Session 3 - SEA and EIA activities overview by Tea Aulavuo and Martin Smutny, UNECE
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This document summarizes progress made on strategic environmental assessment (SEA) and environmental impact assessment (EIA) in several Eastern European and Caucasus countries. It outlines key outputs and achievements in each country, including passing new laws on SEA and EIA, conducting pilot projects, training workshops, and developing guidance documents and awareness materials. Overall, progress has been made in establishing legal frameworks, building capacity for SEA and EIA through training, and raising general awareness of their importance for sustainable development.
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Session 3 - SEA and EIA activities overview by Tea Aulavuo and Martin Smutny, UNECE
- 1. Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
- 2. • Tools for: green growth, attaining Sustainable Development Goals and address climate change • Ensure that environmental and health implications of strategic and project-related decisions on economic development are considered and addressed before decisions are taken • Improve planning • Save time and costs • Improve decision-making and strengthen governance (transparency, participation, ownership) • Streamline economic growth • Enhance cross-sectoral and transboundary cooperation Importance of SEA and EIA
- 3. • Alignment of national EIA and SEA legislation and procedures with UNECE Espoo Convention & the Protocol on SEA and EU EIA & SEA Directives • Building capacity for their effective implementation following international good practice Main goals = accomplishments
- 4. Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Georgia Republic of Moldova Ukraine
- 5. Armenia Azerbaijan Belarus Georgia Republic of Moldova Ukraine
- 6. ARMENIA
- 7. • The Law on EIA and Ecological Expertise adopted (2014) • The draft amendments to the Law on EIA and Ecological Expertise and the draft Governmental Decision on SEA prepared (2017) Major outputs and achievements • Pilot SEA of National Strategic Development Plan, Road Map, and Long-Term Investment Plan for the Solid Waste Management Sector of Armenia carried out (2016 – 2017) • Training workshops organized (as a part of the pilot SEA) • SEA guidelines and SEA/EIA capacity building ‘roadmap’ will be finalized
- 8. AZERBAIJAN
- 9. Major outputs and achievements • Draft legislation on EIA and SEA was revised, improved and submitted to the Cabinet of Ministers of Azerbaijan Republic • A number of persons gained theoretical knowledge on SEA, awareness raised on SEA among governmental authorities and civil society (video on SEA in Azerbaijani prepared) • SEA was applied to the National strategy on alternative and renewable energy use following major steps outlined by the Protocol on SEA • Preparation of SEA recommendation paper was initiated, the final draft shall foster implementation of the SEA legislation
- 10. BELARUS
- 11. Major outputs and achievements • SEA was introduced by adoption of the Law on State Ecological Expertise, SEA and EIA (July 2016) • Regulation on SEA procedure, providing further details (content of SEA report, requirement for the SEA specialist, etc.) approved • Legal round-tables, drafting sessions and training workshop organized at the national and local levels • Transboundary EIA pilot on Post - Project Analysis for Khotislavskoye quarry (Belarus – Ukraine) implemented • Recommendations for improving transboundary EIA procedures and carrying out post-project analysis formulated
- 12. GEORGIA
- 13. Major outputs and achievements • The Environmental Assessment Code was adopted by the Parliament in June 2017 • Guidelines on Practical Implementation of SEA and EIA were prepared • Pilot SEA of the National Waste Management Strategy and Action Plan was implemented • A number of experts were trained on SEA (national training workshops, dedicated training events) events) • Awareness on SEA was raised (video on SEA in Georgian prepared, high-level events, national SEA/EIA capacity development strategy)
- 15. Major outputs and achievements • Law on EIA adopted in May 2014 (in force since January 2015) • Law on SEA adopted by Parliament in March 2017 (will enter in force in March 2018) • Draft Guidelines on SEA prepared • SEA pilots at national (Road Map on Green Economy) and local (Master Plan of Orhei City) levels implemented • A number of people trained on SEA both at the national and regional levels • Broad awareness and information campaign in the country organized (SEA/EIA capacity development roadmap will be finalized)
- 16. UKRAINE
- 17. Major outputs and achievements • New SEA and EIA legislation prepared, Law on EIA already adopted and signed by the President – UNECE assisted in promoting a need to prepare and introduce legislative framework for SEA and EIA • Awareness on SEA raised (over sixty representatives of governmental authorities and CSOs attended SEA seminars, SEA/EIA capacity development roadmap will be finalized) • Pilot project on the transboundary EIA post-project analysis (Khotislavskoye quarry) was carried out in cooperation between Belarus and Ukraine • Methodological recommendations on SEA application prepared to support implementation of SEA and EIA procedures
- 19. • Overview of legislative and administrative reforms for implementing SEA in Eastern Europe and the Caucasus • General Guidance for Developing SEA Framework Major outputs and achievements • Three sub-regional events organized: Study tour on SEA to the Czech Republic (2014) 1 st Sub-regional conference & Training of trainers workshop: Enhancing SEA in selected countries of Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia (Georgia, 2015) 2 nd Sub-regional workshop: Sharing experience with introducing SEA and EIA in selected countries of Eastern Europe and the Caucasus (Ukraine, 2017) • Manual for Trainers: Application of the Protocol on SEA • Video and brochure on SEA facts and benefits
- 21. • New legislative framework prepared and – in the most of the countries – adopted • General awareness on SEA has been raised, especially among the decision-makers at the national level and sectoral ministries • Awareness-raising materials available • There are capacities at the national level to coordinate SEA and EIA procedures • A network of ‘focal points’ has been established to exchange experience and to communicate on ‘daily matters’ • A ‘core group’ of experts exists in each country able to develop and deliver trainings on SEA/EIA • Training materials available
Editor's Notes
- Better environmental protection (identification of key environmental issues of a project; raising awareness of E and H consequences of project or plan implementation; safeguard human health, and protected areas & sites, critical habitats & important biodiversity conservation areas; environmental impacts avoided or reduced by revising the project design; opting for more sustainable alternatives; introducing mitigation & compensatory measures to reduce adverse impact; Measures to adapt to climate change; Identification of project alternatives; avoidance of irreversible & severe effects Better planning: project or plan design can be improved, including higher environmental standards; but also planning can be more focused, rigorous, consistent, open to alternatives; identification of new innovative opportunities for development, Encouragement of new approaches Saves time and money: Risk of costly mistakes reduced; it is cheaper to prevent damage before it occurs rather than having to remedy it after; or having to take corrective actions (such as relocating or redesigning facilities) ; Facilitates later project development and related environmental assessment procedures and thus reduces the timeframes for project finance approval Better decision-making and improved governance (Decision-making can be better informed & more objective;; Contribute to rendering decision-making more inclusive, transparent democratic and participatory by requiring consultation of authorities and the public . This will improve understanding and social acceptance of decisions; SEA reduces risks for proponents/investors (better acceptance of future projects, fewer appeals) and at the project level: better understanding between community & developer; enhancement of the developer’s environmental credibility Can streamline economic growth – by revealing potential conflicts amongst economic sectors (e.g. competition over water resources between agriculture and hydro-energy)