School phobia in children affects their social, cognitive, and motor skill development. It can lead to poor academic performance, lack of interest in learning, health issues, and delayed development. Studies show that 5-7.5% of school-aged children experience some degree of school phobia, with the most common age being 5-9 years old. Risk factors include issues at home or school, trauma, and imbalances in brain chemistry that can cause increased anxiety. Treatment involves cognitive behavioral therapy, desensitization, and gradual exposure to reduce anxiety through psychological support from parents, teachers, and counselors.