Semantic Reasoning for Enabling Mobility and Context-Awareness: Application to an OSGi Based Intelligent Tutoring System

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This document discusses a proposal for a new architecture for intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) that enables mobility and context-awareness. The proposal combines OSGi and semantic web technologies on an Android platform to allow ITS services and functionalities to be adapted and reconfigured at runtime based on the user's context. Existing ITS architectures do not support modularity, dynamic adaptability, or auto-adaptability based on changing user contexts. The proposed architecture uses ontologies to semantically describe ITS services, bundles, contexts, and the Android hardware model to enable semantic service discovery and auto-adaptation of the ITS based on the user's mobility and surrounding environment. The solution aims to satisfy requirements for flexibility, reusability

Education

UNIVERSITY
OF SOUSSE
Semantic Reasoning for Enabling Mobility and
Context-Awareness: Application to an OSGi
Based Intelligent Tutoring System
Maha KHEMAJA
Maha_khemaja@yahoo.fr
maha.khemaja@issatso.rnu.tn
Taoufik MASTOUR
Taoufikmastour.mt@yahoo.fr
TEEM
2014
Salamanca
Spain
1-‐3
octobre
2014

Introduction
ITSs and mobility
Scenarios analysis and requirement elicitation
Proposal
Conclusions

Advances in mobile
devices, wireless
networks and
cloud computing
technologies
The emergence of new
applications providing relevant
services to their users.
The very changing
characteristics of mobile
devices and their surrounding
environment may lead to
undesired and unpredictable
situations.
4
Context-awareness, adaptabilty, …are new
requirements.

Research in e-Learning focus increasingly on
contextualized activities
ITSs are a particular kind of e-Learning system
• Complex
• Intelligent
• Distributed behavior
• Allow collaborative or cooperative
Interactions between peers
• Adaptative
5
Many attempts are being also taken in m-Learning

Current ITSs’ architectures have not addressed
ü Modularity
ü Dynamic adaptability to take account new User’s
contexts.
A new adaptable and re-configurable mobile ITS architecture
Combining and porting OSGi feature and Semantic
Web technologies on top of an Android platform
Context-awareness
Adaptability and auto-adaptability at run-time 6

7
1
I like the assessment tests
but I need more exercises
and best accurate feedback
given on demand
I like the resources but I
don’t like the test forms
I prefer collaborative
activities
I agree with you. I also
prefer possibilities for
simulating all resolution
steps
It would be vey hard to
carry out all these changes!!
Conventional ITS
architecture (Web,
Desktop)

8
2
Lightweight
version
of
the
ITS
Embedded
on
the
mobile
devices
I realized all activities
during my way to campus.
I need more collaborative
activities
I want to localize some
books while moving
around the library
I have new activities to offer
to my students
The new version of the ITS
is now available but it
couldn’t run on all kinds of
students devices

Main focus of research works is how to deal with :
– Content
– Data storage
– Human Communication Interfaces (HCI)
10
Client/server architectures mainly
Web oriented and so data
processing, storage, reasoning, HCI
adaptation or customization is done
server side.
Two categories
of works
Makes content authoring and HCI
customization outside the mobile
device in a static manner.
Adaptability implemented in these works concern only learning content,
pedagogical learning paths and HCI.

11
Desktop WOA SOA
(WS)
Semantic
Web MAS SWS
Flexibility - - + + +- +
Re-usability - - + + - +
Adaptability - - +- + +- +
Auto-adaptability
- - - - +- -
Interoperability - - - + +- +
Automatic
service discovery - - - - - +
Mobility - +- +- +- +- +-

None
of
the
existent
research
works
have
addressed
:
ü
AdaptaDon
of
funcDonaliDes
or
re-‐configuraDon
of
Mobile
Intelligent
Learning
Systems
ü
At
run-‐Dme,
ü
By
making
use
of
ontologies
and
semanDc
reasoning
in
the
client
side.
12

15
OSGi™ - The Dynamic Module System for
Java™
It is a set of specifications and several Framework implementations
Packaging
Programming
Units
Services
for
managing
modules
life
cycle
SOA
in
a
VM

SemanDcs
over
OSGi
for
auto-‐adaptability
and
semanDc
service
discovery
Possible
mobility
and
context
awareness
over
Android
25
The
soluDon
saDsfies
several
requirements
We
aim
in
the
future
experiment
more
changing
contexts
seYng
and
evaluate
specifically
Dme
and
performances
during
services
exchanging
between
peers

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