to make text-based messaging

8. THANK YOU!