The document lists the professional accomplishments and positions held by Dr. Laxmi Shrikhande, including being Chairperson Elect of ICOG, National Corresponding Editor of JOGI, and founder of various organizations. It then discusses gender-based violence against females in the womb in India through practices like female feticide and infanticide due to a strong son preference. It notes the social, economic, and religious factors that contribute to this issue, as well as efforts made through laws and policies to address prenatal sex selection and promote the education and welfare of girls in India.

1.  Chairperson Elect ICOG –Indian College of OB/GY
 National Corresponding Editor-Journal of OB/GY of India JOGI
 National Corresponding Secretary Association of Medical Women, India
 Founder Patron & President –ISOPARB Vidarbha Chapter 2019-21
 Chairperson-IMS Education Committee 2021-23
 President-Association of Medical Women, Nagpur AMWN 2021-24
 Nagpur Ratan Award @ hands of Union Minister Shri Nitinji Gadkari
 Received Bharat excellence Award for women’s health
 Received Mehroo Dara Hansotia Best Committee Award for her work as
Chairperson HIV/AIDS Committee, FOGSI 2007-2009
 Received appreciation letter from Maharashtra Government for her work in the
field of SAVE THE GIRL CHILD
 Senior Vice President FOGSI 2012
 President Menopause Society, Nagpur 2016-18
 President Nagpur OB/GY Society 2005-06
 Delivered 11 orations and 450 guest lectures
 Publications-Thirty National & Eleven International
 Sensitized 2 lakh boys and girls on adolescent health issues
Dr. Laxmi Shrikhande
MBBS; MD(OB/GY);
FICOG; FICMU; FICMCH
Medical Director-
Shrikhande Fertility Clinic
Nagpur, Maharashtra

2. Gender Based Violence
In the Womb
Dr Laxmi Shrikhande
Consultant –Shrikhande Hospital
Nagpur

3. How It started?
God fearing , more correctly Goddess fearing.

4. How It started?
Elimination of female child is prevalent since ages.
Our ancestors used to abandon unwanted girl child.
OR
Used to kill her after birth by various means.

5. Present generation is saved from this sin of homicide & guilt complex of
abandoning.
Modern technology has given them the tool in form of female feticide
& sex selection.

6. Pre Birth elimination of Females
PBEF
When the country is debating for 33% reservation for women
in the Parliament, the genuine and natural seat
for women in the uterus is denied.

7. PBEF
Many women stalwarts-

8. PBEF
Girls are there in every walk of life.
Even in those fields which once used to be male domain only-
Army-3 branches
Pilot-
Driving Trains
Cremation ground
You name it & she is there!!!

9. Woman
Power!

10. Son preference
India is not the only country with a strong preference for sons,
BUT
It is the only country which uses pre-natal diagnosis for this purpose.

11. Son preference
Ladka marey kambakth ka; Ladki marey bhaagwaan ka
(It is unfortunate one who loses his male child: & he is
fortunate who loses a girl child).

12. Son preference
THIS is a saying in the northern and northwestern parts of India. There
may be regional variations in the wording, but the mindset remains
the same.
Lena bank-boy
Dena bank-girl

13. Why son?
It is not only the illiterate and poor who want to have
sons.
Even the educated and rich prefer to have boys because
They don’t want the property to be split.

14. Why son?
The poor for obvious reasons do not want baby girls, as the financial
responsibility is high if one begets baby girl.

15. Why son?
As far as the middle class go, they are torn between the rational
thinking and the reality.
In reality, how many middle class men marry a girl without
taking dowry?

16. Why son?
If not dowry, at least in the form of gifts & jewels a bride is expected
to bring from her parent's house.
After wedding when the daughter becomes pregnant, all the delivery
expenses have to be borne by the girl's parents.

17. Why son?
Our customs are designed in such a way that it demands more moral
responsibility and financial commitments from the girl's parents.

18. Why son?
It’s nonsense when people say Hindus need sons for cremation rights.
Who is thinking of death, when survival is questionable on a day-to-day
basis.

19. Two child policy
I think the government’s two-child norm and female foeticide have got
mixed up, through no fault of either the government or the people.

20. Two child policy
The famous family planning slogan, Hum do hamare do, mathematically
adds up to only three possibilities –
that people have two sons,
 two daughters, or
one son and one daughter.

21. Two child policy
Two daughters are usually not acceptable – culturally or
economically, because they have to be married off.
While one son and one daughter are tolerable, the ideal
situation people strive for is two sons.

22. Two child policy
Slogans like Beti ya beta dono ek hain make little sense.
How can they be equal for people, when girls have to be married off
and sons can be used as crutches?

23. Mahatma Gandhi gave
us a Message of Non-
violence
Lord Mahavir gave us a Message of Live
& Let Live
Year 2001 was declared as an Year Of
Non-Violence
But
2001 Census shows Violent figures.

24. Population of India 102.7 crores
Males 53.1 crores
Females 49.6 crores
Deficit of women in 2001 3.5 crores
Sex ratio (no. of women
per 1000 men)
933
Source: Census of India, 2001 & 2011
Demographic Profile
1,210,854,977
623,724,248
586,469,174
35,585,741
943

25. POPULATION IN THE AGE GROUP 0 TO 6 YEARS IN 2001, INDIA
INFANTS AND CHILDREN – ALL 15.8
CRORES
MALE INFANTS AND CHILDREN 8.2
CRORES
FEMALE INFANTS AND CHILDREN 7.6
CRORES
DEFICIT OF FEMALE INFANTS AND GIRLS 60 LAKHS
SEX RATIO OF CHILD POPULATION 927
Source: Census of India, 2001 & 2011
158,789,287
82,952,135
75,837,152
7,114,983
918

26. Sex Ratio among the States with Widespread Use
of Sex Determination Tests (O-6 year age group)
Kerala---1084 Daman & Diu UT-618
States 1991 2001 2011
Punjab 875 793 895
Haryana 879 820 879
Gujarat 928 878 919
Maharashtra 946 917 929
Source: Census of India, 1991, 2001 & 2011.

27. 2011 census
Three million girls are missing & 48 less girls per 1,000 boys

28. Sex ratio
Total 1.079 male(s)/female (2020)
At birth 1.11 male(s)/female (2020)
Under 15 0-14 years: 1.13 male(s)/female (2020)
15–64 years 1.06 male(s)/female (2009 est.)
65 and over 0.89 male(s)/female (2020)
Sex ratio: 2020
Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 7 February 2020.

29. Social Implications
Fewer surviving women do not mean that they will enjoy a higher
status.

30. Social Implications
On the contrary the growing shortage of women in the marriage
market means that they are subjected to being kidnapped by criminal
gangs and sold into marriage to men anxious to find wives.

31. Social Implications
Trafficking in women is likely to increase, as the squeeze in the
marriage market becomes more pronounced.

32. Myth: Less Girls in Society – Their value will increase.
They will get dowry from boys in future. ---- A Principle of
Economics of – Demand and Supply ?

33. Social Implications
If the ratio of female to male reduces to 0.5 and lower,
then monogamy would be the first casualty.

34. Social Implications
The consequences will not show up during our generation but it may
boomerang on us after few generations.

35. “ Devra village of Jaisalmer district has the distinction of receiving a
baraat (bridegroom’s party) after 110 years in 1997, when Jaswant
Kanwar got married. Woman in the centre is the mother of Jaswant
Kanwar.”

36. Gravity
India is on the brink of a demographic catastrophe.
If effective measures are not taken immediately boys and men will
soon vastly outnumber girls and woman.

37. PNDT
The law came into operation on January 1, 1996. Rules
were framed under the Act in 1996 and 1998.
One immediate effect of the law was that blatant
advertising came to a halt-
both pre selection & SD.

38. PNDT
An amendment to the Pre-natal Diagnostic Tests
(PNDT) Act was instituted on January 14, 2003
to include preconception sex selection.

39. Preconception & Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques
(Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act
• Now called as “pre-conception and prenatal diagnostic
techniques (prohibition of sex selection)”.

40. Punishment & Contravention
• Advertisement.
• Up to 3 years imprisonment and fine up to 10,000.

41. Punishment & Contravention
• Contravention of provisions by the practitioner or
owner.
• Up to 3 years imprisonment and fine up to 10,000.
• On subsequent conviction up to 5 years imprisonment and
fine up to 50,000.

42. Punishment & Contravention
• Reporting the name to state medical council if charge
framed by court.
• Suspension till the case disposed off.
• Removal of name on conviction.

43. Punishment & Contravention
• Punishment for person seeking aid.
• Up to 3 years imprisonment and fine up to 50,000.
• On subsequent conviction up to 5 years imprisonment and fine
up to 1,00,000.
• Women compelled to undergo such techniques – exempted
(decoy cases).

44. PNDT
It is widely believed that while these services are no longer
openly available , their clandestine availability and
utilization continues all over the country.

45. Will making the provisions of the act even
more stringent help?
Role of legislation in subverting a social practice is limited.
Child marriage and dowry act
Addressing the root cause of a social issue is the only sure
way to bring about social change &
they are the most resistant to change.

46. PNDT
At the same time it is acknowledged that legislation has an
important role to play.
It creates an enabling environment to create awareness against
female foeticide.

47. National Advocacy Strategy (NAS)
Cognizant of the fact that there is no time to loose, the Government of
India has developed National Advocacy Strategy (NAS) in order to
articulate a common framework within which to animate a series of
immediate and sustained advocacy and communication interventions.

48. National Advocacy Strategy (NAS)
The Strategy recognizes that it will be several decades before
behavioral changes can be accomplished.
The Strategy recommends simultaneous progress on the three
tracks-

49. All
activities
to start
and /or
continue
concurren
tly
Closure of sex
Closure of sex
determination
services
2-5 yrs
Widespread
Wide
spread
awareness
of
implication
5-10 yrs Change in
gender
perceptions
20+yrs
Track I
Track II
Track III

50. “Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao”
On 22 Jan 2015 a scheme named as “Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao”
means save girl child and educate girl child was launched in order to
empower girl and to eliminate gender inequality by Hon’ble PM.
It is a good step to ensure equal rights to women.
Education is the only weapon that can help eliminate gender
inequality, improve the status of girl can empower them to face the
challenges of life.

51. “Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao”
It aims to address the issue of the declining child sex ratio image
(CSR) and is a national initiative jointly run by the Ministry of Women
and Child Development, the Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare and the Ministry of Education. It initially focused multi-sector
action in 100 districts throughout the country where there was a low
CSR.
On 26 August 2016, Olympics 2016 bronze medallist Sakshi Malik was
made brand ambassador for BBBP.

52. “Beti Bachao, Beti Padhao”
Strategies employed to successfully carry out the scheme are:
Implement a sustained social mobilization and communication
campaign to create equal value for the girl child and promote her
education.
Place the issue of decline in child sex ratio/sex ratio at birth in public
discourse, improvement of which would be an indicator for good
governance.
Focus on gender critical districts and cities.

53. Eligibility for the scheme
When it comes to eligibility for the Beti Bachao Beti Padhao scheme,
here are the key points to be kept in mind.
The family should have a girl child below 10 years of age.
There should be a Sukanya Samriddhi Account or SSA which has been
opened in any Indian bank, in the name of the girl child in the family.
The girl child should be a resident Indian. NRI citizens do not possess
eligibility for the BBBP scheme.

54. Here are the benefits in a nutshell:
 Financial and social independence of girls.
 Tax-free nature of the account, withdrawals only post girls turning 18.
 Easy savings facility for daughters courtesy of parents or guardians.
 Generation of awareness regarding issues of girls and women.
 Improving delivery of welfare services for women.
 Address declining CSR (child sex ratio) in critical States and regions.
 8.1% interest rate (per annum) on Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana accounts.
 The maximum deposit limit is Rs. 1.50 lakh per annum.
 Promoting better education and inclusion for women.

55. Incentives for girls
• In a major initiative for girls education, the Human Resource
Development ministry announced that every single girl child would be
eligible for free education from std VI to XII

56. Incentives for girls
• The University Grants Commission has decided that any girl who is
the only girl child of her parents will be eligible to receive a
scholarship of Rs. 2,000/ month to pursue postgraduate education in
any recognised institution of higher learning in the country.

57. • All schools affiliated to the CBSE (central board of secondary
education) will have to give total fee waiver from class VI up to
class XII to every girl who is a single child of her parent.
Incentives for girls

58. Incentives for girls
If there are 2 girls in a family,both of them will be entitled to a 50%
concession in tuition fee & all other fees, except any money charged
for transport & food.
The UGC will also make a similar provision as a condition for
affiliation or approval to all their programs & courses.

59. Role of religious leaders
The Akal Takth issued a hokum nama to the Sikh community to stop
the practice.

60. NGO
Promoting a positive image of daughters
through stickers,posters and buttons,
for example,
 ‘daughters can also be a source of
support to parents in their old age,’
‘eliminate inequality, not women’,
‘Demolish dowry, not daughters’,
‘make your daughter self sufficient,
educate her, let her take a job, she will
no longer be a burden on you.’

61. Should we be the silent spectators ?
Apprehensions…
 We are not doing it!!!
 What can we do?
 Its not our job to change the
mindset
 Govt should do it!
 Law should be stringent
 App authority should take stern
action

62. Is Sex selection a health Issue?
 Yes, It is as
much a health
issue, as it is a
social issue.
 Repeated abortions for a SON adversely affect the
sexual and reproductive health of women.
 It also adversely impacts mental health of women as
they are normally blamed for their inability to produce a
son.
 Sex selection is also an ethical issue and needs to be
viewed in the light of medical ethics.

64. OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE TO DOCTORS.
Strictly adhere to PCPNDT act
 When young couples come for advice on
family planning or for any other reasons.
 When clients come for antenatal care.
 While referring clients for ultra-
sonography or when they come for ultra-
sonography

65.  8th Phera
 Catch them young
 Watch your family, friends, neighbourhood, staff
OPPORTUNITIES AVAILABLE TO YOU.

66. Summary
Social discrimination against women results into systematic neglect
of women’s health, from womb to tomb.

67. In most countries in the world there are
105 female to the population of 100
male.
In India, there are less than 93 women for
every 100 men in the population..

68. Where we are......
Where we want
to be......
Sex Determination Before Birth
Changing the Demand and Supply Situation

69. And where we
want to be
ultimately
Supportive Social and
Cultural
Environment
No Demand

70. My is:
Can we allow Indian women to become an
endangered species?
Shall we be bothered only about endangered wild
life- tigers, Lions, so on & so forth?

71. Appeal
Together we can make a difference!!!!
Let’s make it.

72. She faces society's scorn
Even before she is born
They don't see the rose
only the thorn
If she dies, none there
will be to mourn
Because we think she has no worth
She fights death even before birth
Gayathri Eswar,Oman

74. My World of sharing happiness!
Shrikhande Fertility Clinic
Ph- 91 8805577600
shrikhandedrlaxmi@gmail.com

75. The more you give, the more you
will get.
Then life will become a sheer dance
of love.
H. H. Sri. Sri. Ravishankar
The Art of Living
Thank you