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OLED
(Organic Light Emitting Diode)
SURAJ SINGH
Electronic and Communication
Engineering
What is an OLED?
OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode
An OLED is any light emitting diode (LED) which emissiveAn OLED is any light emitting diode (LED) which emissive
electroluminescent layer is composed of a film of organic compoundselectroluminescent layer is composed of a film of organic compounds..
An OLED is an electronic device made by placing a series of organic
thin films between two conductors. When electrical current is applied, a
bright light is emitted.
A device that is 100 to 500 nanometers thick or about 200 times
smaller than a human hair.
The OLED Structure
Architecture of OLEDs
Substrate (clear plastic, glass, foil) - The substrate supports the OLED.
Anode (transparent) - The anode removes electrons (adds electron "holes")
when a current flows through the device.
Organic layer:
o Conducting layer - This layer is made of
organic plastic molecules that transport
"holes" from the anode. One conducting
polymer used in OLEDs is polyaniline.
o Emissive layer - This layer is made of
organic plastic molecules (different ones
from the conducting layer) that transport
electrons from the cathode; this is where
light is made. One polymer used in the
emissive layer is polyfluorene.
Cathode (may or may not be transparent depending on the type of OLED) -
The cathode injects electrons when a current flows through the device.
How OLEDs Emit Light
The battery or power supply of the
device containing the OLED applies
a voltage across the OLED.
An electrical current flows from the
cathode to the anode through the
organic layers. (an electrical
current is a flow of electrons)
At the boundary between the
emissive and the conductive layers,
electrons find electron holes.
The OLED emits light.
Types of OLEDs
• Passive-matrix
• Active-matrix
• Transparent
• Top-emitting
• Flexible
• White
Passive OLEDs
• The organic layer is between
strips of cathode and anode that
run perpendicular
• The intersections form the pixels
• Easy to make
• Use more power
• Best for small screens
Active OLEDs
• Full layers of cathode and
anode
• Anode over lays a thin film
transistor (TFT)
• Requires less power
• Higher refresh rates
• Suitable for large screens
Transparent
Top-Emitting
Flexible
White
Applications of OLEDs
• TVs
• Cell Phone screens
• Computer Screens
• Keyboards (Optimus Maximus)
• Lights
• Portable Divice displays
OLEDs as a Light Source
Advantages
• Thinner, lighter and more flexible
• Brighter
• Consume much less power
• Easier to produce and make into larger sizes
• Large field of view
Disadvantages of OLEDs
OLED Displays Vs. LCD and Plasma
• Cost to manufacture is high
• Overall luminance degradation
• Constraints with lifespan
• Easily damaged by water
• Limited market availability
OLED Lighting Vs. Incandescent and Fluorescent
• Not as easy as changing a light bulb
Future Uses for OLED
Lighting
• Flexible / bendable lighting
• Wallpaper lighting defining new ways to light a space
• Transparent lighting doubles as a window
Cell Phones
• Nokia 888
Future Uses for OLED
Transparent Car Navigation System on Windshield
• Using Samsungs' transparent OLED technology
• Heads up display
• GPS system
Scroll Laptop
• Nokia concept OLED Laptop
References
• http://impnerd.com/the-history-and-future-of-oled
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organic_light-emitting_diode
• http://www.oled-research.com/oleds/oleds-history.html
Thank You
SURAJ SINGH
12/EC/72

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seminar_suraj

  • 1. OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) SURAJ SINGH Electronic and Communication Engineering
  • 2. What is an OLED? OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode An OLED is any light emitting diode (LED) which emissiveAn OLED is any light emitting diode (LED) which emissive electroluminescent layer is composed of a film of organic compoundselectroluminescent layer is composed of a film of organic compounds.. An OLED is an electronic device made by placing a series of organic thin films between two conductors. When electrical current is applied, a bright light is emitted. A device that is 100 to 500 nanometers thick or about 200 times smaller than a human hair.
  • 4. Architecture of OLEDs Substrate (clear plastic, glass, foil) - The substrate supports the OLED. Anode (transparent) - The anode removes electrons (adds electron "holes") when a current flows through the device. Organic layer: o Conducting layer - This layer is made of organic plastic molecules that transport "holes" from the anode. One conducting polymer used in OLEDs is polyaniline. o Emissive layer - This layer is made of organic plastic molecules (different ones from the conducting layer) that transport electrons from the cathode; this is where light is made. One polymer used in the emissive layer is polyfluorene. Cathode (may or may not be transparent depending on the type of OLED) - The cathode injects electrons when a current flows through the device.
  • 5. How OLEDs Emit Light The battery or power supply of the device containing the OLED applies a voltage across the OLED. An electrical current flows from the cathode to the anode through the organic layers. (an electrical current is a flow of electrons) At the boundary between the emissive and the conductive layers, electrons find electron holes. The OLED emits light.
  • 6. Types of OLEDs • Passive-matrix • Active-matrix • Transparent • Top-emitting • Flexible • White
  • 7. Passive OLEDs • The organic layer is between strips of cathode and anode that run perpendicular • The intersections form the pixels • Easy to make • Use more power • Best for small screens Active OLEDs • Full layers of cathode and anode • Anode over lays a thin film transistor (TFT) • Requires less power • Higher refresh rates • Suitable for large screens
  • 11. White
  • 12. Applications of OLEDs • TVs • Cell Phone screens • Computer Screens • Keyboards (Optimus Maximus) • Lights • Portable Divice displays
  • 13. OLEDs as a Light Source
  • 14. Advantages • Thinner, lighter and more flexible • Brighter • Consume much less power • Easier to produce and make into larger sizes • Large field of view
  • 15. Disadvantages of OLEDs OLED Displays Vs. LCD and Plasma • Cost to manufacture is high • Overall luminance degradation • Constraints with lifespan • Easily damaged by water • Limited market availability OLED Lighting Vs. Incandescent and Fluorescent • Not as easy as changing a light bulb
  • 16. Future Uses for OLED Lighting • Flexible / bendable lighting • Wallpaper lighting defining new ways to light a space • Transparent lighting doubles as a window Cell Phones • Nokia 888
  • 17. Future Uses for OLED Transparent Car Navigation System on Windshield • Using Samsungs' transparent OLED technology • Heads up display • GPS system Scroll Laptop • Nokia concept OLED Laptop