Sex Discrimination and Low Girl Birth are the Emerging issues of Sex Ratio & Child Sex Ratio (CSR) in Andhra Pradesh, evidence from Census and Civil & Sample Registration Systems
This document discusses the declining child sex ratio (CSR) in Andhra Pradesh, India based on census and survey data. Some key points:
- The CSR in Andhra Pradesh has declined sharply from 961 in 2001 to 939 in 2011, indicating a strong preference for sons.
- Factors contributing to the skewed CSR include son preference for social and economic reasons, like inheritance and old age support. This has led to increased sex-selective abortions.
- While the overall sex ratio in Andhra Pradesh and India has improved slightly over time, the CSR has mostly declined since the early 20th century, with a few exceptions like 2001-2011 when government policies aimed to improve the ratio.
The document discusses the declining sex ratio in India and factors contributing to it such as son preference, small family norms, and the use of prenatal diagnostic techniques for sex-selective abortions. Some key points:
- The 2011 Indian census found a sex ratio of 933 females per 1000 males, representing a deficit of around 35 million women.
- Son preference stemming from social and economic factors has resulted in the neglect, abuse and killing of girls in parts of India.
- The use of technologies like amniocentesis and ultrasound for sex determination has led to widespread sex-selective abortions, especially in states with high son preference.
- This has contributed to 60 lakh (6 million) missing girls
The sex ratio in India refers to the number of females per 1000 males. The 2011 census found a sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males, representing an increase from 2001 which was 933 females per 1000 males. However, some states have much lower sex ratios, with Haryana having the lowest of 877 females per 1000 males. The major cause of the declining sex ratio is considered to be the violent treatment of girls at birth and the prevalence of sex-selective abortion. While some initiatives have helped to increase the ratio, a more comprehensive approach is needed to promote gender equality and ban sex-selective practices.
The document discusses the rooted problem of gender discrimination and ignorance towards women's empowerment in India. It summarizes that:
1) India remains a male-dominated society where women are often seen as subordinate and inferior, despite some opportunities for women in everyday life, business, and politics.
2) Discrimination against females begins from birth and continues throughout their lives, whether it be in access to healthcare, education, child marriage practices, or other spheres.
3) Overcoming these deep-rooted issues requires recognizing domains of work like capabilities, access to resources and opportunities, and security from violence, as well as leadership, political will, and strategic efforts to change societal mindsets and institutions over
Our concern is with the sex ratio in infancy and childhood, and we use this in order to examine the magnitude and implications
of gender imbalance. More precisely, our focus in this paper is on the sex ratio (defined as the number of males per 100 females) from birth to 6 years of age—we shall refer to it simply as the child sex ratio (CSR). The narrowness of our focus has two advantages. First, whereas the overall population sex ratio is a complex aggregate that depends on many factors, the natural determinants of the child sex ratio are more limited, allowing us a cleaner analysis. Second, it is this ratio that is liable to be affected by selective abortions, whereas the population sex ratio moves only a little with these new developments.
HLEG thematic workshop on Measurement of Well Being and Development in Africa...StatsCommunications
HLEG thematic workshop on Measurement of Well Being and Development in Africa, 12-14 November 2015, Durban, South Africa, More information at: www.oecd.org/statistics/measuring-economic-social-progress
The document discusses son preference in India and its implications. It summarizes a study by Rohini Pande of the International Center for Research on Women that addressed three questions: 1) What does a culture of son preference mean for the health and care of girls? 2) How strong is the ideology of son preference in India? 3) What factors exacerbate or diminish its strength? The study used National Family Health Survey data to find that son preference has negative implications for the treatment and well-being of girls, exhibiting the strength of son preference ideology in India. Certain social and economic factors were found to strengthen son preference.
This document summarizes an evaluation of child marriage interventions in Ethiopia's Amhara region. It finds that the interventions, which included school-based programs, community mobilization, and advocacy, increased adolescents' exposure to information about early marriage. Those with greater exposure were more likely to correctly identify the legal marriage age and less likely to have participated in marriage processes or had underage marriages blessed by religious leaders. The evaluation recommends disseminating results in Amharic and English to inform ongoing program and policy efforts to address the high prevalence of child marriage in the region.
Determinants of declining child sex ratio in rajasthanAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study examining the determinants of declining child sex ratios in Rajasthan, India using census and survey data from 1991-2011. The key findings are:
1) Child sex ratios in Rajasthan have declined sharply over the last two decades, falling from 909 in 2001 to 883 in 2011.
2) Pooled OLS regression analysis found that a one percentage point increase in male literacy is associated with a 0.14% reduction in child sex ratio on average across districts.
3) Quantile regression found male literacy has an insignificant effect on lower child sex ratios but a larger negative effect on higher ratios, while female literacy and access to drinking water have a positive effect
The document discusses the declining sex ratio in India and factors contributing to it such as son preference, small family norms, and the use of prenatal diagnostic techniques for sex-selective abortions. Some key points:
- The 2011 Indian census found a sex ratio of 933 females per 1000 males, representing a deficit of around 35 million women.
- Son preference stemming from social and economic factors has resulted in the neglect, abuse and killing of girls in parts of India.
- The use of technologies like amniocentesis and ultrasound for sex determination has led to widespread sex-selective abortions, especially in states with high son preference.
- This has contributed to 60 lakh (6 million) missing girls
The sex ratio in India refers to the number of females per 1000 males. The 2011 census found a sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males, representing an increase from 2001 which was 933 females per 1000 males. However, some states have much lower sex ratios, with Haryana having the lowest of 877 females per 1000 males. The major cause of the declining sex ratio is considered to be the violent treatment of girls at birth and the prevalence of sex-selective abortion. While some initiatives have helped to increase the ratio, a more comprehensive approach is needed to promote gender equality and ban sex-selective practices.
The document discusses the rooted problem of gender discrimination and ignorance towards women's empowerment in India. It summarizes that:
1) India remains a male-dominated society where women are often seen as subordinate and inferior, despite some opportunities for women in everyday life, business, and politics.
2) Discrimination against females begins from birth and continues throughout their lives, whether it be in access to healthcare, education, child marriage practices, or other spheres.
3) Overcoming these deep-rooted issues requires recognizing domains of work like capabilities, access to resources and opportunities, and security from violence, as well as leadership, political will, and strategic efforts to change societal mindsets and institutions over
Our concern is with the sex ratio in infancy and childhood, and we use this in order to examine the magnitude and implications
of gender imbalance. More precisely, our focus in this paper is on the sex ratio (defined as the number of males per 100 females) from birth to 6 years of age—we shall refer to it simply as the child sex ratio (CSR). The narrowness of our focus has two advantages. First, whereas the overall population sex ratio is a complex aggregate that depends on many factors, the natural determinants of the child sex ratio are more limited, allowing us a cleaner analysis. Second, it is this ratio that is liable to be affected by selective abortions, whereas the population sex ratio moves only a little with these new developments.
HLEG thematic workshop on Measurement of Well Being and Development in Africa...StatsCommunications
HLEG thematic workshop on Measurement of Well Being and Development in Africa, 12-14 November 2015, Durban, South Africa, More information at: www.oecd.org/statistics/measuring-economic-social-progress
The document discusses son preference in India and its implications. It summarizes a study by Rohini Pande of the International Center for Research on Women that addressed three questions: 1) What does a culture of son preference mean for the health and care of girls? 2) How strong is the ideology of son preference in India? 3) What factors exacerbate or diminish its strength? The study used National Family Health Survey data to find that son preference has negative implications for the treatment and well-being of girls, exhibiting the strength of son preference ideology in India. Certain social and economic factors were found to strengthen son preference.
This document summarizes an evaluation of child marriage interventions in Ethiopia's Amhara region. It finds that the interventions, which included school-based programs, community mobilization, and advocacy, increased adolescents' exposure to information about early marriage. Those with greater exposure were more likely to correctly identify the legal marriage age and less likely to have participated in marriage processes or had underage marriages blessed by religious leaders. The evaluation recommends disseminating results in Amharic and English to inform ongoing program and policy efforts to address the high prevalence of child marriage in the region.
Determinants of declining child sex ratio in rajasthanAlexander Decker
This document summarizes a study examining the determinants of declining child sex ratios in Rajasthan, India using census and survey data from 1991-2011. The key findings are:
1) Child sex ratios in Rajasthan have declined sharply over the last two decades, falling from 909 in 2001 to 883 in 2011.
2) Pooled OLS regression analysis found that a one percentage point increase in male literacy is associated with a 0.14% reduction in child sex ratio on average across districts.
3) Quantile regression found male literacy has an insignificant effect on lower child sex ratios but a larger negative effect on higher ratios, while female literacy and access to drinking water have a positive effect
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males and is an important social indicator of gender equity. India's sex ratio has declined over time and is currently below 1000 females per 1000 males in many states according to the 2001 Census. This decline is due to a preference for sons over daughters which has led to female infanticide and sex-selective abortions of over 2000 unborn girls per day in India. Addressing this imbalance requires educating women, changing social attitudes towards daughters, enforcing laws against sex determination, and implementing government programs to support families with girls.
This document outlines a research project on underage marriages in Pakistan. It includes an abstract, acknowledgements, introduction reviewing background and defining the problem, a literature review on the issue, methodology describing research tools and methods used, an analysis of the data and discussion of key findings. It concludes with recommendations to address underage marriages and references literature and data sources. Appendices include questionnaires used in surveys, graphs of survey results, and interview questions asked to individuals involved in the issue.
FINALMapping of Child Marriage Initiatives in South AsiaCarol Boender
This document summarizes regional and country-level initiatives to end child marriage in South Asia. At the regional level, it outlines the South Asia Initiative to End Violence Against Children (SAIEVAC), which aims to prevent child marriage through legal reforms, education access, changing social norms, and supporting married girls. It also mentions the Kathmandu Call for Action and the South Asian Coordinating Group on action against violence against children. The summary then provides an overview of key child marriage programs and policies implemented in each South Asian country. It concludes by classifying the strategies used across initiatives.
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in a population. In India, the 2001 census found a sex ratio of 933 females per 1000 males, a slight increase from 927 in 1991. However, Gujarat saw a decline in its child sex ratio from 923 in 1991 to 883 in 2001 according to the census. The decline in child sex ratio is due to factors like neglect of females resulting in higher mortality, female infanticide, and female feticide which stem from a societal obsession for sons and discrimination against girls.
The document lists the professional accomplishments and positions held by Dr. Laxmi Shrikhande, including being Chairperson Elect of ICOG, National Corresponding Editor of JOGI, and founder of various organizations. It then discusses gender-based violence against females in the womb in India through practices like female feticide and infanticide due to a strong son preference. It notes the social, economic, and religious factors that contribute to this issue, as well as efforts made through laws and policies to address prenatal sex selection and promote the education and welfare of girls in India.
Overpopulation is a major problem in Pakistan, where the high birth rate outpaces the death rate. This is caused by factors like lack of education, desire for male children, polygamy, and early marriages. Overpopulation leads to increased poverty, unemployment, and health and environmental issues due to scarce resources being strained by the large population. To control overpopulation, awareness must be raised about the benefits of family planning and small family norms through education and media campaigns. Religious leaders should also encourage controlling family size.
The document discusses population trends in several countries. It notes that India had a population of 1.189 billion in 2010, accounting for 17% of the world's population. Contraception is used to manage growth, though opinions vary across cultures. China had over 1.3 billion people in 2010 after becoming the first country to exceed 1 billion, and implemented a one-child policy leading to gender imbalance issues. Japan has an aging population due to low birth rates and high life expectancy, which could strain economic and social resources.
The document discusses the skewed sex ratio in Haryana, India, which has declined further according to the latest 2011 census. Haryana has one of the lowest child sex ratios in India at 830 females per 1000 males. Two districts in Haryana, Jhajjar and Mahendragarh, have child sex ratios even lower at 774 and 778 females respectively. While overall sex ratio has improved slightly nationwide, the preference for sons over daughters in Haryana and other states has led to widespread female foeticide resulting in fewer girls. This skewed sex ratio is projected to have serious social consequences if not addressed.
Role of Bhutanese Women towards Socio-Economic Development: A Case of Chapcha...Pema Namgyel
1) The study assessed the role of women in socio-economic development in rural Bhutan using data collected from 76 households in Chapcha Gewog.
2) It found that women play a significant role in agriculture, livestock, trading, and household activities. In agriculture, over 40% of women contribute about half the effort, and most decisions are made equally between men and women.
3) In livestock, over a quarter of women contribute about three-quarters of the effort, though they participate less in decision-making. Women's participation varies depending on the number of women and size of landholding in their family.
4) The study concludes rural women play an important role in rural development, though men are often
The document discusses demography and population trends in the Philippines. It notes that the Philippines population grew from 48 million in 1980 to over 57 million in 1987, and was projected to reach 69.9 million by 2000. This rapid population growth leads to issues like insufficient food and housing, increased unemployment, and neglect of children from large families. Controlling population growth through family planning programs is seen as a way to address some of these problems. Private and public agencies in the Philippines have implemented family planning and population control programs, though participation was not widespread until supported by the government.
The document discusses population growth trends and policies to manage population. It describes the 5 stages of demographic transition where birth and death rates change as countries develop. Rapid population growth can strain resources and the environment, so policies aim to slow growth through birth control, limiting family size (as in China's one-child policy), and redistributing populations (as Indonesia did). Ageing populations in developed countries require policies like raising retirement ages and taxes to support more retirees relying on fewer workers. Overall population policies aim to balance resources between generations for sustainable development.
1. The document discusses the status of women in Uttar Pradesh, India, focusing on issues like literacy, health, political participation, and more.
2. It finds that literacy rates and school enrollment for women and girls in Uttar Pradesh significantly trail those of men, with high dropout rates for girls. Factors like domestic responsibilities hamper girls' education.
3. Despite some positive government initiatives, the overall condition and empowerment of women in the state remains poor according to various social and economic indicators. Large disparities exist between urban and rural areas as well as across districts. More efforts are needed to improve women's access to education, resources, and decision making power.
The document discusses sex ratios in India and around the world. It provides statistics showing that India has a low sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males according to the 2011 census, ranking 192nd globally. Some potential factors contributing to India's low ratio are social preferences for sons, sex-selective abortion, and female infanticide. The government has implemented programs to improve the ratio, such as banning sex determination and empowering women.
China's one-child policy, implemented in 1980, aimed to slow population growth and boost economic development. However, the policy has resulted in significant social and economic costs, including a rapidly aging population, an imbalanced sex ratio due to preference for sons, and inadequate support for the elderly. While the policy succeeded in reducing fertility, some argue that economic reforms and social changes, not just the policy, contributed to lower birth rates. As the costs rise, many believe China should amend the policy and allow all couples to have two children.
This document summarizes a study on female foeticide in rural villages in Haryana, India. The researchers interviewed over 1,000 women who had pregnancy outcomes in the last five years across six villages. They found that sex determination tests were being used to selectively abort female fetuses. Parents were found to strategically plan the sex of their children based on birth order and the sex of existing children, aiming to have at least one son. While the technology enabled smaller family sizes, it reinforced patriarchal values by disproportionately valuing sons over daughters.
Down with low child sex ratio challenges aheadGulrukh Hashmi
The document discusses India's declining child sex ratio and the challenges posed by it. It defines child sex ratio and outlines trends over time and across states, showing a decline nationally from 927 to 914 girls per 1000 boys between 2001-2011. The decline is attributed to son preference, the economic burden of dowry, and sex-selective abortions. Impacts include millions fewer girls and potential issues like violence, trafficking, and social instability. Solutions discussed include promoting girls' education and status, enforcing laws against sex determination and female foeticide, and addressing underlying social and economic factors contributing to son preference.
Rooted problem of gender discrimination and immense ignoranceAditi Sinha
The document discusses various issues related to women empowerment in India, including gender discrimination, female literacy rates, women's health issues, and crimes against women like dowry deaths and rape. It notes that while India has made progress in many areas, gender discrimination persists in many parts of society and mindsets. Female literacy rates and access to healthcare vary greatly between states and regions of India. The document calls for initiatives to improve education for girls, healthcare access for women, and safety measures to protect women from crimes.
Gender Imbalance in India Causes and Emerging Issuesijtsrd
The provisional data of 2011 Census has once again highlighted the problem of severe sex imbalance in the country, especially in 0 6 age group. According to Census of 2011, the sex ratio in 0 6 year’s age group has declined to 914 females per 1000 males as compared to 927 in 2001. It shows an increasing trend of male preference as compared to female in the last decade. The phenomenon of son preference is coupled with death of young females due to lack of medical care, under nutrition, female infanticide, and sex selective abortions. Sen 1992, 2003 first addressed the disturbing trend by highlighting that millions of females in India are missing because of widespread neglect in health care, nutrition and prenatal care. The steep decline in sex ratio in northern and western states is a cause of worry. Technological developments permitting sex selective abortions have seriously aggravated sex imbalance in these states. The trend of rapid decline in sex ratio has given rise to serious social, demographic and cultural problems. This present paper attempts to explain the causes for gender imbalance and its implications on the society as a whole. Chandrakant N. Kokate "Gender Imbalance in India: Causes and Emerging Issues" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd34696.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/financial-economics/34696/gender-imbalance-in-india-causes-and-emerging-issues/chandrakant-n-kokate
Project Report on "Women Safety and Empowerment"Abhishek Suman
The document proposes a new system to improve women's safety and empowerment in India through a joint venture between government and NGOs. It would feature a four-tier structure from the national to village level, with women-led departments and committees. Key roles would include conducting surveys, implementing awareness programs, and efficiently addressing crimes and social issues faced by women. The new model aims to directly involve women at all levels to better understand and resolve their challenges within the legal framework.
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males and is an important social indicator of gender equity. India's sex ratio has declined over time and is currently below 1000 females per 1000 males in many states according to the 2001 Census. This decline is due to a preference for sons over daughters which has led to female infanticide and sex-selective abortions of over 2000 unborn girls per day in India. Addressing this imbalance requires educating women, changing social attitudes towards daughters, enforcing laws against sex determination, and implementing government programs to support families with girls.
This document outlines a research project on underage marriages in Pakistan. It includes an abstract, acknowledgements, introduction reviewing background and defining the problem, a literature review on the issue, methodology describing research tools and methods used, an analysis of the data and discussion of key findings. It concludes with recommendations to address underage marriages and references literature and data sources. Appendices include questionnaires used in surveys, graphs of survey results, and interview questions asked to individuals involved in the issue.
FINALMapping of Child Marriage Initiatives in South AsiaCarol Boender
This document summarizes regional and country-level initiatives to end child marriage in South Asia. At the regional level, it outlines the South Asia Initiative to End Violence Against Children (SAIEVAC), which aims to prevent child marriage through legal reforms, education access, changing social norms, and supporting married girls. It also mentions the Kathmandu Call for Action and the South Asian Coordinating Group on action against violence against children. The summary then provides an overview of key child marriage programs and policies implemented in each South Asian country. It concludes by classifying the strategies used across initiatives.
Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in a population. In India, the 2001 census found a sex ratio of 933 females per 1000 males, a slight increase from 927 in 1991. However, Gujarat saw a decline in its child sex ratio from 923 in 1991 to 883 in 2001 according to the census. The decline in child sex ratio is due to factors like neglect of females resulting in higher mortality, female infanticide, and female feticide which stem from a societal obsession for sons and discrimination against girls.
The document lists the professional accomplishments and positions held by Dr. Laxmi Shrikhande, including being Chairperson Elect of ICOG, National Corresponding Editor of JOGI, and founder of various organizations. It then discusses gender-based violence against females in the womb in India through practices like female feticide and infanticide due to a strong son preference. It notes the social, economic, and religious factors that contribute to this issue, as well as efforts made through laws and policies to address prenatal sex selection and promote the education and welfare of girls in India.
Overpopulation is a major problem in Pakistan, where the high birth rate outpaces the death rate. This is caused by factors like lack of education, desire for male children, polygamy, and early marriages. Overpopulation leads to increased poverty, unemployment, and health and environmental issues due to scarce resources being strained by the large population. To control overpopulation, awareness must be raised about the benefits of family planning and small family norms through education and media campaigns. Religious leaders should also encourage controlling family size.
The document discusses population trends in several countries. It notes that India had a population of 1.189 billion in 2010, accounting for 17% of the world's population. Contraception is used to manage growth, though opinions vary across cultures. China had over 1.3 billion people in 2010 after becoming the first country to exceed 1 billion, and implemented a one-child policy leading to gender imbalance issues. Japan has an aging population due to low birth rates and high life expectancy, which could strain economic and social resources.
The document discusses the skewed sex ratio in Haryana, India, which has declined further according to the latest 2011 census. Haryana has one of the lowest child sex ratios in India at 830 females per 1000 males. Two districts in Haryana, Jhajjar and Mahendragarh, have child sex ratios even lower at 774 and 778 females respectively. While overall sex ratio has improved slightly nationwide, the preference for sons over daughters in Haryana and other states has led to widespread female foeticide resulting in fewer girls. This skewed sex ratio is projected to have serious social consequences if not addressed.
Role of Bhutanese Women towards Socio-Economic Development: A Case of Chapcha...Pema Namgyel
1) The study assessed the role of women in socio-economic development in rural Bhutan using data collected from 76 households in Chapcha Gewog.
2) It found that women play a significant role in agriculture, livestock, trading, and household activities. In agriculture, over 40% of women contribute about half the effort, and most decisions are made equally between men and women.
3) In livestock, over a quarter of women contribute about three-quarters of the effort, though they participate less in decision-making. Women's participation varies depending on the number of women and size of landholding in their family.
4) The study concludes rural women play an important role in rural development, though men are often
The document discusses demography and population trends in the Philippines. It notes that the Philippines population grew from 48 million in 1980 to over 57 million in 1987, and was projected to reach 69.9 million by 2000. This rapid population growth leads to issues like insufficient food and housing, increased unemployment, and neglect of children from large families. Controlling population growth through family planning programs is seen as a way to address some of these problems. Private and public agencies in the Philippines have implemented family planning and population control programs, though participation was not widespread until supported by the government.
The document discusses population growth trends and policies to manage population. It describes the 5 stages of demographic transition where birth and death rates change as countries develop. Rapid population growth can strain resources and the environment, so policies aim to slow growth through birth control, limiting family size (as in China's one-child policy), and redistributing populations (as Indonesia did). Ageing populations in developed countries require policies like raising retirement ages and taxes to support more retirees relying on fewer workers. Overall population policies aim to balance resources between generations for sustainable development.
1. The document discusses the status of women in Uttar Pradesh, India, focusing on issues like literacy, health, political participation, and more.
2. It finds that literacy rates and school enrollment for women and girls in Uttar Pradesh significantly trail those of men, with high dropout rates for girls. Factors like domestic responsibilities hamper girls' education.
3. Despite some positive government initiatives, the overall condition and empowerment of women in the state remains poor according to various social and economic indicators. Large disparities exist between urban and rural areas as well as across districts. More efforts are needed to improve women's access to education, resources, and decision making power.
The document discusses sex ratios in India and around the world. It provides statistics showing that India has a low sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males according to the 2011 census, ranking 192nd globally. Some potential factors contributing to India's low ratio are social preferences for sons, sex-selective abortion, and female infanticide. The government has implemented programs to improve the ratio, such as banning sex determination and empowering women.
China's one-child policy, implemented in 1980, aimed to slow population growth and boost economic development. However, the policy has resulted in significant social and economic costs, including a rapidly aging population, an imbalanced sex ratio due to preference for sons, and inadequate support for the elderly. While the policy succeeded in reducing fertility, some argue that economic reforms and social changes, not just the policy, contributed to lower birth rates. As the costs rise, many believe China should amend the policy and allow all couples to have two children.
This document summarizes a study on female foeticide in rural villages in Haryana, India. The researchers interviewed over 1,000 women who had pregnancy outcomes in the last five years across six villages. They found that sex determination tests were being used to selectively abort female fetuses. Parents were found to strategically plan the sex of their children based on birth order and the sex of existing children, aiming to have at least one son. While the technology enabled smaller family sizes, it reinforced patriarchal values by disproportionately valuing sons over daughters.
Down with low child sex ratio challenges aheadGulrukh Hashmi
The document discusses India's declining child sex ratio and the challenges posed by it. It defines child sex ratio and outlines trends over time and across states, showing a decline nationally from 927 to 914 girls per 1000 boys between 2001-2011. The decline is attributed to son preference, the economic burden of dowry, and sex-selective abortions. Impacts include millions fewer girls and potential issues like violence, trafficking, and social instability. Solutions discussed include promoting girls' education and status, enforcing laws against sex determination and female foeticide, and addressing underlying social and economic factors contributing to son preference.
Rooted problem of gender discrimination and immense ignoranceAditi Sinha
The document discusses various issues related to women empowerment in India, including gender discrimination, female literacy rates, women's health issues, and crimes against women like dowry deaths and rape. It notes that while India has made progress in many areas, gender discrimination persists in many parts of society and mindsets. Female literacy rates and access to healthcare vary greatly between states and regions of India. The document calls for initiatives to improve education for girls, healthcare access for women, and safety measures to protect women from crimes.
Rooted problem of gender discrimination and immense ignorance
Similar to Sex Discrimination and Low Girl Birth are the Emerging issues of Sex Ratio & Child Sex Ratio (CSR) in Andhra Pradesh, evidence from Census and Civil & Sample Registration Systems
Gender Imbalance in India Causes and Emerging Issuesijtsrd
The provisional data of 2011 Census has once again highlighted the problem of severe sex imbalance in the country, especially in 0 6 age group. According to Census of 2011, the sex ratio in 0 6 year’s age group has declined to 914 females per 1000 males as compared to 927 in 2001. It shows an increasing trend of male preference as compared to female in the last decade. The phenomenon of son preference is coupled with death of young females due to lack of medical care, under nutrition, female infanticide, and sex selective abortions. Sen 1992, 2003 first addressed the disturbing trend by highlighting that millions of females in India are missing because of widespread neglect in health care, nutrition and prenatal care. The steep decline in sex ratio in northern and western states is a cause of worry. Technological developments permitting sex selective abortions have seriously aggravated sex imbalance in these states. The trend of rapid decline in sex ratio has given rise to serious social, demographic and cultural problems. This present paper attempts to explain the causes for gender imbalance and its implications on the society as a whole. Chandrakant N. Kokate "Gender Imbalance in India: Causes and Emerging Issues" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-6 , October 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd34696.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/financial-economics/34696/gender-imbalance-in-india-causes-and-emerging-issues/chandrakant-n-kokate
Project Report on "Women Safety and Empowerment"Abhishek Suman
The document proposes a new system to improve women's safety and empowerment in India through a joint venture between government and NGOs. It would feature a four-tier structure from the national to village level, with women-led departments and committees. Key roles would include conducting surveys, implementing awareness programs, and efficiently addressing crimes and social issues faced by women. The new model aims to directly involve women at all levels to better understand and resolve their challenges within the legal framework.
The document discusses issues related to women's empowerment and safety in India. It provides statistics showing high levels of domestic violence, female feticide, rape, and illiteracy among women. It then proposes a solution to implement a joint government and non-government organization controlled system with four tiers from the national to local block level to oversee programs for women's empowerment and safety. Key roles and authorities at each level are outlined.
This document proposes a 4-tier system to empower women and ensure their safety in India. It would have governing bodies at the panchayat, district, state, and national levels to oversee programs. Additional female representatives and departments focused solely on women's issues would be established. Non-governmental organizations would partner to implement awareness campaigns and training programs. The goal is to make women feel empowered to report issues without hesitation through a system that is dedicated to their welfare from the local to national levels.
This document discusses female foeticide in India. It summarizes that:
1) Female foeticide is widespread in India, where technologies allow parents to determine and selectively abort female fetuses, skewing the sex ratio.
2) Cultural and religious factors contribute to the lower status of women in India and preference for male children, fueling female foeticide.
3) Laws banning sex determination have had little impact due to lack of implementation and medical professionals' role in the practice. Widespread change in attitudes and empowering women is needed to address this issue.
The one-child policy was introduced in China in 1979 to control population growth and improve living standards. It has been largely successful, reducing China's fertility rate from 5.9 in 1970 to 1.7 in 2004. However, it has also led to unintended consequences like a highly skewed sex ratio with a preference for male children and a growing elderly population due to decreased family sizes. While China has acknowledged these issues and made some policy adjustments, deeply ingrained cultural preferences will be difficult to change through legal measures alone. India faces similar problems and must pursue social and economic policies to change attitudes rather than just imitating China's one-child approach.
Sex Education to Indian Adolescents – Need of the Houriosrjce
This document discusses the need for comprehensive sex education for Indian adolescents. It notes that India has a large adolescent population but parents and society are reluctant to discuss sexuality openly. While adolescents are curious about physical changes during puberty, they lack guidance, leading some to seek information from unreliable sources like pornography. Sex education could help address issues like teenage pregnancy, sexual abuse, and India's HIV epidemic by empowering youth with knowledge about safe and responsible behavior. However, introducing sex education remains controversial in India. The document argues that a single chapter in the school curriculum could help address the lack of reliable information available to many Indian adolescents.
11.role of gender in contraceptive use among currently married women in uttar...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a research study that examined the role of gender preference on contraceptive use among married women in the Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The study found high son preference in both states based on skewed sex ratios, women's desire for more children if they did not have sons, and differences in treatment of boys and girls. Contraceptive use was much lower in both states compared to India as a whole. Further analysis showed that women were less likely to use contraception if they did not have sons or if their ideal family composition included more sons than daughters. The study concludes that strong son preference negatively impacts acceptance of family planning methods in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
Child sexual abuse is a serious problem in Pakistan that causes psychological, physical, and social harm. According to a recent report, over 1,300 children in Pakistan experienced some form of sexual abuse from January to June 2019. Children from low socioeconomic backgrounds, with disabilities, or in unstable family situations are most at risk. Sexual abuse has short and long term effects on victims' mental health, behavior, and development. Combating this issue requires efforts on individual, community, and national levels through education, counseling, legal reforms, and supporting survivors.
11.determinants of declining child sex ratio in rajasthanAlexander Decker
This document examines the determinants of declining child sex ratios in Rajasthan, India using census and survey data from 1991-2011. Key findings include:
1) The child sex ratio in Rajasthan has declined sharply from 909 in 2001 to 883 in 2011, compared to a smaller national decline.
2) Pooled OLS regression found a 1% increase in male literacy reduces the child sex ratio by 0.14%, suggesting higher male literacy enables greater son preference and sex selection.
3) Quantile regression found male literacy has an insignificant effect on lower child sex ratios but a larger negative effect on higher ratios, while female literacy and infrastructure have a positive effect.
4) Most
Law ^J policy and program for children and women [Autosaved].pptxAmitaAmita3
Female feticide refers to the abortion of a fetus when it is found to be female. It is illegal in India under the Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act of 1994. The practice stems from a patriarchal preference for sons over daughters and the financial burden of dowries. New technologies allow for early sex determination, leading to more female feticide. While abortion is legal under certain conditions, female feticide specifically targets fetuses on the basis of sex and is punishable by law. However, enforcement of the law remains a challenge due to complicity and lack of monitoring. Efforts are ongoing to educate communities and change mindsets to reduce instances of female feticide.
This study examined inter-spousal communication on reproductive health in Tamilnadu and Orissa, India. It found that while many couples discussed family size, over 1/3 in Tamilnadu and over 1/4 in both states did not discuss until after their first or second child. Inter-spousal communication was lowest among tribal populations in Orissa. The study also found that 65% of last pregnancies in Tamilnadu and 43% in Orissa were unplanned, largely due to lack of contraceptive use. Focus groups revealed gaps between family planning knowledge and practice. The data suggests male dominance and low women's status limits inter-spousal communication on reproductive health decisions. Improving communication and promoting
The document discusses a study on the awareness of anganwadi workers regarding female foeticide in Kathua district, Jammu and Kashmir, India. It finds that while the workers were generally aware of female foeticide and its causes, their knowledge of relevant laws was low. Only 6% knew about the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques Act, and many were unaware of legal fines and imprisonment for sex determination. The study aims to increase awareness among anganwadi workers of the issue and existing policies to address female foeticide.
1. The document discusses whether transgender individuals should be allowed to adopt children. It presents arguments both for and against transgender adoption.
2. Statistics show high suicide rates among transgender individuals, suggesting potential financial and social difficulties in caring for children. However, some places like California do not deny foster parenting based on transgender status alone.
3. Legal recognition of transgender parenting rights varies globally. Full adoption rights for transgender people are still lacking in many places like Pakistan, though some legal protections have been established.
This document provides information about Mamta Singh's Individual Social Responsibility project on the social cause of saving the girl child. It includes an executive summary, introduction, key issues related to medical ethics, legal jurisdiction, and socio-economic issues facing the girl child such as declining sex ratios, female foeticide, and initiatives to address child marriage and education. It also discusses the work of the NGO Save Girl Child Organization and the national plan of action to save the girl child in India.
Role of gender in contraceptive use among currently married women in uttar pr...Alexander Decker
The document summarizes a study on the role of gender preference on contraceptive use among married women in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, India. Some key findings:
1. Son preference is strongly reflected in the desire for more children among women without sons. 83% of such women in UP and 87% in Bihar want more children.
2. Contraceptive use is much lower among women without sons - only 18% in UP and 6% in Bihar of such women use contraception.
3. Logistic regression found that women with more sons are significantly more likely to use contraception compared to those with more daughters, indicating son preference impacts family planning acceptance.
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention (IJHSSI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Humanities and Social Science. IJHSSI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Humanities and Social Science, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Adolescents and utilization of family planning services in rural community of...Alexander Decker
This study examined family planning services utilization among adolescents in a rural Nigerian community. 400 adolescents ages 10-19 completed questionnaires. Over two-thirds reported family planning services being available, with main sources being health centers, chemists, and pharmacies. Reasons for service selection included low cost, privacy, and proximity. While most adolescents were sexually active and knowledgeable about contraception, condom use was low and many were unconcerned about pregnancy or STDs. The study concluded family planning services were available but underutilized, with worrisome attitudes towards unprotected sex among adolescents in the community.
The document discusses sex ratios and mortality rates in India, Bangladesh, Japan, and the U.S. It notes that India's sex ratio improved from 933 to 940 females per 1000 males from 2001 to 2011 according to the Indian census, with Kerala having the highest ratio at 1084. Bangladesh's ratio is nearly equal at 100.3 males per 100 females. Japan's population is decreasing due to fewer births and an aging population. Infant mortality is defined as the death of a child under age 1 and is affected by factors like access to healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation.
The document discusses sex ratios and mortality rates in India, Bangladesh, Japan, and the U.S. It notes that India's sex ratio improved from 933 to 940 females per 1000 males from 2001 to 2011 according to the Indian census, with Kerala having the highest ratio at 1084. Bangladesh's ratio is nearly equal at 100.3 males per 100 females. Japan's population is decreasing due to fewer births and an aging population. Infant mortality is defined as the death of a child under age 1 and is affected by factors like access to healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation.
Similar to Sex Discrimination and Low Girl Birth are the Emerging issues of Sex Ratio & Child Sex Ratio (CSR) in Andhra Pradesh, evidence from Census and Civil & Sample Registration Systems (20)
This document presents a study that uses linear regression to predict university freshmen's academic performance (GPA) based on their scores on the Joint Matriculation Examination (JME). The study finds a weak positive correlation (R=0.137) between GPA and JME scores, with the regression model only explaining 1.9% of variability in GPA. Statistical tests show no significant relationship between JME score and university GPA (p>0.05). The study concludes that JME score is not a strong predictor of freshmen academic performance.
This document describes a school bus tracking and security system that uses face recognition, GPS, and notification technologies. The system uses a camera to identify students as they board and exit the bus. A GPS module tracks the bus location and uploads coordinates to a database. Parents and school administrators can access this information through a mobile app to track students. When a student's face is recognized, a notification is sent to the parents. The system aims to increase student safety by monitoring their locations and notifying parents when they enter or exit the bus.
BigBasket encashing the Demonetisation: A big opportunityIJSRED
1. BigBasket is India's largest online grocery retailer, launched in 2011 when online grocery shopping was still nascent.
2. During India's 2016 demonetization, when cash was scarce, online grocery saw a major boost as consumers turned to sites like BigBasket for contactless digital payments.
3. However, BigBasket faced challenges in meeting consumer expectations for quick delivery while expanding partnerships with local vendors for fresh produce during this surge in demand.
Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Plant Leaf DiseaseIJSRED
This document discusses a technique for detecting plant leaf diseases using image processing. It begins with an introduction to plant pathology and the importance of identifying plant diseases. Common plant leaf diseases like Alternaria Alternata, Anthracnose, Bacterial blight, and Cercospora Leaf Spot are described along with their symptoms. The existing methods of disease identification are discussed. The proposed method uses various image processing techniques like filtering, histogram equalization, k-means clustering, and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) feature extraction to detect diseases. Image quality is then assessed to identify the affected regions of the leaf.
DC Fast Charger and Battery Management System for Electric VehiclesIJSRED
This document discusses the development of a DC fast charger and battery management system for electric vehicles. It aims to reduce charging times for EVs by designing an efficient charging mechanism. A PIC microcontroller controls the charging voltage and a battery management system monitors battery temperature, voltage, current and provides notifications. The system uses a step-down transformer, rectifier, voltage regulators and temperature sensor to charge lithium-ion batteries safely and quickly, while the battery management system protects the batteries from overcharging or overheating. Faster charging times through more charging stations could encourage greater adoption of electric vehicles.
France has experienced steady economic growth through policies that develop human capital and innovation. It has a highly organized education system that has increased enrollments over time, particularly in tertiary education. France also invests heavily in research and development, ranking highly in patents and innovative organizations. Infrastructure investment has also increased tangible capital stock. Additionally, factors like political stability, rule of law, and low corruption create an environment conducive to business investment and growth. Major events like the French Revolution helped shape France culturally, legally and technologically in ways that still influence its growth path today.
This document describes an acquisition system designed to make the examination process more efficient. The system uses a Raspberry Pi to control various hardware components including an RFID reader, rack and pinion assembly, and motor. It is intended to reduce the time and effort required of staff to distribute exam materials by automating the process. When examiners scan their RFID tags, the system verifies their identity and allows them to retrieve the appropriate exam bundles via a motorized rack and pinion assembly. The goal is to minimize manual labor and speed up exam distribution using an automated hardware and software solution controlled by a Raspberry Pi microcontroller.
Parallelization of Graceful Labeling Using Open MPIJSRED
This document summarizes research on parallelizing the graceful graph labeling problem using OpenMP on multi-core processors. It introduces the concepts of parallelization, multi-core architecture, and OpenMP. An algorithm is designed to parallelize graceful labeling by distributing graph vertices across processor cores. Execution time and speedup are measured for graphs of increasing size, showing improved speedup and reduced time with parallelization. Results show consistent performance gains as graph size increases due to better utilization of the multi-core architecture.
Study of Phenotypic Plasticity of Fruits of Luffa Acutangula Var. AmaraIJSRED
This study examines the phenotypic plasticity of fruits in the plant Luffa acutangula var. amara across different locations in Sindhudurg district, Maharashtra, India. The study found that the plant exhibited plasticity in growth cycle, flowering season, leaf shape, and fruit size depending on location. Maximum fruit weights and sizes were recorded at Talebazar village, while minimum sizes were found at Dahibav village. The variation in fruit morphology is an adaptation to the different environmental conditions at each site.
Understanding Architecture of Internet of ThingsIJSRED
The document discusses the architecture of the Internet of Things (IoT). It begins by introducing IoT and its key components. It then discusses three traditional IoT architectures: (1) a three-layer architecture consisting of a perception, network and application layer; (2) the TCP/IP four-layer model; and (3) the Telecommunications Management Network's five-layer logical layered architecture. The document proposes a new five-layer IoT architecture combining aspects of these models. The five layers are the business, application, processing, transport and perception layers. The perception layer collects data via sensors while the business layer manages the overall enterprise.
This document describes a project report submitted by three students for their bachelor's degree. The report outlines the development of a smart shopping cart system that utilizes RFID and Zigbee technologies. The smart cart is intended to enhance the shopping experience for customers by automatically billing items as they are added to the cart, providing real-time stock levels, and reducing checkout times. The system aims to benefit both customers through a more personalized shopping experience and retailers by improving stock management and reducing shoplifting. The document includes sections on requirements, system design, implementation, results and discussion, and conclusions.
An Emperical Study of Learning How Soft Skills is Essential for Management St...IJSRED
This document discusses an empirical study on the importance of soft skills for management students' careers. It finds that while hard skills and academic performance were once prioritized by employers, soft skills like communication, teamwork, and emotional intelligence are now essential for success. The study surveyed 50 management students and faculty in Bangalore to understand how well soft skills training is incorporated and its benefits. It determined that soft skills like communication are crucial as they influence interactions and job performance. However, older teaching methods do not sufficiently develop these skills. Integrating soft skills training into courses could better prepare students for today's work challenges.
The document describes a proposed smart canteen management system that uses various technologies like a web application, barcode scanner, and thermal printer to automate the food ordering process. The system aims to reduce wait times for students and avoid food wastage by allowing online ordering and monitoring stock. A barcode scanner will be used to identify students during ordering and payment. Thermal printers will generate receipts. The system is expected to reduce workload for staff and provide detailed sales reports for management.
This document discusses Gandhi's concept of trusteeship as an alternative economic system. It summarizes that Gandhi did not distinguish between economics and ethics, and based trusteeship on religious ideas like non-possession and truth as well as Western ideas like stewardship. Trusteeship aimed to persuade wealthy property owners to hold wealth in trust for the benefit of society rather than personal gain. It was meant as a non-violent alternative to capitalism and communism that eliminated class conflict through cooperation and trust between rich and poor. The document provides background on the philosophical and religious influences on Gandhi's views before explaining the key aspects of his theory of trusteeship.
Impacts of a New Spatial Variable on a Black Hole Metric SolutionIJSRED
This document discusses the impacts of introducing a new spatial variable in black hole metrics. It begins by summarizing Einstein and Rosen's 1935 paper which introduced a variable ρ = r - 2M in the Schwarzschild metric to remove the singularity. The document then introduces a similar new variable p = r - 2√M and analyzes how this impacts the Schwarzschild metric. Specifically, it notes that this new variable allows for negative radii values and multiple asymptotic regions beyond just two, introducing concepts of probability and imaginary spatial coordinates. Overall, the document explores how different mathematical variables can impact theoretical physics concepts like wormholes.
A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Teaching Programme on Knowledg...IJSRED
This document summarizes a study that assessed the effectiveness of a planned teaching program on mothers' knowledge of preventing acute respiratory infections in children under 5. 50 mothers were surveyed before and after the program. Before, 36% had moderate knowledge, 62% had inadequate knowledge, and 2% had adequate knowledge. After, 34% had moderate knowledge, 0% had inadequate knowledge, and 66% had adequate knowledge, showing the program improved mothers' knowledge. The study found no significant association between mothers' knowledge and factors like age, education, or family type.
This document describes a proposed ingenuous Trafalgar contrivition system to improve traffic flow and emergency vehicle access. The system uses embedded technologies like a Raspberry Pi, RF transmitter and receiver, and an Android app. When an emergency vehicle is detected approaching a traffic light, the system will open the lights on its path without disrupting other signals. The app will also help identify hit-and-run vehicles through a brief tracking period. The goal is to reduce traffic congestion and response times to save lives.
This document discusses a proposed system called the Farmer's Analytical Assistant, which aims to help farmers in India maximize crop yields through predictive analysis and recommendations. It analyzes agricultural data on factors like soil properties, rainfall, and past crop performance using machine learning techniques to predict optimal crops for different regions based on the environmental conditions. The proposed system would allow farmers to input local data, receive personalized yield predictions and crop suggestions, and get advice from experts online. The methodology section describes how climate/rainfall and soil data is collected and analyzed using machine learning models to provide crop recommendations. The goal is to improve upon traditional crop selection methods and help increase farmers' incomes.
Functions of Forensic Engineering Investigator in IndiaIJSRED
Forensic engineering involves applying engineering principles and methodologies to answer legal questions, especially regarding accidents and failures. A forensic engineer investigates failures through failure analysis and root cause analysis to determine how and why something failed. The engineer must be familiar with relevant codes and standards, understand eyewitness testimony, apply the scientific method to reconstruct events, and report findings clearly to assist courts. A forensic engineering investigation follows the scientific method to methodically analyze evidence and test hypotheses to determine the cause and circumstances of a failure or accident.
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
How Barcodes Can Be Leveraged Within Odoo 17Celine George
In this presentation, we will explore how barcodes can be leveraged within Odoo 17 to streamline our manufacturing processes. We will cover the configuration steps, how to utilize barcodes in different manufacturing scenarios, and the overall benefits of implementing this technology.
How to Setup Warehouse & Location in Odoo 17 InventoryCeline George
In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
This document provides an overview of wound healing, its functions, stages, mechanisms, factors affecting it, and complications.
A wound is a break in the integrity of the skin or tissues, which may be associated with disruption of the structure and function.
Healing is the body’s response to injury in an attempt to restore normal structure and functions.
Healing can occur in two ways: Regeneration and Repair
There are 4 phases of wound healing: hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. This document also describes the mechanism of wound healing. Factors that affect healing include infection, uncontrolled diabetes, poor nutrition, age, anemia, the presence of foreign bodies, etc.
Complications of wound healing like infection, hyperpigmentation of scar, contractures, and keloid formation.
Philippine Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) CurriculumMJDuyan
(𝐓𝐋𝐄 𝟏𝟎𝟎) (𝐋𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐨𝐧 𝟏)-𝐏𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐬
𝐃𝐢𝐬𝐜𝐮𝐬𝐬 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐄𝐏𝐏 𝐂𝐮𝐫𝐫𝐢𝐜𝐮𝐥𝐮𝐦 𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐏𝐡𝐢𝐥𝐢𝐩𝐩𝐢𝐧𝐞𝐬:
- Understand the goals and objectives of the Edukasyong Pantahanan at Pangkabuhayan (EPP) curriculum, recognizing its importance in fostering practical life skills and values among students. Students will also be able to identify the key components and subjects covered, such as agriculture, home economics, industrial arts, and information and communication technology.
𝐄𝐱𝐩𝐥𝐚𝐢𝐧 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐍𝐚𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝐒𝐜𝐨𝐩𝐞 𝐨𝐟 𝐚𝐧 𝐄𝐧𝐭𝐫𝐞𝐩𝐫𝐞𝐧𝐞𝐮𝐫:
-Define entrepreneurship, distinguishing it from general business activities by emphasizing its focus on innovation, risk-taking, and value creation. Students will describe the characteristics and traits of successful entrepreneurs, including their roles and responsibilities, and discuss the broader economic and social impacts of entrepreneurial activities on both local and global scales.
Temple of Asclepius in Thrace. Excavation resultsKrassimira Luka
The temple and the sanctuary around were dedicated to Asklepios Zmidrenus. This name has been known since 1875 when an inscription dedicated to him was discovered in Rome. The inscription is dated in 227 AD and was left by soldiers originating from the city of Philippopolis (modern Plovdiv).
Gender and Mental Health - Counselling and Family Therapy Applications and In...PsychoTech Services
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Pengantar Penggunaan Flutter - Dart programming language1.pptx
Sex Discrimination and Low Girl Birth are the Emerging issues of Sex Ratio & Child Sex Ratio (CSR) in Andhra Pradesh, evidence from Census and Civil & Sample Registration Systems