1. The document discusses the relationship between migraine and thrombofilia, specifically looking at the MTHFR C677T polymorphism which is associated with higher homocysteine levels and cardiovascular disease risk.
2. One study found the TT genotype was less common in migraine patients but conferred higher risk of ischemic stroke in those with migraine with aura.
3. A meta-analysis found conflicting data on the association between migraine and the C677T polymorphism with high heterogeneity between studies related to ethnicity.
L’Astaxantina è un carotenoide, un pigmento organico che si trova prevalentemente nelle alghe, nel fitoplancton e, in misura minore, in alcuni funghi e batteri. Molti tipi di alghe e plancton contenenti Astaxantina sono alla base della catena alimentare. E' per questa ragione che l’Astaxantina si trova in molte specie marine.
Tramite la dieta quotidiana tutti prima o poi consumiamo piccoli quantitativi di Astaxantina, purtroppo senza sapere di cosa si tratti e di conseguenza ignorandone le straordinarie proprietà.
Silvestrini Mauro. Cefalea e dissecazione arteriosa. ASMaD 2011Gianfranco Tammaro
1) The document discusses the relationship between headaches and cervical artery dissection, noting that headaches are a common presenting symptom of dissections.
2) It reports that studies have found migraine is more common in patients who experience spontaneous cervical artery dissections compared to other stroke patients.
3) The mechanism by which migraine may increase the risk of dissection is unknown but possibly involves changes to the extracellular matrix and carotid artery distensibility.
1. The document discusses the relationship between migraine and thrombofilia, specifically looking at the MTHFR C677T polymorphism which is associated with higher homocysteine levels and cardiovascular disease risk.
2. One study found the TT genotype was less common in migraine patients but conferred higher risk of ischemic stroke in those with migraine with aura.
3. A meta-analysis found conflicting data on the association between migraine and the C677T polymorphism with high heterogeneity between studies related to ethnicity.
L’Astaxantina è un carotenoide, un pigmento organico che si trova prevalentemente nelle alghe, nel fitoplancton e, in misura minore, in alcuni funghi e batteri. Molti tipi di alghe e plancton contenenti Astaxantina sono alla base della catena alimentare. E' per questa ragione che l’Astaxantina si trova in molte specie marine.
Tramite la dieta quotidiana tutti prima o poi consumiamo piccoli quantitativi di Astaxantina, purtroppo senza sapere di cosa si tratti e di conseguenza ignorandone le straordinarie proprietà.
Silvestrini Mauro. Cefalea e dissecazione arteriosa. ASMaD 2011Gianfranco Tammaro
1) The document discusses the relationship between headaches and cervical artery dissection, noting that headaches are a common presenting symptom of dissections.
2) It reports that studies have found migraine is more common in patients who experience spontaneous cervical artery dissections compared to other stroke patients.
3) The mechanism by which migraine may increase the risk of dissection is unknown but possibly involves changes to the extracellular matrix and carotid artery distensibility.
This document summarizes the benefits of joining Forever Living Products as a distributor. It discusses Forever Living's long history of success since 1978, with over $2.6 billion in annual worldwide turnover. As a distributor, you can earn income through retail commissions, building a team, and incentives like the Chairman's Bonus of up to £500,000. Forever Living offers training, marketing tools, and a supportive community to help distributors succeed with a flexible home-based business model distributing high-quality aloe vera and other health products.
Gran parte delle patologie e dell’invecchiamento degli esseri viventi sono causati da processi chimici ossidativi generati da produzione eccessiva di radicali liberi. La presentazione mostra nello specifico l'impatto dello stress ossidativo sulla riproduzione.
Una linea di integratori che grazie alla tecnologia della sospensione in gel e alla praticità della monodose si pone al top per innovazione ed efficacia.
This document summarizes a research project on molecular changes in mood disorders led by Prof. Massimo Cocchi at the "Paolo Sotgiu" Institute for research in Quantitative & Quantum Psychiatry & Cardiology. The project will examine blood chemistry, markers of oxidative stress, platelet membrane markers, and gene expression in subjects with mood disorders. Clinical aspects will be led by Dott. Raimondo Venanzini and Dott. Raffaella Silvestri. Analysis will be conducted by Dott. Massimo Valentini, Dott. Serena Benedetti, Dott. Maria Chiara Tagliamone, Prof. Anna Rita Mastrogiacomo, Dott.
The document discusses neural correlates of higher level brain functions. It covers several topics:
1) Experience arises at the quantum level in ion channel proteins, with quantum properties like coherence and entanglement playing a role.
2) Construction of perception involves transitions from quantum to classical domains in the brain, mediated by ion channel proteins. Top-down processes and long-range connections in large brains are important for conscious perception.
3) Perception emerges from complex interactions between ascending and recurrent signaling in the brain, with feedback thought to be crucial for awareness. Receptive field properties evolve along synaptic distances in hierarchical cortical networks.
El documento explora las diferencias entre qubits y bits, así como las formas del verbo latino "cogitare" (pensar) en diferentes tiempos verbales como el presente, pasado e imperfecto.
The document discusses brain nutrition and glucose homeostasis. It notes that the brain relies primarily on glucose as an energy source and that impaired glucose regulation can contribute to cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Maintaining normal blood glucose levels is important for brain health. The document also discusses how omega-3 fatty acids like DHA found in fish are important for brain structure and function and may help protect against cognitive decline. Following a Mediterranean diet with fish, olive oil, fruits and vegetables may help support brain health.
This document discusses the possibility of using computational drug design for neurological disorders. It summarizes research showing that microtubules in neurons may function as quantum computers capable of vast information processing and storage comparable to the human brain. Various neurological diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS involve disruption of microtubule structure and function. The document proposes that stabilizing microtubules through drug design could help treat and prevent neurodegeneration in these diseases. It reviews evidence that general anesthetics may interact with and alter microtubules, influencing memory formation and consciousness. Overall, the document argues microtubules are promising targets for computational drug design approaches to neurological disorders.
This document discusses neuromodulation techniques for psychiatric disorders, including deep brain stimulation (DBS) and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). It provides an overview of DBS and VNS indications for various psychiatric conditions such as OCD, depression, Tourette's syndrome, and more. The document also describes specific DBS and VNS cases from Italy for conditions like OCD, depression, and chronic pain. It discusses the state of the field and guidelines for ethical surgery for psychiatric disorders.
According to Rasenick (**), Gsα localization within lipid rafts is linked to MD, Suicide, Mood Disorder and so on.
** Rasenick MM, et al. Depression, Gs, and Lipid Rafts. J Neurosci. 2008 Mar 19;28(12):3042-50.
The document appears to be notes from a psychiatrist discussing various cases. It includes descriptions of patients' symptoms like delusions, hallucinations, and depressed mood. The psychiatrist also notes the patients' histories of conditions like delusions and depression. Various theoretical constructs are mentioned in brackets, relating to disturbances in brain networks, optimization and deoptimization dynamics, and other factors.
- The document discusses a conference on approaches to psychopathology, including molecular and quantum approaches.
- It notes the large burden of chronic non-communicable diseases in Europe, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, COPD, diabetes, neurological disorders, mental disorders, and dementias.
- The conference aimed to explore alliances to address non-communicable diseases, a pathological approach, common risk factors, models, and questions around combining biological and psychological approaches.
This document summarizes a research project on molecular changes in mood disorders led by Prof. Massimo Cocchi at the "Paolo Sotgiu" Institute for research in Quantitative & Quantum Psychiatry & Cardiology. The project will examine blood chemistry, markers of oxidative stress, platelet membrane markers, and gene expression in subjects with mood disorders. Clinical aspects will be led by Dott. Raimondo Venanzini and Dott. Raffaella Silvestri. Analysis will be conducted by Dott. Massimo Valentini, Dott. Serena Benedetti, Dott. Maria Chiara Tagliamone, Prof. Anna Rita Mastrogiacomo, Dott.
This document summarizes the benefits of joining Forever Living Products as a distributor. It discusses Forever Living's long history of success since 1978, with over $2.6 billion in annual worldwide turnover. As a distributor, you can earn income through retail commissions, building a team, and incentives like the Chairman's Bonus of up to £500,000. Forever Living offers training, marketing tools, and a supportive community to help distributors succeed with a flexible home-based business model distributing high-quality aloe vera and other health products.
Gran parte delle patologie e dell’invecchiamento degli esseri viventi sono causati da processi chimici ossidativi generati da produzione eccessiva di radicali liberi. La presentazione mostra nello specifico l'impatto dello stress ossidativo sulla riproduzione.
Una linea di integratori che grazie alla tecnologia della sospensione in gel e alla praticità della monodose si pone al top per innovazione ed efficacia.
This document summarizes a research project on molecular changes in mood disorders led by Prof. Massimo Cocchi at the "Paolo Sotgiu" Institute for research in Quantitative & Quantum Psychiatry & Cardiology. The project will examine blood chemistry, markers of oxidative stress, platelet membrane markers, and gene expression in subjects with mood disorders. Clinical aspects will be led by Dott. Raimondo Venanzini and Dott. Raffaella Silvestri. Analysis will be conducted by Dott. Massimo Valentini, Dott. Serena Benedetti, Dott. Maria Chiara Tagliamone, Prof. Anna Rita Mastrogiacomo, Dott.
The document discusses neural correlates of higher level brain functions. It covers several topics:
1) Experience arises at the quantum level in ion channel proteins, with quantum properties like coherence and entanglement playing a role.
2) Construction of perception involves transitions from quantum to classical domains in the brain, mediated by ion channel proteins. Top-down processes and long-range connections in large brains are important for conscious perception.
3) Perception emerges from complex interactions between ascending and recurrent signaling in the brain, with feedback thought to be crucial for awareness. Receptive field properties evolve along synaptic distances in hierarchical cortical networks.
El documento explora las diferencias entre qubits y bits, así como las formas del verbo latino "cogitare" (pensar) en diferentes tiempos verbales como el presente, pasado e imperfecto.
The document discusses brain nutrition and glucose homeostasis. It notes that the brain relies primarily on glucose as an energy source and that impaired glucose regulation can contribute to cognitive decline and Alzheimer's disease. Maintaining normal blood glucose levels is important for brain health. The document also discusses how omega-3 fatty acids like DHA found in fish are important for brain structure and function and may help protect against cognitive decline. Following a Mediterranean diet with fish, olive oil, fruits and vegetables may help support brain health.
This document discusses the possibility of using computational drug design for neurological disorders. It summarizes research showing that microtubules in neurons may function as quantum computers capable of vast information processing and storage comparable to the human brain. Various neurological diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS involve disruption of microtubule structure and function. The document proposes that stabilizing microtubules through drug design could help treat and prevent neurodegeneration in these diseases. It reviews evidence that general anesthetics may interact with and alter microtubules, influencing memory formation and consciousness. Overall, the document argues microtubules are promising targets for computational drug design approaches to neurological disorders.
This document discusses neuromodulation techniques for psychiatric disorders, including deep brain stimulation (DBS) and vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). It provides an overview of DBS and VNS indications for various psychiatric conditions such as OCD, depression, Tourette's syndrome, and more. The document also describes specific DBS and VNS cases from Italy for conditions like OCD, depression, and chronic pain. It discusses the state of the field and guidelines for ethical surgery for psychiatric disorders.
According to Rasenick (**), Gsα localization within lipid rafts is linked to MD, Suicide, Mood Disorder and so on.
** Rasenick MM, et al. Depression, Gs, and Lipid Rafts. J Neurosci. 2008 Mar 19;28(12):3042-50.
The document appears to be notes from a psychiatrist discussing various cases. It includes descriptions of patients' symptoms like delusions, hallucinations, and depressed mood. The psychiatrist also notes the patients' histories of conditions like delusions and depression. Various theoretical constructs are mentioned in brackets, relating to disturbances in brain networks, optimization and deoptimization dynamics, and other factors.
- The document discusses a conference on approaches to psychopathology, including molecular and quantum approaches.
- It notes the large burden of chronic non-communicable diseases in Europe, including cardiovascular disease, cancer, COPD, diabetes, neurological disorders, mental disorders, and dementias.
- The conference aimed to explore alliances to address non-communicable diseases, a pathological approach, common risk factors, models, and questions around combining biological and psychological approaches.
This document summarizes a research project on molecular changes in mood disorders led by Prof. Massimo Cocchi at the "Paolo Sotgiu" Institute for research in Quantitative & Quantum Psychiatry & Cardiology. The project will examine blood chemistry, markers of oxidative stress, platelet membrane markers, and gene expression in subjects with mood disorders. Clinical aspects will be led by Dott. Raimondo Venanzini and Dott. Raffaella Silvestri. Analysis will be conducted by Dott. Massimo Valentini, Dott. Serena Benedetti, Dott. Maria Chiara Tagliamone, Prof. Anna Rita Mastrogiacomo, Dott.
This document summarizes research on fatty acid alterations in mood disorders and metabolic syndrome. Key points:
1) Studies have found low omega-3 PUFA levels and increased omega-6/omega-3 ratios in depressed patients compared to controls. Lipid peroxidation products and homocysteine are also elevated while folate is decreased.
2) Alterations in fatty acid composition in erythrocytes and plasma of depressed patients involve saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids of different chain lengths. Desaturase and elongase enzyme activity is affected.
3) These fatty acid changes are partly due to diet but also reflect increased oxidative stress from genetic, lifestyle, metabolic
This document discusses David Bohm's interpretation of quantum theory and its implications for the mind-body problem. It summarizes Bohm's view that particles have both particle and wave properties, with the wave guiding the particle. Bohm proposed that information carried by a quantum field actively guides particles. Similarly, mental information may be carried by subtle fields or potentials that actively organize brain processes. This provides a framework for understanding how mind and matter can mutually influence each other.
1. Microtubules may be involved in psychopathology through their roles in cellular processes and potential for information processing.
2. Dysfunction of microtubule polymerization and depolymerization cycles could underlie mental illnesses like depression through abnormal protein transport and neural activity.
3. Impaired quantum information processing in microtubules has been proposed as a potential mechanism contributing to mental illnesses. More research is needed to validate these microtubule-based models of psychopathology.
This document discusses paradigm shifts in psychiatry, specifically moving away from the dominant biomedical model. It outlines Thomas Kuhn's theory of paradigm shifts in science and provides examples. The document argues for a new paradigm in psychiatry based on quantum physics, which avoids mind-body dualism and allows for concepts like psychogenic causality, backward causality, and free will. It suggests quantum physics provides insights used intuitively by psychiatrists.
1. Università di Urbino “Carlo Bo”
Dip.to Scienze
Biomolecolari Sez.
Biochimica Clinica
Dott.ssa
Serena Benedetti
Dott.ssa Maria Chiara Tagliamonte
Dott.ssa Simona Catalani
Prof. Franco Canestrari
Profilo ossidativo ed
infiammatorio in soggetti
affetti da depressione
maggiore e disturbo bipolare
Oxidative and inflammatory
profiles in major depression
and bipolarism
2. Stress ossidativo
(Oxidative Rottura di un equilibrio tra produzione
di specie ossidanti e meccanismi di
stress) difesa antiossidante
Lo stress ossidativo da radicali liberi è uno dei fattori che
contribuiscono ad accelerare il normale processo di
invecchiamento ed interviene nella patogenesi di numerose
malattie degenerative e nella fisiopatologia di numerosi disordini
neuropsichiatrici.
Grande consumo di O2 e
produzione di radicali liberi (ROS)
Ricco di acidi grassi polinsaturi
(PUFA) facilmente ossidabili
Ridotti livelli di difese antiossidanti
STRESS OSSIDATIVO INFIAMMAZIONE
3. Valutazione clinica dello stress ossidativo in
soggetti con disturbi dell’umore
(Oxidative stress evaluation in mood disorders)
SOGGETTI
Pazienti depressi (DM) n=40
28 femmine, età media 49 anni
12 maschi, età media 54 anni
Pazienti bipolari (BP) n=65
43 femmine, età media 51 anni
22 maschi, età media 49 anni
Controlli (CTR) (non trattati) n=27
10 femmine, età media 38 anni
17 maschi, età media 39 anni
4. Analisi biochimiche ematiche
(Blood biochemical analyses)
Antiossidanti liposolubili plasmatici:
carotenoidi (luteina, licopene, α e β-carotene)
vitamina A (retinolo)
vitamina E (δ, γ, α-tocoferolo)
Marcatori plasmatici di danno ossidativo:
lipoproteine a bassa densità ossidate (LDLox)
omocisteina
Indici plasmatici di infiammazione:
interleuchina 6 (IL-6)
fattore di necrosi tumorale (TNF-α)
leucotriene B4 (LTB4)
prostaglandina E2 (PGE2)
tromboxano B2 (TBX2)
Serotonina piastrinica e plasmatica
5. LUTEINA
Carotenoidi LICOPENE
(Carotenoids) BETA-CAROTENE
0,45
*p<0.05 vs CTR 0,9
*p<0.05 vs CTR
0,40
0,8
0,35
0,7
0,30
* * 0,6 * *
Luteina (µmol/L)
Licopene (µmol/L)
0,25
-19% 0,5 -18% -21%
-24%
0,20
0,4
0,15
0,3
0,10
0,2
0,05
0,1
0,00
0,0
CTR DM BP
CTR DM BP
1,0
*p<0.05 vs CTR
0,9
0,8
Nei soggetti con DM e BP
Beta-carotene (µmol/L)
0,7
0,6
i livelli di carotenoidi sono
*
0,5
* significativamente più
0,4
-38% -40% bassi rispetto ai controlli,
0,3
con riduzioni dal 20% al
0,2
40%.
0,1
0,0
CTR DM BP
6. Vitamine A ed E RETINOLO
(Vitamins A and E) ALFA-TOCOFEROLO
25
2,2
2,0
1,8 20
-6%
-9%
Alfa-tocoferolo (µmol/L)
1,6
-7%
Retinolo (µmol/L)
1,4 -9% 15
1,2
1,0
10
0,8
0,6
5
0,4
0,2
0,0 0
CTR DM BP CTR DM BP
Nei soggetti con DM e BP la riduzione dei livelli di vitamine A ed E è
inferiore al 10% rispetto ai controlli, la differenza non è statisticamente
significativa.
7. LDLox e Omocisteina
(oxLDL and Homocysteine)
2,8 20
*p<0.05 DM vs CTR *p<0.05 DM vs CTR
**p<0.05 DM vs BP 18 **p<0.05 DM vs BP
2,4 *
16
2,0 14
*
+58%
Omocisteina (µmol/l)
**
+21%
**
LDLox (ng/ml)
12
1,6
10
1,2
8
0,8 6
4
0,4
2
0,0 0
CTR DM BP CTR DM BP
Nei soggetti con DM si ha un aumento significativo dei livelli di LDLox e
omocisteina sia rispetto ai CTR che ai soggetti con BP.
Aumento del rischio cardiovascolare nei soggetti con DM.
8. Citochine infiammatorie Molecole proteiche
prodotte dalle cellule del
(Inflammatory cytokines) sistema immunitario
80 24
IL-6 (pg/ml) TNF-α (pg/ml)
22
70
20 *p<0.05 CTR vs DM
60 18
16 *
50
14
40 12
10
30
8
20 6
4
10
2
0 0
CTR DM BP CTR DM BP
Nei soggetti con DM e BP si ha un accumulo di TNFalfa rispetto
ai controlli.
9. Leucotrieni, prostaglandine e
Eicosanoidi trombossani sono derivati
dell‘acido arachidonico
(Eicosanoids) ad attività infiammatoria
450 550 6000
LTB4 (pg/ml) PGE2 (pg/ml) TXB2 (pg/ml)
500
400 *p<0.05 CTR vs DM
*p<0.05 CTR vs BP
5000
450
350
* 400 *
300 4000
350
250 300
3000
200 250
200
150 2000
150
100
100 1000
50
50
0 0 0
CTR DM BP CTR DM BP CTR DM BP
Nei soggetti con DM e BP si ha un accumulo di eicosanoidi
rispetto ai controlli.
10. VES e PCR
(Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate and C Reactive Protein)
18 0,7
*p<0.05 vs CTR *p<0.05 vs CTR
16 *
14
* 0,6
* 0,5
12
VES (mm/h)
PCR (mg/dl)
10 0,4
8 0,3
6
0,2
4
0,1
2
0 0,0
CTR DM BP CTR DM BP
Nei soggetti con DM e BP si ha un aumento della VES e della PCR
rispetto ai controlli.
Presenza di uno stato infiammatorio nei soggetti con DM e BP.
11. Conclusioni
(Conclusions)
I soggetti depressi e bipolari presentano una riduzione delle difese
antiossidanti plasmatiche soprattutto per quanto riguarda i carotenoidi.
Allo stesso tempo nei pazienti si osserva un accumulo dei marcatori
dell’infiammazione quali citochine ed eicosanoidi.
I soggetti con depressione maggiore presentano anche un aumento di
LDLox ed omocisteina, associate ad un aumento del rischio
cardiovascolare.
L’integrazione con antiossidanti è efficace sia come supporto
alla terapia farmacologica (genericamente pro-ossidante) che
nel contenimento dei fenomeni ossidativi ed infiammatori che
caratterizzano i disturbi dell’umore.
12. Serotonina Attività pro-aggregante piastrinica
(Serotonin) e vasocostrittrice
I soggetti con DM e BP presentano livelli significativamente più
bassi di serotonina plasmatica e piastrinica rispetto ai soggetti di
controllo non trattati.
Bassi livelli di serotonina piastrinica possono essere dovuti almeno
in parte all’effetto dei farmaci serotoninergici responsabili
dell’inibizione della captazione della serotonina a livello del
recettore presente sulla membrana della piastrina.
13. Serotonina piastrinica e farmaci serotoninergici (S)
(Platelet serotonin and serotoninergic drugs)
600
550
CTR non trattati
Serotonina piastrinica (ng/10 piastrine)
500
450
400
9
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
DM-S DM+S BP-S BP+S
Sia nei soggetti DM che BP il trattamento con farmaci
serotoninergici (+S) riduce i livelli di serotonina piastrinica.
In assenza di trattamento con farmaci serotoninergici (-S) i
soggetti con DM e BP presentano ridotti livelli di serotonina
piastrinica rispetto ai controlli.
14. Serotonina piastrinica nei controlli non trattati
(Platelet serotonin in non-treated controls)
900
Serotonina piastrinica (ng/10 piastrine) 800
700
600
9
+30%
500
400
300
200
100
0
Indice - Indice +
I controlli non trattati con indice di fluidità di membrana
positivo hanno livelli più alti di serotonina piastrinica rispetto
ai controlli con indice negativo.
15. Conclusioni
Sulla base dei modelli matematici costruiti e delle ipotesi fatte si
può confermare che la viscosità di membrana gioca un ruolo
fondamentale nella distribuzione della serotonina.
Questo è confermato dal fatto che i soggetti non trattati con
indice positivo e quindi membrana più viscosa hanno un livello di
serotonina piastrinica più elevato rispetto ai soggetti con indice
negativo e membrana meno viscosa.
GRAZIE A TUTTI PER
L’ATTENZIONE!!!!