The document discusses the simple present tense in English. It provides examples of its common uses which include facts, general truths, habitual actions and descriptions. It then explains the formula and structures for positive, negative and interrogative sentences in both verbal (with verbs like eat, study) and nominal (with verbs like be, seem) constructions. Examples are given for each. In the end, readers are instructed to complete exercises on simple present tense in their English Time textbook.

1. SIMPLE PRESENT
M A T E R I E - L E A R N I N G L I K B A H A S A I N G G R I S — U N I V E R S I T A S N U R U L J A D I D
— A H M A D F A I Z —

2. SIMPLE PRESENT
Simple Present digunakan untuk membuat kalimat yang berisi, 1) fakta, 2) kebenaran umum, 3) sesuatu yang tidak akan
berubah, 4) kebiasaan atau rutinitas, 5) deskripsi sifat/watak.1
Dengan kata lain, Simple Present berfungsi untuk mengungkapkan fakta, menyatakan sesuatu yang berulang-ulang terjadi
dan mendeskripsikan sesuatu yang menjadi realitas.2
PENGGUNAAN
1 Bradhiansyah T. Suryanto, Durratul Hikmah, dan M. Sofyan A. Pranata. English Time: Designed for Non-English Students. (Probolinggo: Pustaka Nurja, 2019), 74
2 English for Everyone: English Grammar Guide. (New York: Dorling Kindersley, 2016), 9

3. SIMPLE PRESENT
Simple Present biasanya juga menggunakan keterangan waktu (signal words) seperti, 1) always (selalu), 2) usually (biasanya),
3) often (sering kali), 4) sometime (terkadang), 5) seldom (jarang), 6) rarely (amat jarang), 6) ever (pernah), 7 never (tidak
pernah).3
KETERANGAN WAKTU (ADVERB OF FREQUENCY)
3 Bradhiansyah T. Suryanto, Durratul Hikmah, dan M. Sofyan A. Pranata. English Time: Designed for Non-English Students. (Probolinggo: Pustaka Nurja, 2019), 74

4. SIMPLE PRESENTKETERANGAN WAKTU (ADVERB OF FREQUENCY)
100% always (a) Darul always eats breakfast.
usually (b) Edi usually eats breakfast.
often (c) They often watch TV.
50% sometimes (d) We sometimes watch TV.
seldom (e) David seldom drinks milk.
rarely (f) Luthfi rarely drinks milk.
0% never (g) I never drink alcohol.

5. FORMULA
SIMPLE PRESENT
1. Kalimat Verbal
Positif:
Subject + verb1 (-s/-es) + object
Negatif:
Subject + do/does + not + verb1 + object
Interogatif:
Do/Does + subject + verb1 + object ?
5W1H + do/does + subject + verb1 + object ?
does not
do not
doesn’t
don’t
KONTRAKSI

6. ORANG KE TIGA TUNGGAL
SIMPLE PRESENT
I
eat
You
We
They
He
eatsShe
It
I do not
eat
You do not
We do not
They do not
He does not
eatShe does not
It does not

7. KALIMAT VERBALPOSITIF
Subject Verb1 Object*
I study English.
Ahmad lives in Paiton.
She always sleeps early.
Muhammad never speaks Arabic to his parents.
* Hanya kata kerja transitif (transitive verbs) yang membutuhkan objek.

8. KALIMAT VERBALNEGATIF
Subject do/does not Verb1 Object*
I do not study Arabic.
We do not drink alcohol.
He does not usually go to the party.
Joko does not always wash his cloth.
* Hanya kata kerja transitif (transitive verbs) yang membutuhkan objek.

9. KALIMAT VERBALINTEROGATIF
5W1H do/does Subject Verb1 Object*
Do you learn English every night?
Do they always drink coffee?
When does Ali usually sleep at night?
Why does she close her eyes?
* Hanya kata kerja transitif (transitive verbs) yang membutuhkan objek.

10. FORMULA
SIMPLE PRESENT
2. Kalimat Nominal
Positif:
Subject + be (am/is/are) + complement
Negatif:
Subject + be (am/is/are) + not + complement
Interogatif:
Be (Am/Is/Are) + subject + complement ?
5W1H + be (am/is/are) + subject + complement ?
are not
is not
aren’t
isn’t
KONTRAKSI

11. BE (AM/IS/ARE)
SIMPLE PRESENTI am
You
We are
They
He
She is
It
I’m
You’re
We’re
They’re
He’s
She’s
It’s

12. KALIMAT NOMINALPOSITIF
Subject be (am/is/are) complement*
We are the students in this university.
He is always my hero.
This bag is heavy.
My sister is a nurse.
* Complement adalah kata atau frasa yang terletak setelah kata kerja tertentu semisal be (am/is/are), become, seem, appear, dll.

13. KALIMAT NOMINALNEGATIF
Subject be (am/is/are) not complement*
You are not a naughty boy.
We are not usually late to come to class.
Ali and Edi are not lazy to learn English.
Your key is not on the table.
* Complement adalah kata atau frasa yang terletak setelah kata kerja tertentu semisal be (am/is/are), become, seem, appear, dll.

14. KALIMAT NOMINALINTEROGATIF
5W1H be (am/is/are) Subject complement*
Are you tired?
Is Aisha always sleepy in the class?
Is your room big?
Where are your parents?
* Complement adalah kata atau frasa yang terletak setelah kata kerja tertentu semisal be (am/is/are), become, seem, appear, dll.

15. Do the exercises on your book (English Time) on page 75—77!
SOAL LATIHAN

16. REFERENCES
Azar, B. S. and Hagen, S. A. 2014. Basic English Grammar (4th Edition). White Plains: Pearson
Education
English for Everyone: English Grammar Guide. 2016. New York: Dorling Kindersley
Murphy, R. 2015. Essential Grammar in Use (4th Edition). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press
Suryanto, B. T., Hikmah, D., and Pranata, M. S. A. 2019. English Time: Designed for Non-English
Students. Probolinggo: Pustaka Nurja