There are two main types of body waves that travel through the earth during an earthquake: P-waves and S-waves. P-waves are faster, longitudinal primary waves that can travel through solid, liquid, and gas, while S-waves are slower, transverse secondary waves that can only travel through solids. Body waves transmit earthquake vibrations through the earth's interior and can travel far from the epicenter, making them detectable by seismographs and important for understanding earthquake monitoring, the earth's structure, and engineering designs.
Seismic waves are the waves of energy caused by the sudden breaking of rock within the earth or an explosion.
Response of material to the arrival of energy fronts released by rupture.
Energy that travels through the earth and is recorded on seismographs.
The Earths Interior Mechanical Layers The Earth can be broken into .pdfvinotha58
The Earth's Interior: Mechanical Layers The Earth can be broken into more than just the
traditional compositional units of continental crust, oceanic crust, mantle, and core. Our
understanding of the Earth's mechanical layers has its roots in the study of earthquakes.
Earthquakes are ground vibrations caused by rapid release of stored energy along a fault. The
energy released radiates outward spherically in the form of seismic waves. Four different types
of seismic waves have been identified, two of which (Pwaves and S-waves) are called body
waves because they pass through the interior (body) of the earth. Por primary-waves are so called
because they are the first waves detected in any earthquake and they have the fastest velocities of
the wave types. S- or secondary-waves are slower than P-waves, arriving shortly after a P-wave
at a seismic station. All wave types travel faster through, denser and more rigid mediums,
however, S-waves can only travel through solid materials while P-waves can travel through
materials in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state. Seismologist use the various arrival times of
different seismic waves that have traveled though the Earth or bounced off layers to determine
the physical characteristics of the Earth's interior, in much the same way a technician can read a
sonogram from a doctor's office. Before interpreting the seismic velocity chart, you must make
sure you understand some of the basic rules as presented above:
Before interpreting the seismic velocity chart, you must make sure you understand some of the
basic rules as presented above: a) Which seismic wave travels faster, a P-wave or an S-wave? b)
Which seismic wave can travel through all mediums (solid, liquid, and gas)? c) Which seismic
wave can only travel through a solid medium? d) When seismic waves travel through a low
density medium, what should happen to their speed? e) When seismic waves travel through a
high density medium, what should happen to their speed?.
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Seismic waves are the waves of energy caused by the sudden breaking of rock within the earth or an explosion.
Response of material to the arrival of energy fronts released by rupture.
Energy that travels through the earth and is recorded on seismographs.
The Earths Interior Mechanical Layers The Earth can be broken into .pdfvinotha58
The Earth's Interior: Mechanical Layers The Earth can be broken into more than just the
traditional compositional units of continental crust, oceanic crust, mantle, and core. Our
understanding of the Earth's mechanical layers has its roots in the study of earthquakes.
Earthquakes are ground vibrations caused by rapid release of stored energy along a fault. The
energy released radiates outward spherically in the form of seismic waves. Four different types
of seismic waves have been identified, two of which (Pwaves and S-waves) are called body
waves because they pass through the interior (body) of the earth. Por primary-waves are so called
because they are the first waves detected in any earthquake and they have the fastest velocities of
the wave types. S- or secondary-waves are slower than P-waves, arriving shortly after a P-wave
at a seismic station. All wave types travel faster through, denser and more rigid mediums,
however, S-waves can only travel through solid materials while P-waves can travel through
materials in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state. Seismologist use the various arrival times of
different seismic waves that have traveled though the Earth or bounced off layers to determine
the physical characteristics of the Earth's interior, in much the same way a technician can read a
sonogram from a doctor's office. Before interpreting the seismic velocity chart, you must make
sure you understand some of the basic rules as presented above:
Before interpreting the seismic velocity chart, you must make sure you understand some of the
basic rules as presented above: a) Which seismic wave travels faster, a P-wave or an S-wave? b)
Which seismic wave can travel through all mediums (solid, liquid, and gas)? c) Which seismic
wave can only travel through a solid medium? d) When seismic waves travel through a low
density medium, what should happen to their speed? e) When seismic waves travel through a
high density medium, what should happen to their speed?.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
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Ethnobotany in herbal drug evaluation,
Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
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5. P – waves (Primary wave)
they are the fastest
seismic waves
can travel through solid
rock, liquids , and gases
6. S-waves (Secondary waves)
they are slower than P-
waves
can only travels
through solid material
but not through liquid
or gases
7. COMPARISON
Body waves
travel in straight line from the seismic
source and can pass through solids ,
liquid, and gases
travel’s faster
Can penetrate through the earth’s
interior, reaching remote locations far
from the earthquake source
Surface waves
travel along the earth’s surface rather
than through interior
travel’s slower
confined to the earth’s surface and do
not penetrate deep into the interior
19. USE OF BODY WAVES
Body waves are the primary
waves generated by an
earthquake and are
detectable by
seismographs.
EARTHQUAKE
DETECTION
AND
MONITORING
20. USE OF BODY WAVES
Body waves travel through
the Earth’s interior and
their behavior is influenced
by the properties of the
materials they encounter.
EARTH’S
INTERIOR
STRUCTURE
21. USE OF BODY WAVES
Understanding the
behavior of body waves
during an earthquake is
crucial for designing
structures that can
withstand seismic forces.
EARTHQUAKE
ENGINEERING