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Child schizophrenia and depression
This document provides information on childhood schizophrenia and depression. It defines childhood schizophrenia as a severe brain disorder where children interpret reality abnormally, and notes its causes are unknown but may involve genetics, environment, and brain abnormalities. It describes the onset of symptoms between late teens to mid-30s, and risk factors like family history. Signs include language delays and strange behavior. Diagnosis involves evaluating thoughts, functions, and symptoms. Treatments include medications and therapy. Complications involve inability to work or attend school. Childhood depression is defined by inability to enjoy activities and involves symptoms like changes in appetite and sleep. It affects many children and teens and has causes like genetics and life stress.
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Child schizophrenia and depression
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- 3. Definition • Childhood schizophreniais a severe brain disorder in which children interpret reality abnormally. Schizophrenia involves a range of problems with thinking (cognitive), behavior or emotions.
- 4. Causes • Unknown • Braindisorders • Genetics and environment • Problems with neurotransmitters • Difference in brain structure
- 5. Risk factors • Familyhistory of schizophrenia • Exposure to viruses, toxins or malnutrition while in the womb • Abnormal activation of the immune system • Older age of the father • Taking psychoactive drugs during teen years
- 6. Onset • symptoms startin the late teens to the mid-30s • Early-onset schizophrenia occurs in children younger than age 17 • Very early-onset schizophrenia in children younger than age 13.
- 7. Clinical Features Early signsand symptoms • Language delays • Late or unusual crawling • Late walking • Other abnormal motor behaviors
- 8. Contd….. Symptoms in teenagers Withdrawalfrom friends and family A drop in performance at school Trouble sleeping Irritability or depressed mood Lack of motivation Strange behavior
- 9. Contd… Teens may be: •Less likely to have delusions • More likely to have visual hallucinations
- 10. Contd… Later signs andsymptoms • Hallucinations. • Delusions. • Disorganized thinking (speech). • Disorganized or abnormal motor behavior. • Negative symptoms.
- 11. Diagnostic Measures • Child'smedical and psychiatric history • Conduct a physical examination • Medical and psychological screenings • Review school records.
- 12. Tests and screenings. •Blood tests • Imaging studies, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computerized tomography (CT) • Electroencephalogram (EEG)
- 13. Psychological evaluation • Observeappearance and demeanor • Asking about thoughts, feelings and behavior patterns • Talking to child about any thoughts of self-harm or harming others • Evaluate the ability to think and function at an age-appropriate level • Assessing mood, anxiety and possible psychotic symptoms.
- 14. Diagnostic criteria • Hallucinations •Delusions • Disorganized speech • Disorganized behavior • Catatonic behavior, which can range from a coma-like daze to bizarre, hyperactive behavior • Negative symptoms, which relate to lack of or reduced ability to function normally
- 15. Treatment • Medications • Individualand family therapy • Social and academic skills training • Hospitalization • Lifestyle and home remedies
- 16. Complications • Poor performanceor inability to attend school or work • Inability to perform daily activities, such as bathing or dressing • Withdrawal from friends and family • Suicide • Self-injury • Anxiety and phobias • Depression
- 17. Contd… • Abuse ofalcohol, drugs or prescription medications • Poverty • Homelessness • Family conflicts • Inability to live independently • Health problems • Being a victim of aggressive behavior • Aggressive behavior
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- 19. DEFINITION • Being unableto enjoy activities that they once enjoyed, complaining about physical ailments, or may seem bored and have problems concentrating, among other symptoms.
- 20. INCIDENCE • Each yeardepression affects 17 million people of all age groups, races, and economic backgrounds • 1 in every 33 children may have depression • In teens, that number may be as high as 1 in 8
- 21. CAUSES • Lowered levelsof neurotransmitters in the brain • Genetics • Significant life events • Stress • Chronic illness.
- 22. TYPES • Major depression •Dysthymia • Bipolar disorder
- 23. CLINICAL FEATURES • Changesin appetite • Changes in sleep • Continuous feelings of sadness or hopelessness • Difficulty concentrating • Fatigue and low energy • Feelings of worthlessness or guilt
- 24. Contd.. • Impaired thinkingor concentration • Increased sensitivity to rejection • Irritability or anger • Physical complaints • Reduced ability to function • Social withdrawal • Thoughts of death or suicide • Vocal outbursts or crying.
- 25. DIAGNOSTIC MEASURES • History •Mental status examination • Laboratory tests • Imaging studies X-ray, scan, or other imaging study
- 26. TREATMENT • Addressing anymedical conditions • Supportive therapy • Psychotherapy Interpersonal therapy Cognitive behavioral therapy • Complementary therapies • Medications
- 27. Complications • Poor academicperformance • Engaging in alcohol and drug abuse • Job disruptions • Family and other social upheaval during adulthood.
- 28. 3. National Regulations Assessmentand ratings Thank you...Thank you...
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