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Sex ratio is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in a population. In India, the 2001 census found a sex ratio of 933 females per 1000 males, a slight increase from 927 in 1991. However, Gujarat saw a decline in its child sex ratio from 923 in 1991 to 883 in 2001 according to the census. The decline in child sex ratio is due to factors like neglect of females resulting in higher mortality, female infanticide, and female feticide which stem from a societal obsession for sons and discrimination against girls.
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SEX RATIO
Our concern is with the sex ratio in infancy and childhood, and we use this in order to examine the magnitude and implications
of gender imbalance. More precisely, our focus in this paper is on the sex ratio (defined as the number of males per 100 females) from birth to 6 years of age—we shall refer to it simply as the child sex ratio (CSR). The narrowness of our focus has two advantages. First, whereas the overall population sex ratio is a complex aggregate that depends on many factors, the natural determinants of the child sex ratio are more limited, allowing us a cleaner analysis. Second, it is this ratio that is liable to be affected by selective abortions, whereas the population sex ratio moves only a little with these new developments.
Save girl child
The sex ratio in India refers to the number of females per 1000 males. The 2011 census found a sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males, representing an increase from 2001 which was 933 females per 1000 males. However, some states have much lower sex ratios, with Haryana having the lowest of 877 females per 1000 males. The major cause of the declining sex ratio is considered to be the violent treatment of girls at birth and the prevalence of sex-selective abortion. While some initiatives have helped to increase the ratio, a more comprehensive approach is needed to promote gender equality and ban sex-selective practices.
SEX RATIO
The document discusses sex ratios in India and around the world. It provides statistics showing that India has a low sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males according to the 2011 census, ranking 192nd globally. Some potential factors contributing to India's low ratio are social preferences for sons, sex-selective abortion, and female infanticide. The government has implemented programs to improve the ratio, such as banning sex determination and empowering women.
Literacy Trends 2001 to 2011
The study analyzes the spatio-temporal pattern of literacy in Haryana, India between 2001-2011. Some key findings:
- Overall literacy rates in Haryana increased from 67.91% to 76.64% during this period.
- Male literacy rates were substantially higher than female rates in both rural and urban areas. However, the gender gap narrowed over time.
- The lowest literacy was found in Mewat district in 2001 and 2011, while the highest was in Gurgaon district due to its proximity to New Delhi.
- Districts adjoining the National Capital Region generally had higher literacy rates compared to other districts.
Skewed sex ratio in haryana
The document discusses the skewed sex ratio in Haryana, India, which has declined further according to the latest 2011 census. Haryana has one of the lowest child sex ratios in India at 830 females per 1000 males. Two districts in Haryana, Jhajjar and Mahendragarh, have child sex ratios even lower at 774 and 778 females respectively. While overall sex ratio has improved slightly nationwide, the preference for sons over daughters in Haryana and other states has led to widespread female foeticide resulting in fewer girls. This skewed sex ratio is projected to have serious social consequences if not addressed.
Sex ratio
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population, including at conception, birth, and in mature populations. Studies show the natural sex ratio at birth is around 1.06 males to each female. However, across many countries and time periods, the recorded sex ratio shows fewer females than natural rates. In India in particular, the sex ratio declined from 972 females per 1000 males in 1901 to 933 in 2001, showing clear evidence of female foeticide through sex-selective abortion. Female foeticide stems from cultural preferences for sons over daughters and the oppression of women in Indian society.
Census 2011of uttar pradesh.pdf 32
The 2011 Census of India recorded the population of Uttar Pradesh as 199.8 million, an increase of over 33 million since 2001. The population density was 829 people per square kilometer. Literacy rates increased to 67.7% overall but were lower for women at 57.2%. The majority religion was Hindu at 79.73% of the population. Key findings also included that 22.3% of the population lived in urban areas and the sex ratio was 912 females for every 1000 males.
CHILD SEX RATIO DETERMINANTS
The document discusses determinants of the gender divide and child sex ratio in Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu. It begins with an introduction on gender discrimination and India's poor ranking in terms of gender gaps. A literature review covers previous studies finding factors like education level, nutrition, and patriarchy influence sex ratios. The study aims to understand declining child sex ratios in Cuddalore District by examining health, socio-economic, cultural and policy determinants. Secondary data is collected from local health centers, anganwadis and households on births, deaths and other relevant information to identify the key factors skewing the child sex ratio in the region.
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SEX RATIO
Our concern is with the sex ratio in infancy and childhood, and we use this in order to examine the magnitude and implications
of gender imbalance. More precisely, our focus in this paper is on the sex ratio (defined as the number of males per 100 females) from birth to 6 years of age—we shall refer to it simply as the child sex ratio (CSR). The narrowness of our focus has two advantages. First, whereas the overall population sex ratio is a complex aggregate that depends on many factors, the natural determinants of the child sex ratio are more limited, allowing us a cleaner analysis. Second, it is this ratio that is liable to be affected by selective abortions, whereas the population sex ratio moves only a little with these new developments.
Save girl child
The sex ratio in India refers to the number of females per 1000 males. The 2011 census found a sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males, representing an increase from 2001 which was 933 females per 1000 males. However, some states have much lower sex ratios, with Haryana having the lowest of 877 females per 1000 males. The major cause of the declining sex ratio is considered to be the violent treatment of girls at birth and the prevalence of sex-selective abortion. While some initiatives have helped to increase the ratio, a more comprehensive approach is needed to promote gender equality and ban sex-selective practices.
SEX RATIO
The document discusses sex ratios in India and around the world. It provides statistics showing that India has a low sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males according to the 2011 census, ranking 192nd globally. Some potential factors contributing to India's low ratio are social preferences for sons, sex-selective abortion, and female infanticide. The government has implemented programs to improve the ratio, such as banning sex determination and empowering women.
Literacy Trends 2001 to 2011
The study analyzes the spatio-temporal pattern of literacy in Haryana, India between 2001-2011. Some key findings:
- Overall literacy rates in Haryana increased from 67.91% to 76.64% during this period.
- Male literacy rates were substantially higher than female rates in both rural and urban areas. However, the gender gap narrowed over time.
- The lowest literacy was found in Mewat district in 2001 and 2011, while the highest was in Gurgaon district due to its proximity to New Delhi.
- Districts adjoining the National Capital Region generally had higher literacy rates compared to other districts.
Skewed sex ratio in haryana
The document discusses the skewed sex ratio in Haryana, India, which has declined further according to the latest 2011 census. Haryana has one of the lowest child sex ratios in India at 830 females per 1000 males. Two districts in Haryana, Jhajjar and Mahendragarh, have child sex ratios even lower at 774 and 778 females respectively. While overall sex ratio has improved slightly nationwide, the preference for sons over daughters in Haryana and other states has led to widespread female foeticide resulting in fewer girls. This skewed sex ratio is projected to have serious social consequences if not addressed.
Sex ratio
Sex ratio is the ratio of males to females in a population, including at conception, birth, and in mature populations. Studies show the natural sex ratio at birth is around 1.06 males to each female. However, across many countries and time periods, the recorded sex ratio shows fewer females than natural rates. In India in particular, the sex ratio declined from 972 females per 1000 males in 1901 to 933 in 2001, showing clear evidence of female foeticide through sex-selective abortion. Female foeticide stems from cultural preferences for sons over daughters and the oppression of women in Indian society.
Census 2011of uttar pradesh.pdf 32
The 2011 Census of India recorded the population of Uttar Pradesh as 199.8 million, an increase of over 33 million since 2001. The population density was 829 people per square kilometer. Literacy rates increased to 67.7% overall but were lower for women at 57.2%. The majority religion was Hindu at 79.73% of the population. Key findings also included that 22.3% of the population lived in urban areas and the sex ratio was 912 females for every 1000 males.
CHILD SEX RATIO DETERMINANTS
The document discusses determinants of the gender divide and child sex ratio in Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu. It begins with an introduction on gender discrimination and India's poor ranking in terms of gender gaps. A literature review covers previous studies finding factors like education level, nutrition, and patriarchy influence sex ratios. The study aims to understand declining child sex ratios in Cuddalore District by examining health, socio-economic, cultural and policy determinants. Secondary data is collected from local health centers, anganwadis and households on births, deaths and other relevant information to identify the key factors skewing the child sex ratio in the region.
Sex ratio and mortality rate -4
The document discusses sex ratios in various countries and trends over time. It provides data on sex ratios at birth and for different age groups in countries like Japan, India, Germany, and the United States. For example, it notes that India's 2011 census revealed a sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males, representing an increase from 2001. It also discusses factors that influence sex ratios like mortality rates, socioeconomic changes, and preferences for sons in some Asian countries leading to sex-selective practices.
Census 2011
Census 2011 was India's 15th census and 7th post-independence. It recorded India's population as 1,210,726,932, an increase of 181.96 million from 2001. Key findings included that 17 states grew over 20% last decade, the child population was nearly stable, and literacy rates increased nationwide with the largest gains in northeastern states. It also provided detailed data on population characteristics like gender ratios, scheduled castes and tribes, and levels of employment.
Sex Discrimination and Low Girl Birth are the Emerging issues of Sex Ratio & ...
This document discusses the declining child sex ratio (CSR) in Andhra Pradesh, India based on census and survey data. Some key points:
- The CSR in Andhra Pradesh has declined sharply from 961 in 2001 to 939 in 2011, indicating a strong preference for sons.
- Factors contributing to the skewed CSR include son preference for social and economic reasons, like inheritance and old age support. This has led to increased sex-selective abortions.
- While the overall sex ratio in Andhra Pradesh and India has improved slightly over time, the CSR has mostly declined since the early 20th century, with a few exceptions like 2001-2011 when government policies aimed to improve the ratio.
Sex ratio-pp ts
The document summarizes research on trends in selective abortions of girls in India from 1980 to 2010. It finds that selective abortion of girls has increased over the last two decades, with 4.2 to 12.1 million girls aborted over this period. Selective abortion is now common across India and is most prevalent among wealthy, educated households and families who already have one daughter.
Demography of india 2011(ppt)
This document analyzes population trends in India using data from the 2011 census. It discusses key demography terms and examines registered births, deaths, and infant deaths from 2000 to 2009 for each state. Some main findings are that Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh have the highest population growth, births declined along the decade, and the death rate drop has exceeded the birth rate drop leading to continued growth. Factors like education, family planning programs, and immigration affect population trends in each state.
11.determinants of declining child sex ratio in rajasthan
This document examines the determinants of declining child sex ratios in Rajasthan, India using census and survey data from 1991-2011. Key findings include:
1) The child sex ratio in Rajasthan has declined sharply from 909 in 2001 to 883 in 2011, compared to a smaller national decline.
2) Pooled OLS regression found a 1% increase in male literacy reduces the child sex ratio by 0.14%, suggesting higher male literacy enables greater son preference and sex selection.
3) Quantile regression found male literacy has an insignificant effect on lower child sex ratios but a larger negative effect on higher ratios, while female literacy and infrastructure have a positive effect.
4) Most
Gender Economics
The document discusses various demographic statistics related to the female population in India based on census and survey data:
- Females make up approximately 48-49% of India's total population according to recent censuses.
- Sex ratios have increased for children under age 6 but declined slightly for urban areas between 2001-2011.
- Fertility rates and birth rates have been declining in recent years while life expectancy for females has been increasing.
- Female labor force participation remains significantly lower than males and average wages also tend to lag behind.
- Representation of women in government positions like Parliament has increased over time but remains relatively low.
Womaniya
The document discusses the rooted problem of gender discrimination and ignorance towards women's empowerment in India. It summarizes that:
1) India remains a male-dominated society where women are often seen as subordinate and inferior, despite some opportunities for women in everyday life, business, and politics.
2) Discrimination against females begins from birth and continues throughout their lives, whether it be in access to healthcare, education, child marriage practices, or other spheres.
3) Overcoming these deep-rooted issues requires recognizing domains of work like capabilities, access to resources and opportunities, and security from violence, as well as leadership, political will, and strategic efforts to change societal mindsets and institutions over
India's sex ratio
India has a skewed sex ratio, with far fewer females than males. The normal global sex ratio is approximately 1.07 males to every female at birth, but in India an estimated 10 million girls went missing between 1981-2005 due to factors like neglect, female infanticide, and sex-selective abortion. The low sex ratio is caused by cultural perceptions of females as economic burdens rather than assets, as well as internalized patriarchal views of female worth, though the specific causes vary regionally within India.
WOMAN SAFETY 2019 updates
The document summarizes key findings from a report on the Women, Peace and Security Index, which ranks 167 countries based on indicators of women's inclusion, justice, and security. India ranks 133rd overall. It performs poorly on women's education levels and employment rates compared to other South Asian countries. While financial inclusion of women has increased, political inclusion remains low. India also has a high son bias and rates of violence against women by intimate partners remain a problem. The majority of women in India feel authorities are not doing enough to ensure their safety.
Future Population of India
The document projects India's population over the long term from 2001 to 2101 under two scenarios that differ in their assumptions about future fertility rates. Scenario A assumes fertility will decline to a replacement level of 2.1 children per woman in higher fertility states, while Scenario B assumes a decline to 1.85 children. Both scenarios project a continued decline in mortality. Scenario A results in an India population of 2 billion by 2101, while Scenario B falls just short of 2 billion with eventual population decline. The document examines the implications and challenges of each potential future population trajectory for India.
Sex ratio and mortality rate3
The document discusses sex ratios in various countries and trends over time. It provides data on sex ratios at birth and for different age groups in countries like Japan, India, Germany, and the United States. For example, it notes that India's 2011 census found a sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males, representing an increase from 2001. It also discusses factors that influence sex ratios like mortality rates, cultural preferences, and differences in life expectancy between males and females.
Demographic features of india
The document discusses various demographic features of India's population, including its growth, composition, and density. Some key points:
- India has a very large and rapidly growing population, currently over 1.3 billion people and expected to reach 1.7 billion by 2060.
- The population is young, with over half under age 30. This places a burden with only one working person per dependent on average.
- The sex ratio is unfavorably skewed against females, with around 940 females per 1000 males in 2011. Factors like sex-selective abortion, migration, and discrimination contribute to this.
- India remains predominantly rural, though urbanization is increasing as industries develop. Population density has
Sex ratio and mortality rate 2
The document discusses sex ratios and mortality rates in India, Bangladesh, Japan, and the U.S. It notes that India's sex ratio improved from 933 to 940 females per 1000 males from 2001 to 2011 according to the Indian census, with Kerala having the highest ratio at 1084. Bangladesh's ratio is nearly equal at 100.3 males per 100 females. Japan's population is decreasing due to fewer births and an aging population. Infant mortality is defined as the death of a child under age 1 and is affected by factors like access to healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation.
INTERNATIONAL INDEXED REFEREED RESEARCH PAPER
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The document examines the changing pattern of sex ratio in Haryana, India over the last century based on census data. It finds that Haryana has the lowest sex ratio in India at 879 females per 1000 males according to the 2011 census, below the national average of 940. The sex ratio in Haryana has fluctuated between 835 on the low end and 879 on the high end over the past 100 years. Several districts in Haryana have seen declines in child sex ratio between 2001 and 2011, with Jhajjar having the worst ratio in the country at 774 females per 1000 males. The major reasons for Haryana's declining sex ratios are found to be the cultural preference for male childrenEconomic development ii
This document discusses social indicators like sex ratio, birth rate, and death rate in several countries. It provides key statistics for each country, such as India's 2011 sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males and Bangladesh having 100.3 males for every 100 females. Birth rates are influenced by social and economic factors, while death rates depend on access to healthcare and infrastructure. Infant mortality rates reflect a country's development level, with the US goal to reduce the under-5 mortality rate by two-thirds by 2015.
Elderly in tamil nadu
This document analyzes census data on variations in elderly populations in the districts of Tamil Nadu. It finds that the percentage of elderly populations has been increasing faster in Tamil Nadu than other southern Indian states. Between 1991 and 2001, 9 districts had higher percentages of elderly residents than the overall state average. The districts of Erode and Thoothukudi consistently had some of the highest percentages of elderly populations during this period. By 2026, it is projected that 17% of Tamil Nadu's population will be elderly, requiring new social and economic policies to support their needs.
35 demographic trends in urban
Demographic trends in India show a population that is young, growing, and urbanizing. Key indicators include a total fertility rate declining from 5 children per woman in the 1980s to 2.3 today, resulting in a shift from a broad-based age pyramid to one with a bulging middle. However, India's population is projected to surpass China's and reach over 1.5 billion by 2050, bringing new challenges around rapid urbanization, education and employment opportunities for a large youth population.
Dsr & educated elites
The document discusses the declining sex ratio in India and some of the factors contributing to it. It notes that the census of 2001 revealed a sex ratio of 933 females per 1000 males, representing a deficit of around 3.5 crore women. The widespread use of sex-selective abortions has led to 60 lakh missing girls. While some states like Kerala have a favorable ratio, others like Haryana and Punjab have seen their child sex ratios decline sharply due to such practices. The PNDT Act was passed in 1994 to regulate sex determination tests but has not been effectively implemented.
Determinants of declining child sex ratio in rajasthan
This document summarizes a study examining the determinants of declining child sex ratios in Rajasthan, India using census and survey data from 1991-2011. The key findings are:
1) Child sex ratios in Rajasthan have declined sharply over the last two decades, falling from 909 in 2001 to 883 in 2011.
2) Pooled OLS regression analysis found that a one percentage point increase in male literacy is associated with a 0.14% reduction in child sex ratio on average across districts.
3) Quantile regression found male literacy has an insignificant effect on lower child sex ratios but a larger negative effect on higher ratios, while female literacy and access to drinking water have a positive effect
Gender issues in helath nmims 27 07-07
The document discusses various gender issues in health that negatively impact women in India. It summarizes key reports and initiatives on women's health status, critiques population policies, and outlines the alarming declining sex ratio and increasing use of sex-selective abortions. It also summarizes women's rights movements and legal activism aimed at promoting women's health, empowerment, and ending discrimination.
Missing girls
The document discusses the declining sex ratio in India and factors contributing to it such as son preference, small family norms, and the use of prenatal diagnostic techniques for sex-selective abortions. Some key points:
- The 2011 Indian census found a sex ratio of 933 females per 1000 males, representing a deficit of around 35 million women.
- Son preference stemming from social and economic factors has resulted in the neglect, abuse and killing of girls in parts of India.
- The use of technologies like amniocentesis and ultrasound for sex determination has led to widespread sex-selective abortions, especially in states with high son preference.
- This has contributed to 60 lakh (6 million) missing girls
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Sex ratio and mortality rate -4
The document discusses sex ratios in various countries and trends over time. It provides data on sex ratios at birth and for different age groups in countries like Japan, India, Germany, and the United States. For example, it notes that India's 2011 census revealed a sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males, representing an increase from 2001. It also discusses factors that influence sex ratios like mortality rates, socioeconomic changes, and preferences for sons in some Asian countries leading to sex-selective practices.
Census 2011
Census 2011 was India's 15th census and 7th post-independence. It recorded India's population as 1,210,726,932, an increase of 181.96 million from 2001. Key findings included that 17 states grew over 20% last decade, the child population was nearly stable, and literacy rates increased nationwide with the largest gains in northeastern states. It also provided detailed data on population characteristics like gender ratios, scheduled castes and tribes, and levels of employment.
Sex Discrimination and Low Girl Birth are the Emerging issues of Sex Ratio & ...
This document discusses the declining child sex ratio (CSR) in Andhra Pradesh, India based on census and survey data. Some key points:
- The CSR in Andhra Pradesh has declined sharply from 961 in 2001 to 939 in 2011, indicating a strong preference for sons.
- Factors contributing to the skewed CSR include son preference for social and economic reasons, like inheritance and old age support. This has led to increased sex-selective abortions.
- While the overall sex ratio in Andhra Pradesh and India has improved slightly over time, the CSR has mostly declined since the early 20th century, with a few exceptions like 2001-2011 when government policies aimed to improve the ratio.
Sex ratio-pp ts
The document summarizes research on trends in selective abortions of girls in India from 1980 to 2010. It finds that selective abortion of girls has increased over the last two decades, with 4.2 to 12.1 million girls aborted over this period. Selective abortion is now common across India and is most prevalent among wealthy, educated households and families who already have one daughter.
Demography of india 2011(ppt)
This document analyzes population trends in India using data from the 2011 census. It discusses key demography terms and examines registered births, deaths, and infant deaths from 2000 to 2009 for each state. Some main findings are that Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh have the highest population growth, births declined along the decade, and the death rate drop has exceeded the birth rate drop leading to continued growth. Factors like education, family planning programs, and immigration affect population trends in each state.
11.determinants of declining child sex ratio in rajasthan
This document examines the determinants of declining child sex ratios in Rajasthan, India using census and survey data from 1991-2011. Key findings include:
1) The child sex ratio in Rajasthan has declined sharply from 909 in 2001 to 883 in 2011, compared to a smaller national decline.
2) Pooled OLS regression found a 1% increase in male literacy reduces the child sex ratio by 0.14%, suggesting higher male literacy enables greater son preference and sex selection.
3) Quantile regression found male literacy has an insignificant effect on lower child sex ratios but a larger negative effect on higher ratios, while female literacy and infrastructure have a positive effect.
4) Most
Gender Economics
The document discusses various demographic statistics related to the female population in India based on census and survey data:
- Females make up approximately 48-49% of India's total population according to recent censuses.
- Sex ratios have increased for children under age 6 but declined slightly for urban areas between 2001-2011.
- Fertility rates and birth rates have been declining in recent years while life expectancy for females has been increasing.
- Female labor force participation remains significantly lower than males and average wages also tend to lag behind.
- Representation of women in government positions like Parliament has increased over time but remains relatively low.
Womaniya
The document discusses the rooted problem of gender discrimination and ignorance towards women's empowerment in India. It summarizes that:
1) India remains a male-dominated society where women are often seen as subordinate and inferior, despite some opportunities for women in everyday life, business, and politics.
2) Discrimination against females begins from birth and continues throughout their lives, whether it be in access to healthcare, education, child marriage practices, or other spheres.
3) Overcoming these deep-rooted issues requires recognizing domains of work like capabilities, access to resources and opportunities, and security from violence, as well as leadership, political will, and strategic efforts to change societal mindsets and institutions over
India's sex ratio
India has a skewed sex ratio, with far fewer females than males. The normal global sex ratio is approximately 1.07 males to every female at birth, but in India an estimated 10 million girls went missing between 1981-2005 due to factors like neglect, female infanticide, and sex-selective abortion. The low sex ratio is caused by cultural perceptions of females as economic burdens rather than assets, as well as internalized patriarchal views of female worth, though the specific causes vary regionally within India.
WOMAN SAFETY 2019 updates
The document summarizes key findings from a report on the Women, Peace and Security Index, which ranks 167 countries based on indicators of women's inclusion, justice, and security. India ranks 133rd overall. It performs poorly on women's education levels and employment rates compared to other South Asian countries. While financial inclusion of women has increased, political inclusion remains low. India also has a high son bias and rates of violence against women by intimate partners remain a problem. The majority of women in India feel authorities are not doing enough to ensure their safety.
Future Population of India
The document projects India's population over the long term from 2001 to 2101 under two scenarios that differ in their assumptions about future fertility rates. Scenario A assumes fertility will decline to a replacement level of 2.1 children per woman in higher fertility states, while Scenario B assumes a decline to 1.85 children. Both scenarios project a continued decline in mortality. Scenario A results in an India population of 2 billion by 2101, while Scenario B falls just short of 2 billion with eventual population decline. The document examines the implications and challenges of each potential future population trajectory for India.
Sex ratio and mortality rate3
The document discusses sex ratios in various countries and trends over time. It provides data on sex ratios at birth and for different age groups in countries like Japan, India, Germany, and the United States. For example, it notes that India's 2011 census found a sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males, representing an increase from 2001. It also discusses factors that influence sex ratios like mortality rates, cultural preferences, and differences in life expectancy between males and females.
Demographic features of india
The document discusses various demographic features of India's population, including its growth, composition, and density. Some key points:
- India has a very large and rapidly growing population, currently over 1.3 billion people and expected to reach 1.7 billion by 2060.
- The population is young, with over half under age 30. This places a burden with only one working person per dependent on average.
- The sex ratio is unfavorably skewed against females, with around 940 females per 1000 males in 2011. Factors like sex-selective abortion, migration, and discrimination contribute to this.
- India remains predominantly rural, though urbanization is increasing as industries develop. Population density has
Sex ratio and mortality rate 2
The document discusses sex ratios and mortality rates in India, Bangladesh, Japan, and the U.S. It notes that India's sex ratio improved from 933 to 940 females per 1000 males from 2001 to 2011 according to the Indian census, with Kerala having the highest ratio at 1084. Bangladesh's ratio is nearly equal at 100.3 males per 100 females. Japan's population is decreasing due to fewer births and an aging population. Infant mortality is defined as the death of a child under age 1 and is affected by factors like access to healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation.
INTERNATIONAL INDEXED REFEREED RESEARCH PAPER
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The document examines the changing pattern of sex ratio in Haryana, India over the last century based on census data. It finds that Haryana has the lowest sex ratio in India at 879 females per 1000 males according to the 2011 census, below the national average of 940. The sex ratio in Haryana has fluctuated between 835 on the low end and 879 on the high end over the past 100 years. Several districts in Haryana have seen declines in child sex ratio between 2001 and 2011, with Jhajjar having the worst ratio in the country at 774 females per 1000 males. The major reasons for Haryana's declining sex ratios are found to be the cultural preference for male childrenEconomic development ii
This document discusses social indicators like sex ratio, birth rate, and death rate in several countries. It provides key statistics for each country, such as India's 2011 sex ratio of 940 females per 1000 males and Bangladesh having 100.3 males for every 100 females. Birth rates are influenced by social and economic factors, while death rates depend on access to healthcare and infrastructure. Infant mortality rates reflect a country's development level, with the US goal to reduce the under-5 mortality rate by two-thirds by 2015.
Elderly in tamil nadu
This document analyzes census data on variations in elderly populations in the districts of Tamil Nadu. It finds that the percentage of elderly populations has been increasing faster in Tamil Nadu than other southern Indian states. Between 1991 and 2001, 9 districts had higher percentages of elderly residents than the overall state average. The districts of Erode and Thoothukudi consistently had some of the highest percentages of elderly populations during this period. By 2026, it is projected that 17% of Tamil Nadu's population will be elderly, requiring new social and economic policies to support their needs.
35 demographic trends in urban
Demographic trends in India show a population that is young, growing, and urbanizing. Key indicators include a total fertility rate declining from 5 children per woman in the 1980s to 2.3 today, resulting in a shift from a broad-based age pyramid to one with a bulging middle. However, India's population is projected to surpass China's and reach over 1.5 billion by 2050, bringing new challenges around rapid urbanization, education and employment opportunities for a large youth population.
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Similar to Save Girl Child
Dsr & educated elites
The document discusses the declining sex ratio in India and some of the factors contributing to it. It notes that the census of 2001 revealed a sex ratio of 933 females per 1000 males, representing a deficit of around 3.5 crore women. The widespread use of sex-selective abortions has led to 60 lakh missing girls. While some states like Kerala have a favorable ratio, others like Haryana and Punjab have seen their child sex ratios decline sharply due to such practices. The PNDT Act was passed in 1994 to regulate sex determination tests but has not been effectively implemented.
Determinants of declining child sex ratio in rajasthan
This document summarizes a study examining the determinants of declining child sex ratios in Rajasthan, India using census and survey data from 1991-2011. The key findings are:
1) Child sex ratios in Rajasthan have declined sharply over the last two decades, falling from 909 in 2001 to 883 in 2011.
2) Pooled OLS regression analysis found that a one percentage point increase in male literacy is associated with a 0.14% reduction in child sex ratio on average across districts.
3) Quantile regression found male literacy has an insignificant effect on lower child sex ratios but a larger negative effect on higher ratios, while female literacy and access to drinking water have a positive effect
Gender issues in helath nmims 27 07-07
The document discusses various gender issues in health that negatively impact women in India. It summarizes key reports and initiatives on women's health status, critiques population policies, and outlines the alarming declining sex ratio and increasing use of sex-selective abortions. It also summarizes women's rights movements and legal activism aimed at promoting women's health, empowerment, and ending discrimination.
Missing girls
The document discusses the declining sex ratio in India and factors contributing to it such as son preference, small family norms, and the use of prenatal diagnostic techniques for sex-selective abortions. Some key points:
- The 2011 Indian census found a sex ratio of 933 females per 1000 males, representing a deficit of around 35 million women.
- Son preference stemming from social and economic factors has resulted in the neglect, abuse and killing of girls in parts of India.
- The use of technologies like amniocentesis and ultrasound for sex determination has led to widespread sex-selective abortions, especially in states with high son preference.
- This has contributed to 60 lakh (6 million) missing girls
Save Girl Child 2
The document discusses sex ratio in India, defined as the number of females per 1000 males. Census data shows the sex ratio has declined from 933 in 2001 to 927 in 1991, with a deficit of females rising from 3.5 million in 1901 to 35 million in 2001. The child sex ratio has also declined sharply from 962 in 1981 to 914 in 2011. Reasons for the declining ratios include the menace of dowry, desire to keep wealth within the family through sons, and the need to control family size. While some progress has been made through legal and administrative actions, more tangible plans are needed to improve the status of girls and women in India.
Sst project (2)
Female foeticide, the abortion of a fetus because it is female, is an issue in India and other countries. It is estimated by analyzing sex ratios at birth, which are normally 103-107 girls per 100 boys. In India, the ratio has risen from 102.4 in 1961 to 108.8 in 2011 in some regions, suggesting more female foeticides. While illegal, sex-selective abortions remain an issue, though some debate whether social and natural factors also influence ratios. The TV show Satyamev Jayate highlighted the problem and got fast-track courts established in Rajasthan to prosecute offenders more quickly.
Sex ratio and mortality1
The document discusses sex ratios and mortality rates in India, Bangladesh, Japan, and the U.S. It notes that India's sex ratio improved from 933 to 940 females per 1000 males from 2001 to 2011 according to the Indian census, with Kerala having the highest ratio at 1084. Bangladesh's ratio is nearly equal at 100.3 males per 100 females. Japan's population is decreasing due to fewer births and an aging population. Infant mortality is defined as the death of a child under age 1 and is affected by factors like access to healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation.
Sex ratio and mortality1
The document discusses sex ratios and mortality rates in India, Bangladesh, Japan, and the U.S. It notes that India's sex ratio improved from 933 to 940 females per 1000 males from 2001 to 2011 according to the Indian census, with Kerala having the highest ratio at 1084. Bangladesh's ratio is nearly equal at 100.3 males per 100 females. Japan's population is decreasing due to fewer births and an aging population. Infant mortality is defined as the death of a child under age 1 and is affected by factors like access to healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation.
Sex ratio and mortality rate 2
The document discusses sex ratios and mortality rates in India, Bangladesh, Japan, and the U.S. It notes that India's sex ratio improved from 933 to 940 females per 1000 males from 2001 to 2011 according to the Indian census, with Kerala having the highest ratio at 1084. Bangladesh's ratio is nearly equal at 100.3 males per 100 females. Japan's population is decreasing due to fewer births and an aging population. Infant mortality is defined as the death of a child under age 1 and is affected by factors like access to healthcare, nutrition, and sanitation.
Gender discrimination
This presentation will let you know about the status of women and how to deal with the various problems faced by women.
Save Girl Child Project ISR
This document provides information about Mamta Singh's Individual Social Responsibility project on the social cause of saving the girl child. It includes an executive summary, introduction, key issues related to medical ethics, legal jurisdiction, and socio-economic issues facing the girl child such as declining sex ratios, female foeticide, and initiatives to address child marriage and education. It also discusses the work of the NGO Save Girl Child Organization and the national plan of action to save the girl child in India.
Role of gender in contraceptive use among currently married women in uttar pr...
The document summarizes a study on the role of gender preference on contraceptive use among married women in Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, India. Some key findings:
1. Son preference is strongly reflected in the desire for more children among women without sons. 83% of such women in UP and 87% in Bihar want more children.
2. Contraceptive use is much lower among women without sons - only 18% in UP and 6% in Bihar of such women use contraception.
3. Logistic regression found that women with more sons are significantly more likely to use contraception compared to those with more daughters, indicating son preference impacts family planning acceptance.
Gender based violence in the womb
The document lists the professional accomplishments and positions held by Dr. Laxmi Shrikhande, including being Chairperson Elect of ICOG, National Corresponding Editor of JOGI, and founder of various organizations. It then discusses gender-based violence against females in the womb in India through practices like female feticide and infanticide due to a strong son preference. It notes the social, economic, and religious factors that contribute to this issue, as well as efforts made through laws and policies to address prenatal sex selection and promote the education and welfare of girls in India.
Highlights of the Report ‘Children in India 2012- A Statistical Appraisal’ *
The document summarizes key statistics about children in India from Census and survey data. It finds that while India's total population grew from 2001-2011, the number of children aged 0-6 declined. Several states have alarmingly low child sex ratios below 900. Malnutrition is a major issue, with nearly half of children under-5 stunted and over 40% underweight. Immunization coverage is around 60% nationally but varies significantly between states and demographics. School enrollment has increased but many children still do not complete primary or upper primary levels. Around 13 million children work, many in hazardous occupations like construction or factories.
Down with low child sex ratio challenges ahead
The document discusses India's declining child sex ratio and the challenges posed by it. It defines child sex ratio and outlines trends over time and across states, showing a decline nationally from 927 to 914 girls per 1000 boys between 2001-2011. The decline is attributed to son preference, the economic burden of dowry, and sex-selective abortions. Impacts include millions fewer girls and potential issues like violence, trafficking, and social instability. Solutions discussed include promoting girls' education and status, enforcing laws against sex determination and female foeticide, and addressing underlying social and economic factors contributing to son preference.
preference to male child
The document discusses son preference in India and its implications. It summarizes a study by Rohini Pande of the International Center for Research on Women that addressed three questions: 1) What does a culture of son preference mean for the health and care of girls? 2) How strong is the ideology of son preference in India? 3) What factors exacerbate or diminish its strength? The study used National Family Health Survey data to find that son preference has negative implications for the treatment and well-being of girls, exhibiting the strength of son preference ideology in India. Certain social and economic factors were found to strengthen son preference.
Sex ratio and mortality rate3
The document discusses sex ratios and mortality rates in several countries over time. It provides data on sex ratios at birth in Japan from 1947 to 1978, noting a non-linear negative association between sex ratio and birth order. Under-five mortality rates declined substantially in Japan and Bangladesh between 1960 and 2013. Sex ratios in India have risen slightly over the past few decades to 940 females per 1000 males in 2011. The document also discusses trends in mortality rates and efforts to achieve UN Millennium Development Goals in India.
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women in Nepal (SRHR)
The purpose of this brief is to highlight the status of sexual and reproductive health rights of women in Nepal, discuss the gaps and challenges in the policies to address the ground realities of women with sexual and reproductive needs and to ensure their rights. As the brief includes the ‘voices’ of grassroot women and stakeholders, it is expected to demand accountability and changes in direction where it is urgently needed and suggest changes or strengthening as necessary at different levels, including the upcoming International Conference on Population and Development. (ICPD)+20.
CHETANA
The document discusses issues related to women's empowerment and safety in India. It provides statistics showing high levels of domestic violence, female feticide, rape, and illiteracy among women. It then proposes a solution to implement a joint government and non-government organization controlled system with four tiers from the national to local block level to oversee programs for women's empowerment and safety. Key roles and authorities at each level are outlined.
ChildLine Barmer Annual report 2013 - 14
In spite of 21st century, India is still facing cultural differences, religious revival, globalization, environmental hazards, gender inequality, increased poverty and technological backwardness. These problems are continuously haunting the lives of the people and consequently keeping most of our brethren at the threshold of being less privileged and marginalized. Considering various issues and problems are faced by Children today; malnutrition, discrimination in education , high dropout rate, low skills, less participation in decision making, Child abuse, child labor, Child distress and others, organizations are positioning its feet forward to include ‘Child rights’ in its planning and implementation process. In concern with the same, All the Five organizations have implemented CHILDLINE project, which was of finished one year to conceptualize Rights of child through 1098 free phone Service. Through this project, it was intended to enhance the children rights and Social Status of the child especially in the community. CHILDLINE Barmer started on 2011. Since its inception, CHILDLINE Barmer has played a very remarkable role in every aspect, where it responds to every child who dials 1098 and provides Emergency assistance through intervention and long-term follow up. A National, 24 Hour Emergency outreach service, CHILDLINE is a free phone helpline for children in need of care and protection. The CHILDLINE NUMBER 1098 is a toll free number that is common in all the cities of India. Initially started in Mumbai in June 1996, and currently it has been initiated to 195 Cities, across India. CHILDLINE focuses on the most marginalized children in the cities/districts.
Street children, children in domestic work, children who have been abused, child victims of the flesh trade, differently able children, child addicts, children in conflict with the law, children in institutions, mentally ill children, and children affected by HIV/AIDS, children whose families are in crises etc.
CHILDLINE aims at providing emergency assistance to the needs of these children, and then link them to long term services. CHILDLINE also aims at strengthening the child protection systems in the city by sensitizing the allied systems on child rights and placing children on their agenda. In every city, CHILDLINE aims at voicing the concerns and issues of children to policy makers and thus advocate services for children.
Similar to Save Girl Child (20)
Determinants of declining child sex ratio in rajasthan
Determinants of declining child sex ratio in rajasthan
Role of gender in contraceptive use among currently married women in uttar pr...
Role of gender in contraceptive use among currently married women in uttar pr...
Highlights of the Report ‘Children in India 2012- A Statistical Appraisal’ *
Highlights of the Report ‘Children in India 2012- A Statistical Appraisal’ *
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women in Nepal (SRHR)
Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights of Women in Nepal (SRHR)
Save Girl Child
- 1. Sex Ratio : A broad Scenario Dr. K. P. Patel Appropriate Authority (PNDT) & Chief District Health Officer, Jamnagar
- 2. It is an index of male - female (im)balance in population. Sex ratio, in India, is defined as the number of females per 1000 males in the population. Internationally sex ratio is defined as number of males per 100 females. At the Census 2001, sex ratio of population stood at 933 females per 1000 males a marginal increase from 927 recorded at the 1991 Census What is Sex Ratio ?
- 4. Population of India (in millions)
- 6. Sex Ratio (Females per 1000 males) India and Gujarat
- 8. Gujarat- Child sex ratio in age group 0-6(Districts) 1991 (923) 2001 (883)
- 9. Taluka wise Sex Ratio
- 11. Reporting Unit wise Analysis
- 17. Discrimination against the girl child
- 18. Socio-Economic and physical insecurity of women
- 19. Evil of dowry
- 20. Misuse of PNDT Act.