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2. Before we proceed to the sources of the
heat, let’s have a short review of layers
of the earth.
Planet Earth has 3 main layers, these
are the Crust, Mantle and Core.

4. Layers of the Earth
Crust
• Is a thin but important zone where dry, hot rock from the
deep reacts with the water and oxygen of the surface,
making new kinds of minerals and rocks.
• It’s also where plate-tectonic activity mixes and
scrambles these new rocks and injects them with
chemical activity fluids.

5. Mantle
• the largest layer of the geosphere, likely consisting of
mostly silicate rock but with higher percentages of
magenesium and iron compared to the crust.

6. Core
• The heaviest portion of the geosphere, likely consisting
of mostly iron and nickelalloy with very small quantities
of oxygen and silicon when compared to the mantle and
crust.
Inner Core
• Is the most metal place on Earth - even more so than
the outer core. Both are made mostly of iron along with
smattering nickel.

7. Sources of heat of our planet can be
identified as Primordial and
Radiogenic heat.
During the early formation of the Earth,
the internal heat energy that gradually
gathered together by means of
dispersion in the planet during it’s
million years of evolution is called
Primordial Heat.

8. The core is a storage of primordial heat that originates
from times of accreation when kenitic of energy of
colliding particles are was transformed into thermal
energy. This heat is constantly lost to the outer silicate
layers of the mantle and crust of the earth through
convection and conduction.

9. Radiogenic Heat - the thermal energy
released as a result of spontaneous nuclear
disintegration. It involves the disintegration of
natural radioactive elements inside the earth -
like uranium. Thorium and Potassium.

10. There are three process that can transfer heat:
● Conduction
● Convection; and,
● Radiation

11. What is Conduction?
• It is the transfer of heat energy from one
substance to another substance through
direct contact.
• It is processes happen in the earth’s
surface and it directs the thermal
settings in almost entire solid portions of
the earth and plays a very important
role in the lithosphere.

13. What is Convection?
• Is the transfer of heat by the movement of mass, and it’s a more effective
mode of heat transport in the Earth than the pure conduction.
• Convection dominates the thermal condition in zones with significant
amounts of fluids (molten rocks) and thus governs the heat transport in the
fluid outer core and the mantle.
• This results to the movement of tectonic plates. Hot materials are added at
the edges of a plate and then it cools. At those edges, it becomes dense by
its exposure from the heat and sinks into the earth at an ocean trench. This
starts the formation of volcanoes.

15. What is Radiation?
• Is the least important mode of the heat transport in the Earth.
• The process of heat exchange the Sun and the Earth, through radiation ,
controls the temperatures at the Earth’s surface.
• Inside the earth, radiation is significant only in the hottest parts of the core
and the lower mantle.
• When the land and water become warm in summer, it emits long -
wavelength infrared radiation that is readily absorbed by the atmosphere.
This continues during night time too.

17. Thanks!

18. Prepared by:
Resurreccion, Sharlene A.
Rosas, Roilan Jade A.