4. Semantics
-refers to the literal and specific meaning of
language.
-studies language that is not directly spoken.
-refers to the Intended meaning of a speaker
6. • Studies the:
Pragmatics
Utterance Meaning
Speaker’s Meaning
-The intension of the speaker.
-Involves the way of uttering words.
Example:
A dog. Vs. A dog!
7. Meaning from the language = Semantics
Meaning from the context = Pragmatics
8. Several Types of Context:
1. Physical
ContextObjects surrounding the communication
place and time of the the communication
Location affects the interpretation.
9. If you will see a sign like this near a school:
SLOW DOWN. PUPILS CROSSING THE STREET.
13. Pragmatics and Contextual
Knowledge
Two people come at a library and they talking really loud.
They sit at your table and continue their babbling. So, you look
up them and say
“Excuse me? Could you please speak a little bit more? I
missed what you said.”
.
14. • Pysical: The conversation occurs in library
• Epistesmic: Libraries are quite places
• Linguistic: Sarcastic tone of voice
• Social Context: You have the right to ask someone to
• Be quiet in a place where people are supposed to be quiet.
15. Pragmatics focuses not on what people say but
how they say it and how others interpret their utterances
in social contexts
16. ”Utterances are literally the units of sound you make
when you talk, but the signs that accompany those
utterances are what give the sounds their true meaning”
-Geoffrey Finch
17. More examples:
“Nice day”
Semantic meaning:
What a lovely day.
But depending to the speakers facial expression, tone of
voice, or the relationship that exist between the speaker and
hearer, then it can mean its opposite thing which is
This is not a nice day.
18. Do you know where can I get gas?
Pragmaticlly response: There’s a gas
station around the corner
Literal answer: yes
19. Can you pass me a salt?
Literal answer: yes
Pragmatically response: [/le passes
the salt;