short presentation on organic light emitting diode... beginners

1. OLED
(Organic Light Emitting Diode)

2. What is an OLED?
OLED - Organic Light Emitting Diode
An OLED is a light emitting diode (LED) which
emissive electroluminescent layer is composed of a film of
organic compounds.

3. History of OLEDs
• First developed in the early 1950s in France
• 1960s-AC-driven electroluminescent cells using doped anthracene
was developed
• In 1987 Chin Tang and Van Slyke introduced the first light emitting
diodes from thin organic layers.
• In 1990 electroluminescence in polymers was discovered.

4. Architecture of OLEDs
• Substrate (clear plastic, glass, foil) - The substrate supports the OLED.
• Anode (transparent) - The anode removes electrons (adds
electron "holes") when a current flows through the device.
• Organic layer:
o Conducting layer-This layer is ma-de
of organic plastic molecules that
transport "holes" from the anode. One
conducting polymer used in OLEDs is
polyaniline.
o Emissive layer - This layer is made of
organic plastic molecules (different ones
from the conducting layer) that transport
electrons from the cathode; this is where
light is made. One polymer used in the
emissive layer is polyfluorene.
• Cathode (may or may not be transparent depending on the type of OLED) -
The cathode injects electrons when a current flows through the device.

5. Types of OLEDs
Passive OLEDs
• The organic layer is between
strips of cathode and anode that
run perpendicular
• The intersections form the pixels
• Easy to make
• Use more power
• Best for small screens
Active OLEDs
• Full layers of cathode and
anode
• Anode over lays a thin film
transistor (TFT)
• Requires less power
• Higher refresh rates
• Suitable for large screens

6. Applications of OLEDs
• Televisions
• SONY
• LG transparent TV
• Cell Phone screens
• Wrist Watch
• Computer Screens
• Laptops
• Desktops
• Keyboards
• Optimus Maximus Keyboard
• OCZ Keyboard etc……
• Digital Camera
• KODAK Easy share LS633
• Lights
• Bendable Devices
• Portable Device displays
• Philips Go Gear MP3 Player

7. Disadvantages of OLEDs
OLED seems to be the perfect technology for all types of displays,
but it also has some problems:
• Lifetime - While red and green OLED films have longer lifetimes (46,000
to 230,000 hours), blue organics currently have much shorter lifetimes (up
to around 14,000 hours)
• Manufacturing - Currently, manufacturing is more expensive than LCDs
• Water - Water can easily damage OLEDs
• OLED screens are even worse than LCD in direct sunlight
• Overall luminance degradation
• Limited market availability

8. In direct sunlight
Nokia N00 OLED Display Apple iPHONE LCD Display

9. Advantages of OLEDs
• Faster response time than LCDs
• Consume significantly less energy
• Can be transparent when off
• Flexible and Conformal Displays
• Thinner display-No backlight required
• Better contrast ratio
• Safer for the environment
• Wider viewing angles; up to 170 degrees
• OLEDs refresh almost 1,000 times faster then LCDs
• Low cost materials and fabrication method
• Less Expensive than LCD due to lesser components
• Can be printed onto a wide variety(flexible) of substrates
• Can be made using plastic screens; LCDs require glass backing

10. Fast response time means full motion graphics can be
displayed
OLED LCD
Fast Response Time

11. Future Uses for OLED
• Will capture emerging market of wearable displays (Nokia
888) (Wearable OLEDs)
• Will capture the low-power electronics market (cell phones and
PDAs)
• Roll able Display
• Wallpaper lighting defining new ways to light a space
• Transparent lighting doubles as a window

12. Samsung's 40-inch OLED TV
LG Display 19-inch OLED
Flexible OLED

13. JVG 3 mm OLED TV

15. The HP LiM concept, which stands for Less is More, features a 19"
transparent OLED touch screen with a wireless keyboard.
19“ Transparent OLED

16. Thank You