This document discusses sedimentary petrology and the formation of sedimentary rocks. It defines sediments as materials formed by weathering and erosion of pre-existing rocks. Sediments are classified based on particle size, ranging from boulders and pebbles to clay. Sedimentary rocks form through the processes of sediment generation, transportation, deposition, compaction and cementation. The roundness of sediment particles provides clues about the distance of sediment transportation prior to deposition and lithification into sedimentary rock. Major rock types include clastic rocks derived from eroded particles or clasts, and non-clastic rocks formed by chemical or organic processes.