This presentations contains introductory to Intermediate topics on Ericsson MKVI SGSNs with great details on HW, SW and platform specific CLI. This can be relevant for Introductory to Advance level of knowledge in SGSN.

1. S-GSN - SERVING GPRSSUPPORT NODE
Mustafa Golam

2. Table of Contents
Architecture
GSA
Board Roles/Details
Sub Systems
Configuration Overview
Subscriber Commands
Main KPIs
AoB

3. SGSNARCHITECTUREOVERVIEW
1 Cabinet
2 Magazines
a Magazine 1
b Magazine 2
c Magazine 3 (optional)
3 PIUs (Plug-In Units)
4 Fan Units
a Fan Unit 1
b Fan Unit 2
c Fan Unit 3 (optional)
5 Fan PIUs
6 Dust Filter
7 PDUs (Power Distribution Units) -48 V
DC
8 Cable Shelf / Air Inlet
a Cable Shelf / Air Inlet 1
b Cable Shelf / Air Inlet 2
c Cable Shelf / Air Inlet 3
(optional)
9 Backplane
Power
Distribution
Units
Blank
Panel
GSN
Magazine
Lower
Fan
GSN
Magazine
Upper
Fan

4. SGSNMKVI, Dual Access

5. Backplane Communication
All processors in the Distributed Processing Environment are
communicating with TCP/UDP/IP.
Each processor has an (at least) IP address assigned for inter-
processor communication.
IP address is assigned via DHCP, Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol.
DHCP server runs on Active NCB or on primary FSB.
Each processor has hostname eqm0Xs0YpZ. E.g. eqm01s14p2.
- X=Magasine Id, 1,2,3
- Y=Slot, 1,2,...,9,a,b,...,15
- Z=Processor, 2

6. GSA– GSNSupport Application
The GSN Support Application ( GSA) contains
functionality for backup and restore and other software
handling in the node.
MKVI: GSA is operated from active NCB or
primary FSB.
GSA is operated with CLI command (not GSH).
GSA is accessed by console port of the board where
GSA is running, or by the O&M network (SSH,
telnet).

7. GSA– GSNSupport Application
GSS is used for
- Initial
Installation
- Backup/Restore
GSS runs services like
- DHCP
- TFTP
- Time
- NFS
- FTP

8. Board Roles
NCB – Node Control Board
- O&M (FM, PM, CM, ...) - Node Supervision
FSB – File and Boot Server
AP – Application Processor- SGSN Traffic Control
(signaling)
DP – Device Processor
- SS7 - E1/T1/Frame Relay
- Payload; Gb stack and GTP-U processing
Router – Router Board
SS7 Front End- Narrow Band, E1/T1
- Broad Band, ATM
- SCTP, SS7/IP

9. 7/21/2017
AP/DPView
AP/L AP/L AP/L AP/C
Payload DPs
SS7 DPs (SS7 device + BE)
Routers
SS7 FEs
Backplane
Connection Data
Connection data
E1/T1 (NB)
ATM (BB)
ATM
Ethernet
SCTP (IP)

10. MKVI Hardware
Additional information for each PIU in MkVI
IBxxv4 RAM 2GB, Dual Core, Diskless
IBENv4 (2 Eth 100/1000Base-T)
IBS7v4 (4xE1/T1 with 2 Sofix connectors)
IBTEv4 (8xE1/T1 with 4 connectors)
IBASv4 (2 ATM/SMF, 2 Eth 10/100/1000Base-T)
FSBv4 only board with Disc (73GB), 1MB Cache
Separated from the NCB
PEBv4 19*100Base-Tx/1000Base-T
2 * 10GBase-CX4 between magazines

11. MKVI Hardware IBENv4
Item IBENv4
Role #1 Control plane execution
Role #2 Payload execution
Operating system
Linux - Role #1
VxWorks 6.3 – Role #2
PM – CPU Dual Core Power PC 8641A @ 1.3 GHz
PM - L2 Cache size 2 * 1 Mbyte @ 1.3 GHz (internal)
PM – Memory 2 GB DDR2
Protocol accelerator PAM Appr. 19K Logic Elements (LE),
PAM usage Supports IPSec and Mobile encryption,
Front ethernet 2 * 100/1000 Mbit/s
Backplane ethernet 2 * 100/1000 Mbit/s
Console connector Micro DSUB 9
Power consumption, typical 50 W
PM
Console
Ethernet
PAM
Ethernet
PMC

12. MKVI Hardware FSBv4
Item File Server Board v4
Role
File Server Board (FSB) -Software
storage, storage of charging
records
Operating System Linux
PM – CPU 7448 – 1.17 GHz
PM - L2 Cache size 1MByte @ 1.17 GHz internal
PM - DRAM Memory 1 GB DDR1
PM - Hard disk SAS 73 GB (Subject to change)
Console Connector Micro-DSUB
Front ethernet 2 * 100/1000 Mbit/s
Backplane Ethernet 2 * 100/1000 Mbit/s
Power Consumption, typical 45 W
PM
Console
Ethernet Ethernet
DISK

13. MKVI Hardware PEBv4
Item Power and Ethernet
Board v4
Role
Delivers power to the other PIU:s in a
magazine, switching the internal
ethernet communication,
Connectors in the front
9 pole micro DSUB connector for FAN
alarm and consol
Ethernet ports in the front
3 ports - 10 Gb/s,
2 ports – 1 Gb/s
Ethernet in the back plane 19 ports - 100/1000 Mb/s
Aggregated switch capacity
(magazine)
204 GB ((3*10+21)*2*2)
Power filter Yes, also surge protection
Power supervision Yes
Power consumption, typical 50 W
Ethernet switch
PMFan alarm
Front Rear
Power filter -48Vsec-48Vprim
Ethernet
Ethernet

14. MkVI– physical interfaces
The same physical interfaces are used in Lab and Production and
they are Gigabit Ethernet ,electrical interfaces.
CoreNet – connects to CE
routers
GnR1 – board 2.14 port 0
GnR2 – board 2.15 port 0
GnR3 – board 3.11 port 0
GnR4 – board 2.12 port 0
Signalling – connects to CE
routers
IuC1 – board 2.11 port 1
IuC2 – board 2.12 port 1
GOM – connects to OAM switch
GomR1 – board 1.6 port 0
GomR2 – board 1.7 port 0
RanNet – connects to CE routers
IuU1 – board 2.11 port 0
IuU2 – board 2.12 port 0
IuU3 – board 2.14 port 1
IuU4 – board 2.15 port 1

15. MkVI – physical interfaces
The same physical interfaces are used in Lab and Production
and they are Gigabit Ethernet ,electrical interfaces.
FSB – connects to Gigabit switch
FSB1 – board 1.17 – port 0
FSB2 – board 1.18 – port 0
Console – connects to Terminal Servers
FSB1 – board 1.17
FSB2 – board 1.18
NCB1 – board 1.19
NCB2 – board 1.20

16. MkVI– FSBv4
Each SGSN-MME on MkVI and later hardware configurations
contains two File Server Boards (FSBs) version 4. One of these FSBs is
active and provides the file server function to the rest of the node. The
other FSB is a standby and must always be ready to take over from the
active FSB in case of a failure.
The FSBv4 is the only board within the system that contains a hard
disk. It handles boot of other boards and shared disk input-output (IO)
services for other boards. The disk storage within an FSBv4 provides a
secure redundant storage when in pair with another FSB.
During normal operation, all modifications of the active FSB disk are
continuously mirrored to the standby FSB using the Distributed
Replicated Block Device (DRBD) application.

17. MkVI– FSBv4
The FSBv4 can have the following roles:
Primary FSB. The primary FSB is the master central
processing unit (CPU) that receives and executes shared
disk IO operations. All data stored on the primary FSB is
mirrored to the secondary FSB directly when receiving IO
operations.
Secondary FSB. This Plug-In Unit (PIU) is a hot standby
to the primary FSB. The secondary FSB is always able to
take over if the primary FSB fails.
After a restore or upgrade the secondary FSB has to
synchronise with the primary. It's important not to interrupt the
disk mirroring, just let it complete. It will take many hours to
complete. See next slide for details.

18. BasicSWArchitecture
WPP
Capella
Business Specific
SGSN-G SGSN-W SGSN-E
MPS MTS UPS EPS
COS MVS CHS CASMSSSIS
LISNCS SDS GSS
GTS
CPS OMS
SSS
There are different OSs
depending on which role a PIU
has.
Linux runs on APs FSBs, NCBs,
and PEBs used in MkV and MkVI
hardware.
VxWorks runs on Device
Processors (DPs) and PIUs with
SS7 Front Ends (FEs), SS7 Back
Ends (BEs), or routers.

19. ApplicationSub Systems
MPS encapsulates SGSN-G specific functionality that
handles GSM specific control procedures, including the RIL-3
protocol.
MTS encapsulates the protocol stack of the Gb interface
(including the protocol layers NS, BSSGP, LLC, SNDCP).
UPS encapsulates SGSN-W specific functionality that
handles W-CDMA specific control procedures, including the
protocols RANAP and RIL-3.
EPS encapsulates MME specific functionality that handles
LTE specific control procedures, including the protocols S1AP
and RIL-3 (NAS).

20. BusinessSpecific Sub Systems
MVS encapsulates the Visitor Location Register function in the
SGSN.
GTS implements the protocol GTP. GTS also implements the MBMS
broadcast feature for W-CDMA.
CHS encapsulates the CDR-based charging function of the SGSN,
producing output of CDRs. (Exception: MSS produces CDRs for SMS,
but these are sent to CHS for output.)
CAS encapsulates the gprsSSF function, being a component in the
CAMEL Service Environment (CSE).
MSS encapsulates transfer of Short Message Service (SMS) messages
through the SGSN (as well as the production of SMS-related CDRs).
COS encapsulates configuration of the network element, routing area
analysis, and QoS based node admission. COS also facilitates
Admission Control towards MPS and UPS regarding SAU/PDP capacity
licenses.
SSS subsystem is a container Event-Based Statistics (EBS).

21. Capella SubSystems
GSS encapsulates control-signaling protocols (SS7),
which are of general usage in telecommunication systems
(i.e. not application specific protocols).
SDS encapsulates support functions for connecting,
maintaining and disconnecting Software Devices in the
Transmission System.
NCS encapsulates functionality that provides application-
independent, multi-processor-related services in a real-time
critical environment.
LIS encapsulates the Lawful Interception function of the
SGSN.

22. WPPSubSystems
OMS encapsulates the functionality for Configuration
Management, Fault Management, Performance Management.
CPS
- DPE encapsulates the support for Distriuted Processing
Environment.
- RTOS encapsulates the support for Solaris, Linux and
VxWorks.
CIS
- Link encapsulates the support for Ethernet, ATM and
E1/T1 drivers.
- Routing encapsulates the support for IP connectivity.

23. Connection
A connection is an internal representation of a subscriber.
A connection is handled by a pair of AP and payload DP.
There are no data on a payload DP for a WCDMA
connection when connection is attached only.
A WCDMA connection has data on a SS7 DP when IuC
connection is established.
Replica data for a connection exists on a backup AP. At loss
of AP the backup AP will take over the handling of the
subscriber.
A connection is identified by its internal id: CID, or external
ids: TLLI, PTMSI, IMSI, MS-ISDN, TEID, etc. IMSI and MS-
ISDN are fixed external identities. TLLI, PTMSI and TEID are
derived identities.

24. AP Environment
AP – Application Processor
The AP environment is run on the GPBs on MKIV,
or IBENv4 running Linux on MKV and MKVI.
The AP environment is executed within OTP (Erlang).
The central AP (AP/C) runs on the active NCB.
The standby AP (AP/S) runs on the passive NCB.
The other APs are denoted local APs (AP/L).

25. DP Environment
The payload devices are co-located and distributed in
two variants
- FR-device, BVC-device, MS-device, GTU-device,
Charging-device and LI-device.
- BVC-device, MS-device, GTU-device, Charging-
device and LI-device.
Only IBTE PIUs, which have physical E1, T1 interfaces,
will get the FR-device distributed.
No FR-devices, BVC-devices and MS-devices are
distributed in a pure WCDMA SGSN, since they are only
used for GSM.

26. BasicIP ConfigurationStructure

27. Service and IP domainInteraction

28. ConfigurationBreakdown
Node Specific Basic Configuration
-Node name, GT, CNID, NRI, DNS, NTP, OSS
-Feature and Node Functions
IP Configuration
-Ethernet Configuration
- VPN Configuration, Gom, CN, IuC, IuU, Gb, Gn
-IP interface Configuration
-Routing Configuration
-IP Service Configuration
Protocol stack and application
-Own SS7 stack configuration, subsystem configuration
- Gb application
-Iu Application
-Gn application

29. ConfigurationBreakdown
Interface configuration
-Gr interface [sigtran]
-IuC interface [Sigtran]
-Gb interface [dynamic]
-RNC configuration
Routing Area
-GSM Routing Area [manual+auto]
-WCDMA Routing Area [
-Coopeating Routing Area
Nodeproperties Parameter and Other services
-Node properties
- CDR properties
-EBM
-Gtrule & IMSI

30. Sample Configuration
SGSN01 Configuration
SGSN02 Configuration
Some Commands
Some More Commands

31. Subscriber Information
There are several methods to get specific subscriber
info.
- gsh get_subscriber
- CDRs
- ECI
- Cxt dump functions on DPs
- Event Recording
- ITC GTP-U/Gb
- Event Based Monitoring
- Erlang Trace per IMSI

32. Get_subscriber
CLI command get_subsriber in gsh shell:
Usage:
get_subscriber -imsi Imsi [-dl 1 | 2]
get_subscriber -msisdn Msisdn [-dl 1 | 2]
get_subscriber -imei Imei [-dl 1 | 2]
get_subscriber -ptmsi Ptmsi [-dl 1 | 2]
get_subscriber -tlli Tlli [-dl 1 | 2]

33. WCDMASubscriber
=== sysadm@eqm01s14p2 ANCB ~ # gsh get_subscriber -imsi 240999800000000 -dl 2
Subscriber Data
----------------------------------------------------------------------
IMSI : 240999800000000
Mobile Subscriber ISDN No. : 463100000000000
IMEI : 123400000000000
Roaming Status : Home
HLR Address : 46990000001
Home PLMN APN Operator Id : mnc021.mcc123.gprs
Subscribed Teleservices : MO/MT SMS
Network Access Mode : Packet/Circuit Switched
Radio Access Technology : UMTS
Mobility Management State : PMM-CONNECTED/PMM-IDLE
Paging Proceed Flag : Set
Routing Area [RAI] : 123-021-5303-30
P-TMSI : 3496595516 (#D069D03C)
MSC/VLR Address : Not Gs connected
Location Confirmed in HLR : true
Data Confirmed by HLR : true
Charging Characteristics :
Charging Characteristics Profile :
Ciphering Algorithm : uea1

34. WCDMASubscriber
Subscribed PDP
Id : 1
Type : IPv4
Address : Dynamic
Quality of service :
allocation/retention priority : level1
delay class : class1
reliability class : Unack: GTP,LLC. Ack: RLC. Protected data
peak throughput (octet/s) : up to 32000
precedence class : high priority
mean throughput (octet/h) : best effort
traffic class : interactive
delivery order : no
delivery of erroneous SDU : no_detect
maximum SDU size (octets) : 1500
maximum bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 2048
maximum bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 4096
residual BER : 1E-6
SDU error ratio : 1E-4
transfer delay (ms) : 150
traffic handling priority : level1
guaranteed bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 64
guaranteed bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 384
VPLMN allowed : false
APN : apn1sgsn350-1.ericsson.com
PDP Charging Characteristics :
PDP Charging Characteristics Profile :

35. WCDMASubscriber
Active PDP
Id : 1
NSAPI : 5
Type requested : IPv4
Address requested : Dynamic
APN requested : apn1sgsn350-1.ericsson.com
Addressing nature : Dynamic
Address in use : 8.16.0.2
APN in use : apn1sgsn350-1.ericsson.com.mnc021.mcc123.gprs
GGSN in use : 10.10.104.49
GTP Version, Gn : GTP-99
GGSN Data Address : 10.10.104.49
RNC Data Address : 210.28.10.3/no RAB established
Direct Tunnel Invoked : false
Quality of service requested :
allocation/retention priority : -
delay class : class1
reliability class : Unack: GTP,LLC. Ack: RLC. Protected data
peak throughput (octet/s) : up to 32000
precedence class : high priority
mean throughput (octet/h) : best effort
traffic class : interactive
delivery order : no
delivery of erroneous SDU : no_detect
maximum SDU size (octets) : 1500
maximum bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 2048
maximum bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 4096
residual BER : 1E-6
SDU error ratio : 1E-4
transfer delay (ms) : 150
traffic handling priority : level1
guaranteed bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 64
guaranteed bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 384

36. WCDMASubscriber
Quality of service negotiated :
allocation/retention priority : level1
delay class : class1
reliability class : Unack: GTP,LLC.
Ack: RLC. Protected data
peak throughput (octet/s) : up to 32000
precedence class : high priority
mean throughput (octet/h) : best effort
traffic class : interactive
delivery order : no
delivery of erroneous SDU : no
maximum SDU size (octets) : 1500
maximum bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 64
maximum bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 384
residual BER : 1E-5
SDU error ratio : 1E-4
transfer delay (ms) : 300
traffic handling priority : level1
guaranteed bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 64
guaranteed bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 384
UL packets, Iu : 600
UL packets, Gn : 600
UL packets, discarded : 0
DL packets, Iu : 10000
DL packets, Gn : 10000
DL packets, discarded : 0

37. GSMSubscriber
=== sysadm@eqm01s14p2 ANCB ~ # gsh get_subscriber -imsi 240999805000000 -dl 2
Subscriber Data
----------------------------------------------------------------------
IMSI : 240999805000000
Mobile Subscriber ISDN No. : 463100005000000
IMEI : 123400050000000
Roaming Status : Home
HLR Address : 46990000001
Home PLMN APN Operator Id : mnc021.mcc123.gprs
Subscribed Teleservices : MO/MT SMS
Network Access Mode : Packet/Circuit Switched
Radio Access Technology : GSM
Mobility Management State : Ready/Standby
Paging Proceed Flag : Set
Routing Area [RAI] : 123-021-5201-20
Cell [CGI] : 123-021-5201-1000
P-TMSI : 4041822746 (#F0E9521A)
MSC/VLR Address : Not Gs connected
Location Confirmed in HLR : true
Data Confirmed by HLR : true
Charging Characteristics :
Charging Characteristics Profile :
Ciphering Algorithm : gea3
NSEI : 4201
BVCI : 1000
MS Bucket :
MS Bucket Counter (octets) : 1519
MS Bucket Level (percent) : 3
MS Bucket Leak Rate (octets/sec) : 256000
BVC Bucket :
BVC Bucket Counter (octets) : 1519
BVC Bucket Level (percent) : 3
BVC Bucket Leak Rate (octets/sec) : 768000
Default MS Bucket Size (octets) : 50000 octets
Default MS Bucket Leak Rate (octets/sec) : 256000 octets/sec

38. GSMSubscriber
Subscribed PDP
Id : 1
Type : IPv4
Address : Dynamic
Quality of service :
allocation/retention priority : level1
delay class : class1
reliability class : Unack: GTP,LLC. Ack: RLC. Protected data
peak throughput (octet/s) : up to 16000
precedence class : high priority
mean throughput (octet/h) : best effort
traffic class : interactive
delivery order : no
delivery of erroneous SDU : no_detect
maximum SDU size (octets) : 1500
maximum bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 512
maximum bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 512
residual BER : 1E-6
SDU error ratio : 1E-4
transfer delay (ms) : 150
traffic handling priority : level1
guaranteed bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 64
guaranteed bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 128
VPLMN allowed : false
APN : apn1sgsn350-1.ericsson.com
PDP Charging Characteristics :
PDP Charging Characteristics Profile :

39. GSMSubscriber
Active PDP
Id : 1
NSAPI : 5
Type requested : IPv4
Address requested : Dynamic
APN requested : apn1sgsn350-1.ericsson.com
Addressing nature : Dynamic
Address in use : 8.16.0.3
APN in use : apn1sgsn350-1.ericsson.com.mnc021.mcc123.gprs
GGSN in use : 10.10.104.49
GTP Version, Gn : GTP-99
GGSN Data Address : 10.10.104.49
Quality of service requested :
allocation/retention priority : -
delay class : class1
reliability class : Unack: GTP,LLC. Ack: RLC. Protected data
peak throughput (octet/s) : up to 16000
precedence class : high priority
mean throughput (octet/h) : best effort
traffic class : interactive
delivery order : no
delivery of erroneous SDU : no_detect
maximum SDU size (octets) : 1500
maximum bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 512
maximum bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 512
residual BER : 1E-6
SDU error ratio : 1E-4
transfer delay (ms) : 150
traffic handling priority : level1
guaranteed bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 64
guaranteed bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 128

40. GSMSubscriber
Quality of service negotiated :
allocation/retention priority : level1
delay class : class1
reliability class : Unack: GTP,LLC. Ack: RLC. Protected data
peak throughput (octet/s) : up to 16000
precedence class : high priority
mean throughput (octet/h) : best effort
traffic class : interactive
delivery order : no
delivery of erroneous SDU : no
maximum SDU size (octets) : 1400
maximum bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 64
maximum bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 128
residual BER : 1E-5
SDU error ratio : 1E-4
transfer delay (ms) : 300
traffic handling priority : level1
guaranteed bit rate for uplink (kbps) : 64
guaranteed bit rate for downlink (kbps) : 128
UL packets, Gn : 11
UL packets, discarded : 0
DL packets, Gn : 10
DL packets, discarded : 0
SNDCP Send N-PDU Number : 10
N201-U (LLC max frame size) : 1404
Gb, payload state : NO DELAY
PFC Bucket :
PFC Bucket Counter (octets) : 0
PFC Bucket Level (percent) : 0
PFC Bucket Leak Rate (octets/s) : 0

41. GSMPayloadState
Scheduling State:
Gb, payload state : <STATE>
The following payload states are available:
NO DELAY
The context is created but has not yet got a uplink packet and a cellID
The cellID on the context is not known by the BSSGP layer in SGSN
The BSS CELL bucket is full
The BSS has blocked the cell
The cell has no transfer capability
The BSS MS bucket is full
The MS has no radio contact
The MS has supended GPRS
The SAPI is not idle
The SGSN has supended GPRS
The BSS PFC bucket is full

42. Subscriber TracefromCDR
CDRs can be decoded with TTX command deasn.
deasn9 -b -a cdrr6 chsLog.123
sgsnPDPRecord
recordType 18'D
servedIMSI 240999805000000F'TBCD
servedIMEI 1234000500000001'TBCD
servedMSISDN 19463100005000000F'TBCD
sgsnAddress
iPBinV4Address 0A0A0BC1'H
chargingID 2300000003'D
ggsnAddressUsed
iPBinV4Address 0A0A6831'H //10.10.104.49
apnSelectionMode 0'D
pdpType F121'H
servedPDPAddress
iPAddress
iPBinV4Address 08100003'H

43. Subscriber TracefromCDR
chargingCharacteristics 0000'H
chChSelectionMode 3'D
dynamicAddressFlag 1'D
msNetworkCapability F7E0'H
nodeID "sgsn350"'S
accessPointNameNI "apn1sgsn350-1.ericsson.com"'S
accessPointNameOI "mnc021.mcc123.gprs"'S
rATType 2'D
recordOpeningTime 0906291055442B0200'H
duration 594'D
causeForRecClosing 0'D
listOfTrafficVolumes
changeOfCharCondition
qosRequested 000B511F71964048843D4048'H
qosNegotiated 010B511F738C404874494048'H
dataVolumeGPRSUplink 908'D
dataVolumeGPRSDownlink 15000'D
changeCondition 2'D
changeTime 0906291105382B0200'H
routingArea 14'H
locationAreaCode 1451'H
cellIdentifier 03E8'H
localSequenceNumber 0'D

44. Subscriber TracefromCDR
chargingCharacteristics 0000'H
dynamicAddressFlag 1'D
msNetworkCapability F7E0'H
nodeID "sgsn350"'S
chChSelectionMode 3'D
accessPointNameNI "apn1sgsn350-1.ericsson.com"'S
accessPointNameOI "mnc021.mcc123.gprs"'S
rATType 2'D
recordOpeningTime 0906291055442B0200'H
duration 594'D
causeForRecClosing 0'D
listOfTrafficVolumes
changeOfCharCondition
qosRequested 000B511F71964048843D4048'H
qosNegotiated 010B511F738C404874494048'H
dataVolumeGPRSUplink 908'D
dataVolumeGPRSDownlink 15000'D
changeCondition 2'D
changeTime 0906291105382B0200'H
routingArea 14'H
locationAreaCode 1451'H
cellIdentifier 03E8'H
localSequenceNumber 0'D

45. Cause for CDR recordClosing
normalRelease (0)
abnormalRelease (4),
cAMELInitCallRelease (5),
volumeLimit (16),
timeLimit (17),
sGSNChange (18),
maxChangeCond (19),
managementIntervention (20),
pLMNChange (101)
cancel location - subscription withdrawn (0)
delete subscriber (0)

46. Subscriber Traceby eci commands
Supported commands are:
- stats Displays connection statistics for SGSN
- dist Displays distribution of connections over APs
- list Prints a list of subscribers in SGSN
- details Prints connection details for a given subscriber
- help Displays instructions
Use eci help <Command> for detailed syntax of individual commands.

47. eci stats
This is eci version 1.0.0 operating on an SGSN ‘13A-00-00)' (WG).
SGSN-G connection statistics:
- 173919 SGSN-G connections active ( 55.19 %).
- 117236 SGSN-G connections attached ( 37.20 %).
- 21528 SGSN-G connections idle ( 6.83 %).
- 2426 SGSN-G connections unstable ( 0.83 %)*.
---------------------------------------------
- 315109 SGSN-G connections in total.
SGSN-W connection statistics:
- 87894 SGSN-W connections active ( 54.97 %).
- 59493 SGSN-W connections attached ( 37.21 %).
- 11164 SGSN-W connections idle ( 6.98 %).
- 1329 SGSN-W connections unstable ( 0.89 %)*.
---------------------------------------------
- 159880 SGSN-W connections in total.
MBMS connection statistics:
- 0 MBMS connections active ( - %).
- 0 MBMS connections attached ( - %).
- 0 MBMS connections idle ( - %).
- 0 MBMS connections unstable ( - %)*.
---------------------------------------------
- 0 MBMS connections in total.

48. eci dist
This is eci version 1.0.0 operating on an SGSN ‘13A-00-00)' (WG).
Distribution of SGSN-G connections over GPBs:
GPB active attached idle unstable total replica
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.13.2.1 43585 29298 5474 605 78962 ( 25.0 %) 72820 ( 24.8 %)
1.14.2.1 43459 29331 5560 588 78938 ( 25.0 %) 73593 ( 25.1 %)
1.15.2.1 43571 29546 5652 607 79376 ( 25.1 %) 73291 ( 25.0 %)
1.16.2.1 43288 29171 5404 571 78434 ( 24.8 %) 73532 ( 25.1 %)
1.19.2.1 0 0 0 0 0 ( 0.0 %) 0 ( 0.0 %)
1.20.2.1 0 0 0 0 0 ( 0.0 %) 0 ( 0.0 %)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sum 173903 117346 22090 2371 315710 293236
Distribution of SGSN-W connections over GPBs:
GPB active attached idle unstable total replica
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1.13.2.1 21875 15134 2866 310 40185 ( 25.1 %) 36709 ( 24.7 %)
1.14.2.1 22052 14659 2876 293 39880 ( 24.9 %) 37190 ( 25.0 %)
1.15.2.1 21923 14975 2831 344 40073 ( 25.0 %) 37158 ( 25.0 %)
1.16.2.1 22098 14793 2884 345 40120 ( 25.0 %) 37709 ( 25.3 %)
1.19.2.1 0 0 0 0 0 ( 0.0 %) 0 ( 0.0 %)
1.20.2.1 0 0 0 0 0 ( 0.0 %) 0 ( 0.0 %)
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sum 87948 59561 11457 1292 160258 148766
Distribution of MBMS connections over GPBs:

49. eci list
eci list [-l Limit| -all] [-idle|-attached|-active
eci list -all -idle > idle.txt
eci list -all -attached > attach.txt
eci list -all -active > active.txt
eci list -all -unstable > unstable.txt
eci list -l 500 -active > active.txt
SGSN-G connection details:
IMSI MSISDN TLLI(s) State Cid Local AP Replica AP DP
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
240999805007295 463100005007295 8031A179 active 82755 1.15.2.1 1.13.2.1 1.12.2.1
+ C031A179
SGSN-W connection details:
IMSI MSISDN P-TMSI State Cid Local AP Replica AP DP
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
240999800001174 463100000001174 F0918F01 active 73502 1.16.2.1 1.15.2.1 1.11.2.1

50. eci details
eci details -cid Cid | -imsi IMSI | -msisdn MSISDN |
-tlli TLLI | -ptmsi PTMSI | -tmgi TMGI
eci details -imsi 240999805016596
SGSN-G Connection data:
- Cid : 77983
- State : active
External IDs
- IMSI : 240999805016596
- MSISDN : 463100005016596
- IMEI : 123400050165960
- TLLI(s) : 90314F46
D0314F46
Connection located on
- Local AP : 1.14.2.1
- Replica AP : 1.15.2.1
- MS device : 1.12.2.1
Dynamic TC worker is parked
->ok

51. SGSNLog Files
ISP log
-block/deblock, hw loss/gain, restart, SAU PDP mesurement
Ringbufs
-Processor wise memory log
Alarms/Events Logs
-historical alarm & events
Mobility and Session Logs
-Attach & PDP activation failure log
OMS Logs
- The OMS_SM_Log is used for logging of O&M service requests.
Monitoring Logs
- characteristics measurements from all APs
SS7 Trace Log
- Contains trace printouts from the SS7 sub system.
Session Resilience Logs
-Logging at start, restart and AP/DP Take Overs
NSE Owner Logs
-New IP NSE/Lost IP NSE/New GbFr NSE/Deleted GbFr NSE, DP loss/Gain

52. MainKPIs

53. Further Study
3GPP Documentation
ERLANG Solutions
YouTube
The Ericsson SGSN/MME, over a Decade of Erlang Success
Google

54. When you’re confused
Q??