The document discusses sedimentation tanks, which use gravity to separate suspended solids from water. Sedimentation tanks work by slowing water flow so that particles heavier than water can settle to the bottom as sludge. There are four types of particle settling. Design considerations for sedimentation tanks include detention time, flow velocity, tank dimensions, depth, overflow rate, and slopes. An example is provided showing how to design a rectangular sedimentation tank based on flow rate and detention time.
Sedimentation is an effective techniques involved for treatment of waste water . Various sedimentation techniques are employed world wide for the purpose.
Plain sedimentation is the simplest technique involving quiescent settling or storage of water, such as would take place in a reservoir, lake, or basin, without the aid of chemicals, preferably for a month or longer, particularly if the source water is a sewage-polluted river water.
This presentation covers various plain sedimentation tanks & design considerations of the same .
If you like it ,Please press the thumb up button & donot forget to give your feedback in comments section, it would be extremely valuable . Any query ? Feel free to post in comments section. All the best ! Enjoy !
Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment. Water treatment removes contaminants and undesirable components, or reduces their concentration so that the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. This treatment is crucial to human health and allows humans to benefit from both drinking and irrigation use.
Deals with rapid gravity filtration, slow sand filtration and Roughing filters.
Aspects covered include
Filter media and their characterization is described.
Filter running and filter backwashing,
Filter hydraulics.
Suspended solids, turbidity and bacterial removal from water.
Sedimentation is an effective techniques involved for treatment of waste water . Various sedimentation techniques are employed world wide for the purpose.
Plain sedimentation is the simplest technique involving quiescent settling or storage of water, such as would take place in a reservoir, lake, or basin, without the aid of chemicals, preferably for a month or longer, particularly if the source water is a sewage-polluted river water.
This presentation covers various plain sedimentation tanks & design considerations of the same .
If you like it ,Please press the thumb up button & donot forget to give your feedback in comments section, it would be extremely valuable . Any query ? Feel free to post in comments section. All the best ! Enjoy !
Water treatment is any process that improves the quality of water to make it appropriate for a specific end-use. The end use may be drinking, industrial water supply, irrigation, river flow maintenance, water recreation or many other uses, including being safely returned to the environment. Water treatment removes contaminants and undesirable components, or reduces their concentration so that the water becomes fit for its desired end-use. This treatment is crucial to human health and allows humans to benefit from both drinking and irrigation use.
Deals with rapid gravity filtration, slow sand filtration and Roughing filters.
Aspects covered include
Filter media and their characterization is described.
Filter running and filter backwashing,
Filter hydraulics.
Suspended solids, turbidity and bacterial removal from water.
Flow in super critical state is an unstable type of flow. It has a tendency to transfer n to sub critical flow. Flow depth is small in a supercritical state. which increases suddenly while changing the subcritical state. This phenomenon sudden increase in depth of flow is called a HYDRAULIC JUMP.
Sludge dewatering is a prior process to manage the sludge. The dewatering requires to decrease the volume of sludge for easy handling. It has two methods: Conventional and advance.
this presentation gives you a quick glimpse of Sludge Dewatering process and method.
Hardy cross method of pipe network analysissidrarashiddar
Hardy Cross Method of pipe network analysis has revolutionized the municipal water supply design. i.e., EPANET, a public domain software of water supply, uses the Hardy cross method for pipe network analysis. It is an iterative approach to estimate the flows within the pipe network where inflows (supply) and outflows (demand) with pipe characteristics are known.
Deals with primary sedimentation tanks for the primary treatment of sewage. settling column test, settling profile graph construction and use of the settling profile graph for the design of primary sedimentation tank. both circular and rectangular settling tanks are described here.
1. Introduction to Kinematics
2. Methods of Describing Fluid Motion
a). Lagrangian Method
b). Eulerian Method
3. Flow Patterns
- Stream Line
- Path Line
- Streak Line
- Streak Tube
4. Classification of Fluid Flow
a). Steady and Unsteady Flow
b). Uniform and Non-Uniform Flow
c). Laminar and Turbulent Flow
d). Rotational and Irrotational Flow
e). Compressible and Incompressible Flow
f). Ideal and Real Flow
g). One, Two and Three Dimensional Flow
5. Rate of Flow (Discharge) and Continuity Equation
6. Continuity Equation in Three Dimensions
7. Velocity and Acceleration
8. Stream and Velocity Potential Functions
Open channel Flow -Class lectures at WUB, Book references, Mission and Vision, CO and PO, definition of OCF, Aplication of Hydraulics, ,Difference between OCF and Pipe flow, Classification, Flow profile and cross sections.
Flow in super critical state is an unstable type of flow. It has a tendency to transfer n to sub critical flow. Flow depth is small in a supercritical state. which increases suddenly while changing the subcritical state. This phenomenon sudden increase in depth of flow is called a HYDRAULIC JUMP.
Sludge dewatering is a prior process to manage the sludge. The dewatering requires to decrease the volume of sludge for easy handling. It has two methods: Conventional and advance.
this presentation gives you a quick glimpse of Sludge Dewatering process and method.
Hardy cross method of pipe network analysissidrarashiddar
Hardy Cross Method of pipe network analysis has revolutionized the municipal water supply design. i.e., EPANET, a public domain software of water supply, uses the Hardy cross method for pipe network analysis. It is an iterative approach to estimate the flows within the pipe network where inflows (supply) and outflows (demand) with pipe characteristics are known.
Deals with primary sedimentation tanks for the primary treatment of sewage. settling column test, settling profile graph construction and use of the settling profile graph for the design of primary sedimentation tank. both circular and rectangular settling tanks are described here.
1. Introduction to Kinematics
2. Methods of Describing Fluid Motion
a). Lagrangian Method
b). Eulerian Method
3. Flow Patterns
- Stream Line
- Path Line
- Streak Line
- Streak Tube
4. Classification of Fluid Flow
a). Steady and Unsteady Flow
b). Uniform and Non-Uniform Flow
c). Laminar and Turbulent Flow
d). Rotational and Irrotational Flow
e). Compressible and Incompressible Flow
f). Ideal and Real Flow
g). One, Two and Three Dimensional Flow
5. Rate of Flow (Discharge) and Continuity Equation
6. Continuity Equation in Three Dimensions
7. Velocity and Acceleration
8. Stream and Velocity Potential Functions
Open channel Flow -Class lectures at WUB, Book references, Mission and Vision, CO and PO, definition of OCF, Aplication of Hydraulics, ,Difference between OCF and Pipe flow, Classification, Flow profile and cross sections.
This presentation is about water recover from waste water. In the end of the presentation attendant are able to understand basic of water reclamation system. Also able to know how RO & UF membrane foul & scale. and how to remove (Chemical cleaning). Important factor need to monitor during operation, identify symptoms of problem. Also can identify cost saving categories & effective operations & chemical cleaning.
Performance Study of Tube Settlers ModuleIJERA Editor
The water treatment plant plays an important role for supplying and purifying potable water. The present study is aimed to emphasize the performance of tube settler unit. A pilot scale model of sedimentation tank is prepared & installed for performance measurement. In conventional sedimentation tank the detention time required is 2-4 hrs. In view of increasing demand of water for society, a modification is used in water treatment plant i.e. high rate settling. The detention time is reduced up to 10-15 min. which is very less as compare to conventional sedimentation tank. The average efficiency of turbidity removal is 70-80% in modified unit as compare to conventional tube settler unit.
water treatment plant brief report of dantiwadaTalhaManasiya
Objective of visit:
The main aim of visit is to observe & understand the functions of each treatment unit in
detail and how practically they are solving the day to day problem if arises. Site in
charge has briefed the students about Treatment process of water and different
treatments units required for it.
it is a benficial slide who wants to know about the drilling fluids and the rhelogical aspects of the drilling fluids. the things are clear and very clear in this slide and this slide is very beneficial for the one who know basics of drilling fluids in a knowledgeable way
3. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.
Solid liquid separation process in which a suspension is
separated into two phases –
Clarified supernatant leaving the top of the sedimentation
tank (overflow).
Concentrated sludge leaving the bottom of the
sedimentation tank (underflow).
4. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.
Purpose of Settling
To remove coarse dispersed phase.
To remove coagulated and flocculated impurities.
To remove precipitated impurities after chemical
treatment.
To settle the sludge (biomass) after activated sludge
process / tricking filters.
5. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.
Principle of Settling
Suspended solids present in water having specific
gravity greater than that of water tend to settle down
by gravity as soon as the turbulence is retarded by
offering storage.
Basin in which the flow is retarded is called settling
tank.
Theoretical average time for which the water is
detained in the settling tank is called the detention
period.
6. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.
7. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.
Types of Settling
Type I settling (free settling)
Type II settling (settling of flocculated
particles)
Type III settling (zone or hindered
settling)
Type IV settling (compression settling)
8. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.
Design parameters for settling tank
Types of settling
Overflow rate
m3m2/day
Solids loading
kg/m2/day
Depth
Detentio
n time
Average Peak Average Peak
Primary settling only 25-30 50-60 - - 2.5-3.5 2.0-2.5
Primary settling followed by
secondary treatment
35-50 60-120 - - 2.5-3.5
Primary settling with activated
sludge return
25-35 50-60 - - 3.5-4.5 -
Secondary settling for trickling
filters
15-25 40-50 70-120 190 2.5-3.5 1.5-2.0
Secondary settling for activated
sludge (excluding extended
aeration)
15-35 40-50 70-140 210 3.5-4.5 -
Secondary settling for extended
8-15 25-35 25-120 170 3.5-4.5 -
9. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.
Design Details
Detention period: for plain sedimentation: 3 to 4 h, and for
coagulated sedimentation: 2 to 2.5 h.
Velocity of flow: Not greater than 30 cm/min (horizontal
flow).
Tank dimensions: L:B = 3 to 5:1. Generally L= 30 m
(common) maximum 100 m. Breadth= 6 m to 10 m.
Circular: Diameter not greater than 60 m. generally 20 to
40 m.
10. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.
Depth 2.5 to 5.0 m (3 m).
Surface Overflow Rate: For plain sedimentation 12000 to
18000 L/d/m2 tank area; for thoroughly flocculated water
24000 to 30000 L/d/m2 tank area.
Slopes: Rectangular 1% towards inlet and circular 8%.
11. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.
Problem:
Design a rectangular sedimentation tank to treat 2.4
million litres of raw water per day. The detention period
may be assumed to be 3 hours.
12. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.
Solution: Raw water flow per day is 2.4 x 106 L . Detention
period is 3h.
Volume of tank = Flow x Detention period = 2.4 x 106 x 3/24 =
300 m3
Assume depth of tank = 3.0 m.
Surface area = 300/3 = 100 m2
L/B = 3 (assumed). L = 3B.
3B2 = 100 m2 i.e. B = 5.8 m
L = 3B = 5.8 X 3 = 17.4 m
Hence surface loading (Overflow rate) = 2.4 x 106 =
100
24,000 L/d/m2
13. Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research
Laboratories Complex, Karachi
Off: University Road, Karachi-75280.