The document discusses the importance and uses of shoe lasts in footwear manufacturing. A shoe last is a form shaped like a human foot that shoe uppers are molded to in the design and construction of shoes. Different types of lasts are used for various shoe styles and construction methods, and lasts must be carefully measured and proportioned to produce shoes in a range of accurate sizes.
Presented by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering department of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh. Visit: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtkxsvTf9L6G2aZV2-HGCfcjPCplLeOqL
Uploaded by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering Department of Khulna University of Enginnering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, Bangladesh.
Presented by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering department of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna-9203, Bangladesh. Visit: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtkxsvTf9L6G2aZV2-HGCfcjPCplLeOqL
Uploaded by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering Department of Khulna University of Enginnering & Technology (KUET), Khulna, Bangladesh.
Presented by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering Department of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology(KUET), Khulna-9203, Bangladesh.visit: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2B6ePUTufmASxL9lbf-0Zg
Hi there,
I have added very basic introduction of "Footwear". There are a lot more to add on, but its just a little intro of Footwear.
hope you will get enjoy to read this...
Aly ;)
Book PDF format. To get email: murshidurkhulnabd@gmail.com
Download Link: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DWpeV7trhoqTW8iyYu_5u2KbXBuifUVv/view?usp=sharing
Presented by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering department of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology(KUET), Khulna-9203, Bangladesh. Visit: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtkxsvTf9L6G2aZV2-HGCfcjPCplLeOqL
Presented by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering Department of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology(KUET), Khulna-9203, Bangladesh.visit: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2B6ePUTufmASxL9lbf-0Zg
Hi there,
I have added very basic introduction of "Footwear". There are a lot more to add on, but its just a little intro of Footwear.
hope you will get enjoy to read this...
Aly ;)
Book PDF format. To get email: murshidurkhulnabd@gmail.com
Download Link: https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DWpeV7trhoqTW8iyYu_5u2KbXBuifUVv/view?usp=sharing
Presented by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering department of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology(KUET), Khulna-9203, Bangladesh. Visit: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtkxsvTf9L6G2aZV2-HGCfcjPCplLeOqL
Different styles and patterns of Men's shoesshoeandboot
Find out different types of styles and patterns in shoes for Men. More information about avg. price range, popular colours, leading manufacturing brands etc.
Presented by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering department of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology(KUET), Khulna-9203, Bangladesh. Visit: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLtkxsvTf9L6G2aZV2-HGCfcjPCplLeOqL
Presented by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering Department of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology(KUET), Khulna-9203, Bangladesh. To get the slide of this video visit: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2B6ePUTufmASxL9lbf-0Zg
Presented by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering Department of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology(KUET), Khulna-9203, Bangladesh. visit: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2B6ePUTufmASxL9lbf-0Zg
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Presented by S. M. Murshidur Rahman student of Leather Engineering Department of Khulna University of Engineering & Technology(KUET), Khulna-9203, Bangladesh.visit: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC2B6ePUTufmASxL9lbf-0Zg
lingual orthodontics courses in india /certified fixed orthodontic courses by...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
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NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
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Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
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This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
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Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
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Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
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Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
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A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
2. Last
• The last is a mould on which the material of footwear upper is shaped to its required
size and fitting.
• A Last is a mould upon which the shoe is made.
• The design of a last depends not only on the shape and size of the foot but also on
fashion, trends and type of construction made upon it.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
3. Importance of Last
Shoe last, the most important raw material used in the footwear industries, is often
called the “Heart of Shoe”. It has its own importance in measurement as the accuracy
of footwear product mostly depends on the accuracy of shoe last.
It provides the shoe size and fit.
The footwear is designed on the last.
It retains the 3-D shape of the shoe upper.
It helps to attach insole and sole with upper.
The shoe last represents the anatomical information of the foot, at the same time
giving the finished shoe a pleasing and fashionable appearance.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
4. Last and Feet
Criteria Last Feet
Surface Smooth to enhance the appearance of the shoe & to
enable the upper to be moulded more easily to shape.
Irregular and vary with
individual.
Outline Regular & continuous with a sharp feather edge. No feather edge.
Substance Hard & firm. Softer & flexible.
Toes No toes & toe end of the last is solid. Has separate toes.
Heel curve Greater on the last to grip the foot. Lesser on foot.
Heel pitch Present on the foot. Not present on the foot.
Joint girth Greater on the last to allow the foot to flex in the
shoe.
Lesser than last.
Toe spring Present on the last. Not present on the foot.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
5. Criteria Last Feet
Length Longer than the foot to prevent the pressure from
the shoe on the big toe.
Shorter than the last.
Toe profile Depth gradually decreases to a feather edge on
most lasts.
But not on the foot.
Toe depth The last is normally deeper at the front than the
foot to avoid pressure on toes.
Depth is lesser than last.
Girth & size
intervals
Regular on last. Irregular on feet.
Dimensions Identical on a pair of lasts. Rarely identical on a pair of foot.
Styling It is possible to modify for styling. Not possible to modify for
styling.
Function Used for shoe making Weight bearing & propulsion
Last and Feet
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
6. Last Terminology
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
7. Last Terminology
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
8. Last Terminology
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
9. Toe spring & Heel height
• More the flexible sole, lesser the toe spring,
More the rigid sole , greater the toe spring
• Lower the heel height, greater the toe spring,
Higher the heel height, lower the toe spring
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
10. Relationship between Toe spring & Heel height
Toe Spring Heel Pitch
12 mm ----------------------------------------------------10 mm
11 mm ----------------------------------------------------20 mm
10 mm ---------------------------------------------------30 mm
9 mm --------------------------------------------------40 mm
8 mm---------------------------------------------------50 mm
7 mm---------------------------------------------------60 mm
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
11. Materials used for last manufacture
Materials used for last manufacture are:
• Wood: Beech, Pine , Shal , Balsa, Maple
• Metal: Iron , Aluminum alloy
• Plastic: High density Polyethylene(HDPE), High density Polypropylene(HDPP).
The material should shape to the dimensions and contours of the last and unaffected by
humidity, heat and withstand the stresses and strains during shoe manufacturing.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
12. Classification of Last
i. Based on the Last materials, Lasts are three types:
• Wooden last
• Plastic Last
• Metal Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
13. Wooden Last
(Traditionally lasts are made from such as maples , beech or hornbeam because of the
dense, tight grain, which will give a smooth finish .However, wood is now mainly only
used for sample last or for small scale production.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
14. Wooden Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
15. Plastic Last
Usually high density polyethylene(HDPE) is used and moulded either direct to shape
a or to a castor shape.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
16. Plastic Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
17. Metal Last
Iron and aluminum alloy is used to form metal last. Metal last is used for direct
injected moulded lasting.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
18. Metal Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
19. Classification of Last
ii. Based on the Construction, Lasts are three types:
• Scoop block Last
• Hinged Last
• Solid Block Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
20. Scoop Block Last
• The last has a wedge cut on the top.
• The wedge can be detached from the main body of the last by a “Bush Spring Lock”
or a “Split Pin”.
• The last is taken out of the lasted shoe by removing the wedge.
• This type of last is used for hand made shoe constructions and when the production
capacity is less.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
21. Scoop block Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
22. Hinged Last
• The last is cut into two– the fore part and the back part.
• They are attached by a spring.
• The last can be bent in one direction about this hinge.
• During last slipping operation, the last is bent at the hinge and removed from the
shoe.
• Used for all types of shoe constructions.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
23. Hinged Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
24. Solid Block Last
This type of lasts are used for Chappal and Sandal making
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
25. Classification of Last
iii. Based on the Uses, Lasts are also four types:
• Finishing or Treeing Last
• Making Last
• Pullover Last ( Design Block)
• Metal Last ( Mould)
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
26. Finishing or Treeing Last
• Used in the finishing room to help the shoe to maintain its proper shape after
lasting and to give firm base for some of the finishing operations.
• It is made from lighter wood and slightly smaller in size than the making last to
allow it to be easily slipped inside the shoe.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
27. Finishing or Treeing Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
28. Making Last
• Used in the lasting department.
• Features of this type of last vary according to the type of construction being
made.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
29. Making Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
30. Pullover Last (Design Block)
A light weight, solid wooden block gives the desired fashion shape upon which the
designer puts his design for display.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
31. Pullover Last (Design Block)
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
32. Metal Last ( Mould)
• Used when soles are moulded directly onto uppers.
• They need to withstand high pressure and temperature.
• Complete upper is lasted onto the moulds which are attached to Injection Moulding
Machine.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
33. Metal Last ( Mould)
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
34. Classification of Last
iv. Based on last proportion, Lasts are also three types:
• Symmetric last
• Asymmetric last
• Custom-made last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
35. When two lasts are made from the measurement of one foot, then the lasts are
known as symmetric last. A pair of shoe which is made by symmetric last is not
comfortable for the wearer.
Symmetric Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
36. When two lasts are made from the measurement of two foot, then the lasts are
known as asymmetric last. A pair of shoe which is made by asymmetric last is
comfortable for the wearer.
Asymmetric Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
37. If the lasts are made for a particular customer, these lasts are reflecting the
characteristics of the individual feet.
Custom-made last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
38. Classification of Last
v. Based on the style of footwear, Lasts are also four types:
• Moccasin shoe Last
• Oxford shoe Last
• Court Shoe Last
• Sport Shoe Last
• Boot Last
• Sandal Last
These type of Last are described with features.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
39. Features of Lasts of different styles
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
40. Moccasin Shoe Last
• Sharply defined feather edge,
• Bottom almost flat,
• Well defined apron line,
• Toe end of the last vertical to the last bottom,
• Short front area i.e. 1 size smaller than ordinary shoe last,
• Extra toe spring to prevent extra creasing in vamp,
• Girth is wider i.e. 1 fit larger than ordinary shoe last.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
41. Moccasin Shoe Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
42. Oxford Shoe Last
• Toe spring is more,
• Narrow toe area,
• Lower instep,
• In case of tack lasting, full bottom area is covered with metal plate,
• Counter line is thinner to give tight and elegant top line,
• Profile from inside joint to breast of heel is straight.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
43. Oxford Shoe Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
44. Court Shoe Last
• Bottom curvature is more
• Instep is lower than the foot,
• Excessive back curve to grip the foot,
• Wide joint
• Minimum toe spring as the heel height is more,
• Heel feather edge must be similar to that of heel,
• Material of the last along the counter is thinned to give tight top line
• Comb area is narrow
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
45. Court Shoe Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
46. Sports Shoe Last
• Toe spring is minimum,
• Heel pitch is also minimum,
• More fuller toe area,
• More back height,
• More back curve,
• Short front area i.e. 1 size smaller than ordinary shoe last.
• Girth is wider i.e. 1 fit larger than ordinary shoe last.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
47. Sports Shoe Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
48. Boot Last
• Medium to low heel pitch,
• Wide joints, wide seat and wide waist to provide comfort and fit to wearer,
• Cone is broad to give comfort and sufficient space to accommodate foot in.
• Heel curve is given as per contour of heel and leg,
• Excessive toe spring as the soles are heavy
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
49. Boot Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
50. Sandal Last
• A slot at toe area of last
• Bottom is almost flat
• Minimum toe spring
• Short front area i.e. 1 size smaller than ordinary shoe last,
• Girth is wider i.e. 1 fit larger than ordinary shoe last.
• Seat area is also wider than shoe last.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
51. Sandal Last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
52. Last styling & Model Making Last Grading Damage to lasts
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
53. Last styling & Model Making
The last stylist must be able to forecast fashionable shoe shapes about one year before the
shoes are to be sold in shops.
Styling and Model making can be done in 3 ways.
a) Smooth turned standard back part and a rough turned forepart.
b) Copied forepart of the last is cut and then attached to a standard back part by adhesive.
c) Copied forepart of an actual shoe.
Reference: Manual of shoe making, Page: 67
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
54. Grading
Model last, both for fitting trials and lathe turning, is made in one particular size- the middle
size in any given range. To obtain other sizes in series the proportions of the model last is
scaled up and down. This scaling of proportion for different sizes is called grading.
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
55. Last Grading
Sizing System Length Girth
UK & USA 1/3 inch (8.47mm)
¼ inch (6.35mm)
(up to SLL 169mm increment of girth will be 3/16
inch or 4.76 mm)
Paris Point 2/3 cm (6.67mm)
½ cm (5 mm)
(4 mm between whole sizes for Children’s 26-30
sizes)
Japanese system 10 mm 6 mm
Mondo Point 5 or 7.5 mm
2 mm for 5 mm length increment
or 3 mm for 7.5 mm length increment
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
56. S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
57. Grading comparison
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
61. Damage to lasts
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
62. To get more video on Footwear Design and Development visit and subscribe
YouTube Channel:
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or
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To get slide visit
https://www.slideshare.net/Murshidur_Rahman/shoe-last
S. M. Murshidur Rahman, Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET).
63. Presented by:
S. M. Murshidur Rahman
Department of Leather Engineering,
Khulna University of Engineering & Technology (KUET), Khulna-9203, Bangladesh.
Email: murshidurkhulnabd@gmail.com
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