Science is a method of understanding the natural world through making observations and developing testable explanations known as hypotheses. Scientists form hypotheses and models to make predictions that can be observed, and theories are explanations that have been well tested to unify broad observations. The scientific process involves observations, developing hypotheses and models, making predictions, and building theories through testing to best explain natural phenomena.

1. Introduction to Science

2. What is ”Science”?
Science… is made up of mistakes, but
they are mistakes which it is useful to
make, because they lead little by little to
the truth.” –Jules Vern

3. What is ”Science”
Science is not a ‘thing’, but a way of thinking.
Focus of science is the natural world
Can be used to understand anything that is Observable
Observable: able to be experienced using the senses
Science changes over time to give the best explanation possible

4. Observations
The noticing and describing of events or processes.
Observations rely on our senses, or on scientific instruments
which enhance our senses.
Observations can be:
Qualitative: use adjectives and descriptions
Quantitative: use measurements and numbers

5. Hypothesis
A possible explanation for a set of observations, or a possible
answer to a scientific question. A good hypothesis should
offer predictions that are testable

6. Model
A representation of an idea, object, system, or process which
is used to explain something that cannot be experienced
directly. Similar to a hypothesis.
Types of model include conceptual (ideas), mathematical,
computer, physical.

7. Prediction
A guess, based on observations, hypothesis, or theory, which
is observable and testable.

8. Theory
A well tested explanation that unifies a broad range of
observations and hypotheses, and enables scientists to make
accurate and testable predictions about new situations.
Theories will change to incorporate and explain new
observations, or will be replaced by better theories
Ex: Theory of Gravity, Theory of Relativity, Germ Theory,
Theory of Evolution, Molecular Theory, Theory of Plate
Tectonics

9. Observations
Hypothesese Models
Predictions
Theory