1) Both expected and unexpected results are important in research and unexpected results do not necessarily mean the study was flawed. 2) Many factors can influence unexpected results, including issues with sampling, procedures, data gathering, research design, and statistical analysis. 3) Proper generalization of results requires the evidence be collected from an adequately sampled population and unsupported speculations, assumptions, or broad generalizations should be avoided.

1. EXPECTED AND UNEXPECTED
RESULTS
HEZEL NEE V. GUPIT
MALE- English I
JAMES L. PAGLINAWAN, PhD
EDUC. 241 Professor

3. EXPECTED RESULTS
- undeniably easy to interpret

4. Do you consider negative results as equivalent to
bad results? Yes or No?
How will you deal with unexpected results?

5. A contradictory result does not mean that
the study is bade and incorrect, but it
suggests the idea of further
investigation.

6. FACTORS TO CONSIDER IN UNEXPECTED RESULTS
RESULTSRESEARCHER
INSTRUMENT
SAMPLING
PROCEDURE
DATA-
GATHERING
PROCEDURE &
STATISTICAL
TREATMENT.
RESEARCH
DESIGN

7. GUIDED QUESTIONS FOR SUMMARY

8. What is the significance of sampling in
making generalizations of findings?
Sampling plays an important
role in research inasmuch as
generalization of research
results are based from the
samples of the study.

9. What should be the bases for making
generalizations?
Generalizations or conclusion
should be drawn only for the
population and circumstances
for which the evidences have
been collected.

10. What should be avoided in making
generalizations?
 Broad generalizations not adequately
supported by research data.
 Speculations or assumptions not supported
by findings.
 Opinionated statements or inconclusive
and sweeping statements not supported by
research evidence.

11. Why is interpretation of data needed in the
research process?
The stage of the research process where
the researcher contributes to the present
state of knowledge and reflects
researcher’s own understanding of the
research results which are guided by
logic and reason, established theories,
and previous findings.

12. • REMEMBER!!
 Intentionally changing the research results in
order to satisfy one’s expectation is unethical
and is considered a “taboo” in research.

13. THANK YOU AND GOD BLESS 