Complement refers, historically, to fresh serum capable of lysing antibody (Ab)-coated cells. This activity is destroyed (inactivated) by heating serum at 56EC for 30 minutes.
The lytic activity of complement is decreased in certain diseases, e.g. SLE, serum sickness, chronic infections, complement deficiencies, etc.
complement functions
Host benefit:
opsonization to enhance phagocytosis
phagocyte attraction and activation
lysis of bacteria and infected cells
regulation of antibody responses
clearance of immune complexes
clearance of apoptotic cells
Host detriment:
Inflammation, anaphylaxis
Any of the chemical reactions that take place during the second stage of photosynthesis and do not require light. During the dark reactions, energy released from ATP (created by the light reactions) drives the fixation of carbon from carbon dioxide in organic molecules. The Calvin Cycle forms part of the dark reactions. As long as ATP is available, the dark reactions can occur in darkness or in light.
Carbon-14 labelled ADCs and Peptides by Sean L Kitsonseankitson
Abstract
Guided by a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), antibody drug conjugates or ADC are a new, emerging, class of drugs able to deliver a drug payload directly to an intended target. This approach has recently been boosted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris®; Seattle Genetics) to treat Hodgkin’s lymphoma and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla®; Genentech) for metastatic breast cancer. These new biotherapeutic drugs will bring many regulatory issues to the forefront regarding the ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion) profile of each ADC. In this article, the authors discuss this and other important aspects of antibody-drug conjugates.
Complement refers, historically, to fresh serum capable of lysing antibody (Ab)-coated cells. This activity is destroyed (inactivated) by heating serum at 56EC for 30 minutes.
The lytic activity of complement is decreased in certain diseases, e.g. SLE, serum sickness, chronic infections, complement deficiencies, etc.
complement functions
Host benefit:
opsonization to enhance phagocytosis
phagocyte attraction and activation
lysis of bacteria and infected cells
regulation of antibody responses
clearance of immune complexes
clearance of apoptotic cells
Host detriment:
Inflammation, anaphylaxis
Any of the chemical reactions that take place during the second stage of photosynthesis and do not require light. During the dark reactions, energy released from ATP (created by the light reactions) drives the fixation of carbon from carbon dioxide in organic molecules. The Calvin Cycle forms part of the dark reactions. As long as ATP is available, the dark reactions can occur in darkness or in light.
Carbon-14 labelled ADCs and Peptides by Sean L Kitsonseankitson
Abstract
Guided by a specific monoclonal antibody (mAb), antibody drug conjugates or ADC are a new, emerging, class of drugs able to deliver a drug payload directly to an intended target. This approach has recently been boosted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval of brentuximab vedotin (Adcetris®; Seattle Genetics) to treat Hodgkin’s lymphoma and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla®; Genentech) for metastatic breast cancer. These new biotherapeutic drugs will bring many regulatory issues to the forefront regarding the ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism and Excretion) profile of each ADC. In this article, the authors discuss this and other important aspects of antibody-drug conjugates.
The slide has some brief introduction to nucleotide chemistry, History, General features of nucleotides, Nomenclature, Individual properties of bases, Classification
and Synthetic analogues of biomedical importance.
Transcription factors of the nuclear factor κ B family are the paradigm for signaling dependent nuclear translocation and are ideally suited to analysis through image-based chemical genetic screening. The authors describe combining high-content image analysis with a compound screen to identify compounds affecting either nuclear import or export. Validation in silico and in vitro determined an EC50 for the nuclear export blocker leptomycin B of 2.4 ng/mL (4.4 nM). The method demonstrated high selectivity (Z′ >0.95), speed, and robustness in a screen of a compound collection. It identified the IκB protein kinase inhibitor BAY 11 7082 as an import inhibitor, the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitor PD98509 as an import enhancer, and phorbol ester as an export inhibitor. The results establish a robust method for identifying compounds regulating nucleocy- toplasmic import or export and also implicate MAP kinases in nuclear import of nuclear factor κ B
The slide has some brief introduction to nucleotide chemistry, History, General features of nucleotides, Nomenclature, Individual properties of bases, Classification
and Synthetic analogues of biomedical importance.
Transcription factors of the nuclear factor κ B family are the paradigm for signaling dependent nuclear translocation and are ideally suited to analysis through image-based chemical genetic screening. The authors describe combining high-content image analysis with a compound screen to identify compounds affecting either nuclear import or export. Validation in silico and in vitro determined an EC50 for the nuclear export blocker leptomycin B of 2.4 ng/mL (4.4 nM). The method demonstrated high selectivity (Z′ >0.95), speed, and robustness in a screen of a compound collection. It identified the IκB protein kinase inhibitor BAY 11 7082 as an import inhibitor, the p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase inhibitor PD98509 as an import enhancer, and phorbol ester as an export inhibitor. The results establish a robust method for identifying compounds regulating nucleocy- toplasmic import or export and also implicate MAP kinases in nuclear import of nuclear factor κ B
Nanotechnology and its Application in Cancer TreatmentHasnat Tariq
Nanotechnology
Nanomaterials
Nanostructures
Nanoparticles
Unexpected Optical Properties of Nanoparticles
Synthesis of Nanoparticles
Nanotechnology in Cancer Treatment
Role of Sulfur NPs in Cancer Treatment
Human Tumour Cell Lines Used in Research
Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)
Sulfur Nanoparticles Preparation
MTT Assay
Sulphorhodamine-B (SRB) Assay
Median lethal dose (LD 50)
Experimental design
FT-IR Characterization of Sulfur Nanoparticles
SEM Characterization of Sulfur Nanoparticles
EDS Characterization of Sulfur Nanoparticles
XRD Characterization of Sulfur Nanoparticles
Chemical Studies on Sulfur Nanoparticles In Vitro
Biochemical investigations
Conclusion
Applications of Nanoparticles in cancer treatment
Nanoshells
Nano X-Ray therapy
Drug Delivery by Nanoparticles
Kaempferol increases levels of coenzyme Q in kidney cells and serves as a biosynthetic ring precursor
Complete study available in Free Radical Biology and Medicine. 2017 Sep;110:176-187.
doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.06.006. Epub 2017 Jun 9.
Evaluation of Metabolic Stability of Kinsenoside, an Antidiabetic Candidate, ...Cây thuốc Việt
Kinsenoside is a principle bioactive compound of Anoectochilus formosanus. It exhibits various pharmacological
effects such as antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating, and hepatoprotective activities and has recently been developed as an antidiabetic drug candidate. In this study, as part of an in vitro pharmacokinetic study, the stability of kinsenoside in rat and human liver microsomes was evaluated. Kinsenoside was found to have good metabolic stability in both rat and human liver microsomes. These results will provide useful information for further in vivo pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies.
Evaluation of metabolic stability of kinsenoside, an antidiabetic candidate,Cây thuốc Việt
Kinsenoside is a principle bioactive compound of Anoectochilus formosanus. It exhibits various pharmacological
effects such as antihyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating, and hepatoprotective activities and has recently been developed as an antidiabetic drug candidate. In this study, as part of an in vitro pharmacokinetic study, the stability of kinsenoside in rat and human liver microsomes was evaluated. Kinsenoside was found to have good metabolic stability in both rat and human liver microsomes. These results will provide useful information for further in vivo pharmacokinetic and metabolism studies.
Development and validation of a stability-indicating HPLC method for the simultaneous determination of Losartan potassium, hydrochlorothiazide, and their degradationproducts
5. Objective of Research
Develop the Nanocomplex that mimic the structure of
lipoprotein
To achieve Tumour cell targeting
To overcome shortages of lipoprotein
6. Modified protein-lipid nanocomplex
The mP-LNC was composed of a shell of selectable targeting ligand modified protein with
amphiphilic phospholipid and a core of hydrophobic lipids.
7. Synthesis and characterization of
ursodeoxycholic acid modified BSA
The carboxyl group of ursodeoxycholic acid (UA) was reactivated by EDC and
NHS and then covalently attached to the lysine residues of BSA.
8. • Degree of substitution of modified BSA • Molecular weight of modified BSA
• Surface tension measurement of modified BSA
9. Preparation of modified protein–lipid
nanocomplex (mP-LNC)
LNP was composed of PC (phosphatidylcholine), MCT (medium chain triglycerides),
octadecylamine (OL) and hydrophobic drug. nP-LNC was prepared by incubating natural BSA
with LNP. mP-LNC included uP-LNC and cP-LNC, respectively prepared by incubating UA
modified BSA (uP) and CH modified BSA (cP) with LNP.
10. Characterization of mP-LNC and LNP
Morphology, particle size and zeta potential
Determination of loading efficiency
Wc
WN
* 100DLE%=
13. Panels a–c were the fluorescence microscopy images of L02 cells after incubation with (A) LNP,
(B) c60P-LNC and (C) u60P-LNC (with 100 μg/mL of nanoparticle concentration)
at 37 °C for 2 h. Panels d–f were the fluorescence microscopy images of Bel 7402 cells after
incubation with (D) LNP, (E) c60P-LNC and (F) u60P-LNC (with 100 μg/mL of nanoparticle
concentration) at 37 °C for 2 h. Panels g–i were the fluorescence microscopy images of HepG2
cells after incubated with (G) LNP, (H) c60P-LNC and (I) u60P-LNC (with 100 μg/mL of
nanoparticle concentration) at 37 °C for 2 h.
14. Conclusion
A novel modified protein–lipid Nano complex was developed in
this study.The targeting effect of the protein–lipid Nano complex
was preliminarily proved by using coumarin-6 as fluorescence
probe in normal and cancer liver cells. It was observed that the
uptake of uP-LNC in hepatoma cells significantly increased
compared with that of cP-LNC or LNP, and was much more in
cancer cells than in normal cells. It indicated that the recognition
of UA and bile acid receptor played an important role in the
targeting delivery.
Review
15. References
Ying Xu, Xuefeng Jin, Qineng Ping ⁎, Juan Cheng, Minjie Sun, A
novel lipoprotein-mimic nanocarrier composed of the modified
protein and lipid for tumor cell targeting delivery, Journal of
Controlled Release 146 (2010) 299–308