1. Eutrophication is the process by which a body of water acquires a high concentration of nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates, which promotes excessive growth of algae.
2. When algae dies and decomposes, high levels of organic matter are released and decomposing organisms deplete oxygen levels, causing death of other organisms like fish.
3. Sources of eutrophication include fertilizer runoff, sewage, and industrial waste, which are difficult to regulate. Eutrophication can damage ecosystems, harm human and environmental health, and negatively impact recreation and tourism.
Implementing and learning from nutrition-sensitive fish agri-food systems, e....WorldFish
Worldfish: Nutrition Sensitive Fish Agri-Food Systems Workshop, presented by Absalom Sakala, Principal Environment Management Officer, Ministry of Water Development, Sanitation and Environmental Protection
Water supply, use, pollution and treatmentsRikiAcanto1
The document provides information on global water supply and issues related to water use, pollution, and treatment. It discusses the following key points:
1) A growing global water shortage is linked to food supply as the human population grows and water is needed to grow more food. Only 1% of the world's water is available for human use.
2) Water pollution from sources like agricultural and urban runoff degrades water quality and exposes billions of people to waterborne diseases. Pollution increases biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in water.
3) Eutrophication from excess nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus entering water bodies from fertilizers and sewage kills aquatic plants and reduces dissolved oxygen, harming ecosystems
This document discusses eutrophication of water bodies. It defines eutrophication as excessive plant growth caused by high nutrient levels. It classifies bodies of water based on their nutrient levels from oligotrophic to hypertrophic. The main causes of eutrophication are nutrient runoff from agriculture and sewage. This can lead to algal blooms, low oxygen, changes in ecosystems, and health impacts. Monitoring nutrient levels and preventing nutrient sources can help manage eutrophication.
Analyzing a lake ecosystem is an interesting and everlasting area of Environmental Studies. Since these water bodies are subjected to pollution and degradation, analyzing them is an essential requirement. These analytical works come under a special branch of Science called Limnology.
This document provides an introduction to aquatic toxicology. It discusses key terms like toxicology, toxicants, pollution, and xenobiotics. It then covers the history of aquatic toxicology, including issues from lead pipes in ancient Rome to industrial pollution in later centuries. Major challenges discussed include oil pollution, chemical dumping, and various classes of water pollutants like sewage, pathogens, and excess sediments.
Seminer on eutrophication and its controlRahul Brahma
(1) Eutrophication is the process where a body of water becomes enriched with nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates, which promotes excessive growth of algae. (2) This disrupts the aquatic ecosystem and causes oxygen levels in the water to decline, negatively impacting other organisms. (3) Sources of eutrophication include agricultural runoff, sewage, and air pollution carrying fertilizers and nitrogen. Control methods include reducing nutrient inputs and removing algae and sediment from affected waters.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollution in Limnological SystemsStacey Findlater
Point source pollution originates from identifiable, localized sources like sewage treatment plants, industrial facilities, and fish farms. It is easier to regulate than non-point source pollution. Major sources release excess nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus that can cause algal blooms, fish kills, and dead zones in affected water bodies. New technologies aim to further reduce nutrient levels in treated wastewater effluent. Excess nutrients from both point and non-point sources can lead to eutrophication if not properly managed. Wetlands and riparian buffer strips help mitigate non-point source pollution and enhance restoration efforts.
This presentation is on ocean acidification, it covers
(1) a background on ocean acidification,
(2) the chemistry between carbon dioxide & the ocean
(3) Impact of Ocean acidification on biological processes and the ecosystems.
(4) and finally some mitigation measures
I hope this ppt be useful & helpful to people working on this topic :)
Enjoy
Implementing and learning from nutrition-sensitive fish agri-food systems, e....WorldFish
Worldfish: Nutrition Sensitive Fish Agri-Food Systems Workshop, presented by Absalom Sakala, Principal Environment Management Officer, Ministry of Water Development, Sanitation and Environmental Protection
Water supply, use, pollution and treatmentsRikiAcanto1
The document provides information on global water supply and issues related to water use, pollution, and treatment. It discusses the following key points:
1) A growing global water shortage is linked to food supply as the human population grows and water is needed to grow more food. Only 1% of the world's water is available for human use.
2) Water pollution from sources like agricultural and urban runoff degrades water quality and exposes billions of people to waterborne diseases. Pollution increases biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) in water.
3) Eutrophication from excess nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus entering water bodies from fertilizers and sewage kills aquatic plants and reduces dissolved oxygen, harming ecosystems
This document discusses eutrophication of water bodies. It defines eutrophication as excessive plant growth caused by high nutrient levels. It classifies bodies of water based on their nutrient levels from oligotrophic to hypertrophic. The main causes of eutrophication are nutrient runoff from agriculture and sewage. This can lead to algal blooms, low oxygen, changes in ecosystems, and health impacts. Monitoring nutrient levels and preventing nutrient sources can help manage eutrophication.
Analyzing a lake ecosystem is an interesting and everlasting area of Environmental Studies. Since these water bodies are subjected to pollution and degradation, analyzing them is an essential requirement. These analytical works come under a special branch of Science called Limnology.
This document provides an introduction to aquatic toxicology. It discusses key terms like toxicology, toxicants, pollution, and xenobiotics. It then covers the history of aquatic toxicology, including issues from lead pipes in ancient Rome to industrial pollution in later centuries. Major challenges discussed include oil pollution, chemical dumping, and various classes of water pollutants like sewage, pathogens, and excess sediments.
Seminer on eutrophication and its controlRahul Brahma
(1) Eutrophication is the process where a body of water becomes enriched with nutrients, especially phosphates and nitrates, which promotes excessive growth of algae. (2) This disrupts the aquatic ecosystem and causes oxygen levels in the water to decline, negatively impacting other organisms. (3) Sources of eutrophication include agricultural runoff, sewage, and air pollution carrying fertilizers and nitrogen. Control methods include reducing nutrient inputs and removing algae and sediment from affected waters.
Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollution in Limnological SystemsStacey Findlater
Point source pollution originates from identifiable, localized sources like sewage treatment plants, industrial facilities, and fish farms. It is easier to regulate than non-point source pollution. Major sources release excess nutrients like nitrogen and phosphorus that can cause algal blooms, fish kills, and dead zones in affected water bodies. New technologies aim to further reduce nutrient levels in treated wastewater effluent. Excess nutrients from both point and non-point sources can lead to eutrophication if not properly managed. Wetlands and riparian buffer strips help mitigate non-point source pollution and enhance restoration efforts.
This presentation is on ocean acidification, it covers
(1) a background on ocean acidification,
(2) the chemistry between carbon dioxide & the ocean
(3) Impact of Ocean acidification on biological processes and the ecosystems.
(4) and finally some mitigation measures
I hope this ppt be useful & helpful to people working on this topic :)
Enjoy
The document provides an overview of finfish culture systems and practices. It discusses extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive systems and their key characteristics. Pond culture is described as the earliest form of aquaculture, with details on site selection and layout. Other culture methods covered include cage culture, pen culture, and running water culture using raceway systems. Integrated fish farming and culture of cold and warm water finfish are also summarized.
Water is an essential resource for life but only a tiny fraction of Earth's water is available as freshwater. As populations and demand grow, water scarcity will be a major factor in many countries' economic development. Water pollution from industrial, agricultural and domestic waste threatens available freshwater supplies. Pollution reduces water quality and can have harmful effects from toxic contaminants accumulating up the food chain to widespread impacts like eutrophication which starves aquatic ecosystems of oxygen. Improving sanitation, wastewater treatment, and adopting sustainable agricultural practices can help control water pollution.
The Aquatic Ecosystem is a game-changer in the field of aquariums. Aquatic ecosystems manage water quality and deliver a healthy, clean environment for fish to thrive. This product is at an early stage of its development and has a unique value proposition.
Eutrophication food chain in aquatic ecosystemAnuKiruthika
Eutrophication occurs when a body of water becomes overly enriched with minerals and nutrients, inducing excessive algae growth. This can deplete oxygen levels and harm plants and animals. Eutrophication can be natural, occurring over geological time, or cultural, accelerated by human activities like fertilizer and sewage runoff. Effects include hypoxia, which can kill fish, and algal blooms that block sunlight from reaching underwater plants and animals. The aquatic food chain is also disrupted, favoring bacteria and phytoplankton over larger zooplankton and reducing energy transfer efficiency. Preventing eutrophication requires reducing nutrient runoff from agriculture, development, and vehicles.
The document discusses sewage-fed fish culture in the East Kolkata Wetlands and its socioeconomic impacts. Sewage is treated through various processes like primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment before being channeled into fish ponds. Fish farmers have developed unique techniques to utilize sewage for high fish production. Over 60,000 people depend on the wetlands for their livelihood through activities like aquaculture, agriculture, and garbage farming. While the area under sewage-fed fish culture has declined due to urbanization, it still supports local communities and meets fish demand for Kolkata.
Human activities are negatively impacting ecosystems in several key ways:
- Pollution from nutrient runoff, sewage, oil spills, and thermal pollution are causing eutrophication and lowering oxygen levels in water;
- Overfishing and destructive fishing practices like poisoning and explosives are depleting fish stocks and destroying habitats;
- Global warming from greenhouse gas emissions is raising ocean temperatures and causing acidification, damaging coral reefs and marine life.
- If left unaddressed, these human impacts will continue degrading ecosystems and compromising their ability to support life.
Water contamination occurs when pollutants contaminate water sources and render the water unfit for use in drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Chemicals, garbage, bacteria, and parasites are examples of pollutants. Water is eventually contaminated by all types of pollution. Lakes and oceans become contaminated by air pollution. Land contamination may contaminate an underground stream, a river, and ultimately the ocean. As a result, trash thrown on an empty lot can eventually contaminate a water source.
WATER BUDGETING IN LIMNETIC ENVIRONMENTSalmashaik26
This document discusses the management of waterbodies for economic activities. It outlines several key uses of water including agriculture, aquaculture, drinking, irrigation, domestic use, industrial use, hydroelectric power generation, recreation, environment, and their challenges. Agriculture is the largest user, accounting for 70% of global water withdrawal mainly for irrigation. Other major uses include industrial activities like power and manufacturing, aquaculture, and recreation. The document also discusses the aims and challenges of different water-using sectors and stresses the need for sustainable management of water resources given issues like population growth, climate change, and pollution.
The document discusses the rejuvenation of lakes, using the Bellandur Lake in Bangalore, India as a case study. It describes how the lake became highly polluted due to untreated sewage and industrial effluents. This caused foam and fires on the lake. Authorities have taken measures like removing silt, treating sewage, banning dumping, and fining polluters to restore the lake. The rejuvenation of lakes overall helps with water security, fishing, livestock, and groundwater recharge.
This document discusses water quality management for fish farming. It outlines that water quality can affect fish health and farming success, and is divided into physical, biological, and chemical parameters. Key water quality factors discussed include dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, phosphorus, and nitrogen levels. The document emphasizes monitoring these parameters and describes their ideal ranges for fish, as well as how they impact biological and nutrient cycles in aquaculture ponds. Maintaining optimal water quality is important for fish health and production.
A description of the importance of inland fisheries in the Lower Mekong Basin. The linkages between human and natural systems on the aquatic and terrestrial natural resources systems
Water pollution presentation for nerds like you who do not leave their room for hours.
You deserve divine punishment, ediot
We should eat more chicken. And more potato based snacks.
Aquaculture presentation in Al-Quds University by Dr.Mutaz QutobAnas Noor
The document discusses aquaculture, including its definition, history, and commonly cultured species. Aquaculture is defined as the farming of aquatic organisms under controlled conditions. Historically, aquaculture has been practiced for thousands of years, with carp farming in China dating back to 2500 BC. Currently, tilapia and carp are two of the most important species cultured globally due to their hardiness, prolific breeding, and high market value. The document also reviews considerations for aquaculture systems including water quality management.
There are several major threats to marine biodiversity according to the document. These include overexploitation of marine resources through overfishing and recreational fishing, pollution from various sources, habitat destruction through activities like coastal development, and the introduction of invasive species. Climate change is also a growing threat as it can cause rising water temperatures, acidification, and sea level rise. If left unaddressed, these threats will have severe economic, social, and environmental consequences.
This document discusses problems associated with coastal ecosystems. It outlines several key issues, including eutrophication from excess nutrient pollution which can cause algal blooms and hypoxia; habitat modification from natural forces or human activities that damage ecosystems; hydrologic and hydrodynamic disruption from changes to water flows and circulation; overexploitation of coastal resources from overfishing; toxic pollution from chemicals that disrupt endocrine and reproductive systems; and issues related to climate change like rising sea levels. Many of these problems are linked to activities that occur inland and impact coastal waters.
Coral reef Threats, conservation and Restoration.pptxVIRENDRA KUMAR
Coral reefs are some of the most diverse ecosystems in the world. About 25% of the ocean's fish depend on healthy coral reefs. Unfortunately, coral reef ecosystems are severely threatened. Some threats are natural, such as diseases, predators, and storms. Other threats are caused by people, including pollution, sedimentation, unsustainable fishing practices, and climate change, which is raising ocean temperatures and causing ocean acidification. Saving and restoring the world's coral reefs requires a multi-pronged approach that ranges from the local to the global level.
The document discusses various causes and solutions regarding water pollution and water scarcity issues around the world. It addresses topics like unsustainable freshwater use, water conflicts over river basins in the Middle East, and increasing water demand outpacing supply. Solutions proposed include reducing water waste, improving irrigation efficiency, protecting watersheds and wetlands, preventing point and nonpoint source pollution, and increasing water recycling, reuse and desalination.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
The document provides an overview of finfish culture systems and practices. It discusses extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive systems and their key characteristics. Pond culture is described as the earliest form of aquaculture, with details on site selection and layout. Other culture methods covered include cage culture, pen culture, and running water culture using raceway systems. Integrated fish farming and culture of cold and warm water finfish are also summarized.
Water is an essential resource for life but only a tiny fraction of Earth's water is available as freshwater. As populations and demand grow, water scarcity will be a major factor in many countries' economic development. Water pollution from industrial, agricultural and domestic waste threatens available freshwater supplies. Pollution reduces water quality and can have harmful effects from toxic contaminants accumulating up the food chain to widespread impacts like eutrophication which starves aquatic ecosystems of oxygen. Improving sanitation, wastewater treatment, and adopting sustainable agricultural practices can help control water pollution.
The Aquatic Ecosystem is a game-changer in the field of aquariums. Aquatic ecosystems manage water quality and deliver a healthy, clean environment for fish to thrive. This product is at an early stage of its development and has a unique value proposition.
Eutrophication food chain in aquatic ecosystemAnuKiruthika
Eutrophication occurs when a body of water becomes overly enriched with minerals and nutrients, inducing excessive algae growth. This can deplete oxygen levels and harm plants and animals. Eutrophication can be natural, occurring over geological time, or cultural, accelerated by human activities like fertilizer and sewage runoff. Effects include hypoxia, which can kill fish, and algal blooms that block sunlight from reaching underwater plants and animals. The aquatic food chain is also disrupted, favoring bacteria and phytoplankton over larger zooplankton and reducing energy transfer efficiency. Preventing eutrophication requires reducing nutrient runoff from agriculture, development, and vehicles.
The document discusses sewage-fed fish culture in the East Kolkata Wetlands and its socioeconomic impacts. Sewage is treated through various processes like primary, secondary, and tertiary treatment before being channeled into fish ponds. Fish farmers have developed unique techniques to utilize sewage for high fish production. Over 60,000 people depend on the wetlands for their livelihood through activities like aquaculture, agriculture, and garbage farming. While the area under sewage-fed fish culture has declined due to urbanization, it still supports local communities and meets fish demand for Kolkata.
Human activities are negatively impacting ecosystems in several key ways:
- Pollution from nutrient runoff, sewage, oil spills, and thermal pollution are causing eutrophication and lowering oxygen levels in water;
- Overfishing and destructive fishing practices like poisoning and explosives are depleting fish stocks and destroying habitats;
- Global warming from greenhouse gas emissions is raising ocean temperatures and causing acidification, damaging coral reefs and marine life.
- If left unaddressed, these human impacts will continue degrading ecosystems and compromising their ability to support life.
Water contamination occurs when pollutants contaminate water sources and render the water unfit for use in drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Chemicals, garbage, bacteria, and parasites are examples of pollutants. Water is eventually contaminated by all types of pollution. Lakes and oceans become contaminated by air pollution. Land contamination may contaminate an underground stream, a river, and ultimately the ocean. As a result, trash thrown on an empty lot can eventually contaminate a water source.
WATER BUDGETING IN LIMNETIC ENVIRONMENTSalmashaik26
This document discusses the management of waterbodies for economic activities. It outlines several key uses of water including agriculture, aquaculture, drinking, irrigation, domestic use, industrial use, hydroelectric power generation, recreation, environment, and their challenges. Agriculture is the largest user, accounting for 70% of global water withdrawal mainly for irrigation. Other major uses include industrial activities like power and manufacturing, aquaculture, and recreation. The document also discusses the aims and challenges of different water-using sectors and stresses the need for sustainable management of water resources given issues like population growth, climate change, and pollution.
The document discusses the rejuvenation of lakes, using the Bellandur Lake in Bangalore, India as a case study. It describes how the lake became highly polluted due to untreated sewage and industrial effluents. This caused foam and fires on the lake. Authorities have taken measures like removing silt, treating sewage, banning dumping, and fining polluters to restore the lake. The rejuvenation of lakes overall helps with water security, fishing, livestock, and groundwater recharge.
This document discusses water quality management for fish farming. It outlines that water quality can affect fish health and farming success, and is divided into physical, biological, and chemical parameters. Key water quality factors discussed include dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, phosphorus, and nitrogen levels. The document emphasizes monitoring these parameters and describes their ideal ranges for fish, as well as how they impact biological and nutrient cycles in aquaculture ponds. Maintaining optimal water quality is important for fish health and production.
A description of the importance of inland fisheries in the Lower Mekong Basin. The linkages between human and natural systems on the aquatic and terrestrial natural resources systems
Water pollution presentation for nerds like you who do not leave their room for hours.
You deserve divine punishment, ediot
We should eat more chicken. And more potato based snacks.
Aquaculture presentation in Al-Quds University by Dr.Mutaz QutobAnas Noor
The document discusses aquaculture, including its definition, history, and commonly cultured species. Aquaculture is defined as the farming of aquatic organisms under controlled conditions. Historically, aquaculture has been practiced for thousands of years, with carp farming in China dating back to 2500 BC. Currently, tilapia and carp are two of the most important species cultured globally due to their hardiness, prolific breeding, and high market value. The document also reviews considerations for aquaculture systems including water quality management.
There are several major threats to marine biodiversity according to the document. These include overexploitation of marine resources through overfishing and recreational fishing, pollution from various sources, habitat destruction through activities like coastal development, and the introduction of invasive species. Climate change is also a growing threat as it can cause rising water temperatures, acidification, and sea level rise. If left unaddressed, these threats will have severe economic, social, and environmental consequences.
This document discusses problems associated with coastal ecosystems. It outlines several key issues, including eutrophication from excess nutrient pollution which can cause algal blooms and hypoxia; habitat modification from natural forces or human activities that damage ecosystems; hydrologic and hydrodynamic disruption from changes to water flows and circulation; overexploitation of coastal resources from overfishing; toxic pollution from chemicals that disrupt endocrine and reproductive systems; and issues related to climate change like rising sea levels. Many of these problems are linked to activities that occur inland and impact coastal waters.
Coral reef Threats, conservation and Restoration.pptxVIRENDRA KUMAR
Coral reefs are some of the most diverse ecosystems in the world. About 25% of the ocean's fish depend on healthy coral reefs. Unfortunately, coral reef ecosystems are severely threatened. Some threats are natural, such as diseases, predators, and storms. Other threats are caused by people, including pollution, sedimentation, unsustainable fishing practices, and climate change, which is raising ocean temperatures and causing ocean acidification. Saving and restoring the world's coral reefs requires a multi-pronged approach that ranges from the local to the global level.
The document discusses various causes and solutions regarding water pollution and water scarcity issues around the world. It addresses topics like unsustainable freshwater use, water conflicts over river basins in the Middle East, and increasing water demand outpacing supply. Solutions proposed include reducing water waste, improving irrigation efficiency, protecting watersheds and wetlands, preventing point and nonpoint source pollution, and increasing water recycling, reuse and desalination.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Walmart Business+ and Spark Good for Nonprofits.pdfTechSoup
"Learn about all the ways Walmart supports nonprofit organizations.
You will hear from Liz Willett, the Head of Nonprofits, and hear about what Walmart is doing to help nonprofits, including Walmart Business and Spark Good. Walmart Business+ is a new offer for nonprofits that offers discounts and also streamlines nonprofits order and expense tracking, saving time and money.
The webinar may also give some examples on how nonprofits can best leverage Walmart Business+.
The event will cover the following::
Walmart Business + (https://business.walmart.com/plus) is a new shopping experience for nonprofits, schools, and local business customers that connects an exclusive online shopping experience to stores. Benefits include free delivery and shipping, a 'Spend Analytics” feature, special discounts, deals and tax-exempt shopping.
Special TechSoup offer for a free 180 days membership, and up to $150 in discounts on eligible orders.
Spark Good (walmart.com/sparkgood) is a charitable platform that enables nonprofits to receive donations directly from customers and associates.
Answers about how you can do more with Walmart!"
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
Pollock and Snow "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape, Session One: Setting Expec...
Eutrophications.pptx
1. College Of Fisheries Science and Research Centre
(Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur)
Campus-Etawah– 206001, Uttar Pradesh
Presented By:-
Vikash Kushwaha
Id No. :CFS-154/19
A
Presentation
on
“EUTROPHICATION”
2. Introduction
• The word eutrophication is derived from the
greek words where eu means well and trophe
means nourishment.
• The process by which a body of water acquires
a high concentration of nutrients, especially
phosphates and nitrates.
• It is a slow-aging process for a water body, but
human activity greatly speeds up the process.
• Occurs naturally over centuries as lakes age
and are filled in with sediments.
3. • It is characterized by excessive plant and algal growth
due to the increased availability of one or more limiting
growth factors needed for photosynthesis such as
sunlight, carbon dioxide, and nutrient fertilizers
(Schindler 2006).
• Promotes excessive growth of algae
• When algae dies and decomposes, high levels of organic
matter is released decomposing organisms deplete
available oxygen of the water, causing the death of other
organisms, such as fish
• Alters the dynamics of a number of plant, animal and
bacterial populations thus, bringing about changes in
community structure.
4. 1. Fertilizer flows into water
causing….
2. Increased plant growth on the surface of
water, causing…..
3. Decreased light in lower levels of water,
causing…
4. Plants in lower levels of water
to die, causing….
5. Decay using up O2 and increasing
CO2,causing…...
6. Death of fish and other animals.
STEPS OF
EUTROPHICATION
5. Sources of nutrients
• Point sources - In point sources the nutrient
waste travels directly from source to water. Point
sources are relatively easy to regulate.
• Eg.
– Sewage treatment plant discharges
– Industrial discharges
• Nonpoint source - Which comes from ill-defined
and diffuse sources.
• Nonpoint sources are difficult to regulate and
usually vary spatially and temporally
• Eg.
– Atmospheric deposition
– Agricultural runoff (fertilizer, soil erosion)
6. • Limiting nutrient : The one in shortest supply
relative to demand. If we add more of that
nutrient the plants/algae will grow.
Phosphorus freshwater
Nitrogen salt & brackish
8. Types Of Eutrophication
• Natural Eutrophication – A process that
occurs as a lake or river ages over a period of
hundreds or thousands of years.
• Cultural Eutrophication – A process that
occurs when humans release excessive
amounts of nutrients, it shortens the rate of
aging.
10. Cultural Eutrophication
• The addition of excess
nutrients from a variety of
sources results in the
rapid aging of aquatic
ecosystems.
• During this process the
species composition of
the aquatic community
changes.
11. Category of lake
Lakes are generally categorized by limnologists
according to the degree of nutrient enrichment.
• Oligotrophic lake- A young lake having sandy
bottomed, transparent with little plant life and
low in nutrient input or loading.
• Mesotrophic lake- As the lake becomes older, it
receives nutrients and sediments from the
surrounding drainage basin.
12. • Eutrophic lake- The lake then eventually
becomes nutrient rich and plant growth in the
form of phytoplankton and rooted aquatic
plants, can occur to a level in which the water
becomes undesirable for various uses.
• The overload of nitrogen, phosphorus
and other organic material can result in a
series of 'side effects'.
13. The main effects of eutrophication are:
• Increasing biomass of phytoplankton resulting in 'algal
blooms'.
• Hypoxia (reduced dissolved oxygen content of a body of
water).
• An increasing number of incidents of fish kills.
• The water can have a bad taste, color and odour which has a
negative impact on tourism
• Decline or loss of species biodiversity (commercially
important species may disappear).
• Some phytoplankton species produce toxins that cause severe
symptoms such as diarrhea , memory loss, paralysis and in
severe causes death.
14. Case study in India
Eutrophication in the Lakes of Udaipur city
Fateh Sagar Lake, Udaipur
• Udaipur has faced water scarcity due to its
geographical location.
• In the British regime, Udaipur known as the city of
lakes, and the four large water bodies, Pichhola,
Swaroop Sagar, Fateh Sagar and Badi, remained its
lifelines.
• But the condition of the lakes deteriorated sharply in
the post independence era.
15. • Unregulated and rapid commercialisation
increase the inflow of pollutants.
• The health of the lakes grew down every year.
• Over the last 25-30 years, massive
deforestation and faulty land-use practices
increased inflow of sediments into these
water bodies.
16. • The total outcome of the above activities is
the heavy loading of lake waters with
phosphate and nitrates.
• These two elements basically increase the
growth of Water Hyacinth.
• The lake bottom is also covered with a thick
mat of submerged vegetation.
17. Control measures
• Silt removal programs should be organized on regular
basis.
• Developing reservoir operation policy so as to keep
and maintain the minimum conservation pool level of
at least 10% of the total storage capacity the lakes at all
times.
• The public participation in the campaign of removal of
water hyacinth in the last 25 years.
• Removal of the surface and submerged aquatic weeds
like hydrilla, vallisneria and lemna, the protection of
native fish species & rejuvenation of certain
conservatory type fishery.
20. LOCATION
• Located in the Powai valley, where a Powai village
once existed.
• Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay and The
National Institute of Industrial Engineering, some of
the premier educational institutions in India are on
the periphery of this lake.
• Luxurious and expensive Housing complexes and
luxurious hotels are developed all around the lake.
21. PROBLEMS
• DECREASE IN AREA
• In recent times, 40% of the lake
has disappeared.
• Accelerated growth of
residential, commercial
establishment
• Quarrying activity in the
catchment area around the lake
22. Water quality deterioration
• Untreated disposal of
sewage and garbage from
nearby residential and slum
colonies have affected the
quality of the water.
• Washing cattle also
deteriorates the water
quality.
23. Management strategies
Two types of management strategies should be
adapted:
Short term practices
Long term strategies
1. Short term practices- to alleviate the affect of
the problem by water column manipulation using
destratifier to prevent water stratification during
summer and autumn.
24. 2. Long term strategies- to reduce sediment
and nutrient inputs to the waterways by
adapting total catchment management
practices in the upstream catchment.
• It is also essential that a multi-disciplinary,
multi-sectoral and multi-focal approach is
adapted to reach the ultimate goal of
sustainable management.
25.
26. Human health impacts
• Harmful algal bloom species have the capacity
to produce toxins dangerous to humans.
• Algal toxins are observed in marine
ecosystems where they can accumulate in
shellfish and more generally in seafood
reaching dangerous levels for human as well
as animal health.
• Several algal species able of producing toxins
harmful to human.
27. Socio-economic impacts
Impact on Recreation and Tourism
• The enrichment of nutrients to an ecosystem
can result in a massive growth of macroalgae.
• The existence of such dense algal growth
areas can inhibit or prevent access to
waterways.
• This decreases the fitness for use of the
water for water sports (swimming, boating
and fishing).
28. Aesthetic impacts
• Algal blooms are unsightly and can have
unpleasant smells.
• Eg.
– When macroalgae or seaweed are decomposed by
anaerobic bacteria hydrogen sulfide is (H2S)
released. This gas is characterized by a very
unpleasant characteristic foul odor of rotten eggs.
29. Economical impacts
• Some specific cases local authorities depend on
eutrophic waters for drinking .
• Infected waters increases the costs of water
treatment in order to avoid taste, odor and toxin
problems in the water.
• Due to the toxins produced by harmful algal
blooms commercial fish and shellfish may
become unsuitable for consumption resulting in
potential economical and financial problems for
the fishing industries.
• In extreme cases beaches are closed due to the
presence of toxic algal blooms.
30. Controls
• Many municipalities have passed legislation
to regulate point-source loading of nutrients,
eutrophication and cyanobacterial blooms but
are still prevalent in surface waters around the
world.
• These strategies have proven to be ineffective,
costly and impractical, especially for large,
complex ecosystems.
Source- www.nature.com/scitable/knowledge/library/eutrophication-causes-consequences-and-controls-in-aquatic
31. • Use of algaecides, such as copper sulfate, is
effective at reducing HABs temporally.
• Copper chelates such as copper citrate , these
can be used in hard and alkaline waters,
where copper sulphate is less efficient.
32. • However, algaecides are expensive to apply
and pose risks to humans, livestock, and
wildlife, in addition to harming a variety of
non-target aquatic organisms.
• Oxidants such as chlorine or potassium
permanganate can also be used
• Biomanipulation - control blooms by
increasing zooplankton populations to
promote heavy grazing of algae.
33. Conclusions
• Eutrophication continues to pose a serious threat to
potable drinking water sources, fisheries, and
recreational water bodies.
• Nutrient reduction can be difficult (and expensive) to
control, especially in agricultural areas where the algal
nutrients come from nonpoint sources.
• Cultural eutrophication and HABs continue to be the
leading cause of water pollution for many freshwater
and coastal marine ecosystems and are a rapidly
growing problem in the developing world.
34. • The demand for freshwater resources is
expected to increase dramatically, protecting
diminishing water resources has become one
of the most pressing environmental issues and
will likely become more complicated as
climate change, species invasions, and
pollution further degrade water quality and
quantity.
35. • Control and management of eutrophication is
a complex issue and will require the collective
efforts of scientists, policy makers, and
citizens to reduce nutrient inputs, to develop
effective, long-term biomanipulation
techniques, and to eventually restore aquatic
communities.
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