School health services aim to promote health and prevent disease among students, teachers, and staff. This is achieved through periodic medical examinations, health education, ensuring a healthy school environment, and addressing common health issues among students like malnutrition, infectious diseases, and dental caries. The school health team, which includes principals, teachers, parents, medical officers, and nurses, work together to implement school health programs and maintain student health records. The goal is to create healthy, productive learning environments for children.

2. SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES

3. School
School is defined as an educational institution where
groups of pupils pursue defined studies at defined
levels, receive instructions from one or more teachers,
frequently interact with other officers and employees
such as principal, various supervisors/ instructors, and
maintenance staff etc., usually housed in a single
building.

4. School Health
School health refers to a state of complete
physical, mental, social and spiritual well
being and not merely the absence of disease or
Infirmity among pupils, teachers and other
school personnel.

5. School Health Services
School health services refer to need based
comprehensive services rendered to pupils,
teachers and other personnel in the school
to promote and protect their health, prevent
and control diseases and maintain their
health.

6. HISTORICAL DEVLOPMENT
• 1909, when for the first time medical examination of
school children was done in Baroda city.
• 1953 the Secondary education committee emphasized
the need for medical examination of pupils and school
feeding programme.
• 1960 the Ministry of Health, Government of India, set up
a School Health Committee under the chairmanship of
Smt. Renuka Ray.

7. AIM OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
The ultimate aim of School
Health Services is to promote,
protect and maintain health of
school children and reduce
morbidity and mortality in
them.

8. OBJECTIVES OF SCHOOL HEALTH
SERVICES
1. The promotion of positive health.
2. The prevention of diseases.
3. Early diagnosis, treatment and follow up of
defects.
4. Awakening health consciousness in children.
5. The provision of healthful environment

9. SCHOOL HEALTH PROBLEMS
• Health problems
• Behavior problems

10. PRINCIPLES OF SCHOOL HEALTH
SERVICES
School health service should
• Be based on health needs of
school children.
• Be planned in coordination with
school, health personnel,
parents and community people.
• Be part of community health
services.

11. PRINCIPLES OF SCHOOL HEALTH
SERVICES
• Emphasize on promotive and
preventive aspects.
• Emphasize on health education to
promote, protect, improve and
maintain health of children and staff.
• Be ongoing and continuous
programme.
• Have an effective system of record
keeping and reporting.

12. NEED FOR SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
• School children constitute a vital and
substantial segment of population.
• School children are vulnerable section of the
population by virtue of their physical, mental,
emotional and social growth and development
during this period.

13. NEED FOR SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
• School children are exposed to various stressful situations.
These situations can cause mental health problems.
• Children coming to school to different socio economic and
cultural backgrounds which affect their health and nutrition
status.
• Children in school age are prone to get specific health
problems

14. SCHOOL HEALTH PROBLEMS
Health problems:-
1. Malnutrition
2. Infectious diseases
3. Intestinal parasites
4. Diseases of skin, eye and ear
5. Dental caries.

15. SCHOOL HEALTH PROBLEMS
Behavior problems
• Antisocial problem
• Habit disorders
• Personality disorders.
• Educational difficulties

16. ASPECTS OF SCHOOL HEALTH
SERVICES
• Health appraisal of school children and school personnel.
• Remedial measures and follow up
• Prevention of communicable diseases
• Healthful school environment
• Nutritional services
• First aid and emergency care

17. ASPECTS OF SCHOOL HEALTH
SERVICES
• Mental health
• Dental health
• Eye health
• Health education
• Education of handicapped children
• Proper maintenance and use of school health records

18. Health appraisal of school children
and
school personnel
• Periodic medical examination
• School personnel
• Daily morning inspection

19. Remedial measures and follow up

20. PREVENTION OF
COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

21. Healthful school environment
• Location
• Site
• Structure
• Class room
• Furniture

22. Healthful school environment
• Doors and windows
• Colour
• Lighting
• Water supply
• Eating facilities
• Lavatory

23. Location
• Centrally located with proper approach roads
and at a fair distances from busy places.

24. Site
• School health committee recommended that 10
acres of land for higher elementary schools
and 5 acres of land for primary schools with an
additional one acre of land per 100 students.

25. Structure
• Nursery and Secondary schools may be single
storied.
• Exterior walls should have a minimum
thickness of 10 inches and it should be heat
resistant.

26. Class room
• No class room should
accommodate more
than 40 students.
• Per capita space for
students in a class
room should not be
less than 10 sq.ft

27. Furniture
• Chairs should
be provided
with proper
back rests
with facilities
for desk work

28. Doors and windows
• The windows should be broad at a
height of 2’-6’’ from the floor
level.
• The combined window and door
area should be at least 25 percent
of the floor space.
• Ventilators should not be less than
2 percent of floor area.

29. Colour
• Preferably white and it should be periodically
white washed.

30. Lighting
• Sufficient natural light preferably
from left and should not be from
front.

31. Water supply
There should be an independent source of safe
and potable water supply, which should be
continuous and distributed from the taps.

32. Eating facilities
• There should be a
separate room for mid
day meals.

33. Lavatory
• One urinal for 60 students
• One latrine for 100 students.

34. Nutritional services
• Mid day School meal programme
• Applied nutrition programme
• Specific nutrients

35. First aid and emergency care
The emergencies in
school
• Accidents leading to
minor or serious
injuries
• Medical emergencies
such as gastroenteritis

36. Mental health
• Juvenile Delinquency
• Mal adjustment
• Drug addiction

37. Dental health

38. Eye health services
• Early detection of
refractive errors
• Treatment of squint and
amblyopia
• Detection and treatment
of eye infections
• Administration of vit A
prophylaxis

39. Health Education
• Personal hygiene
• Environmental health
• Family life

40. Education of the handicapped children
• To lead normal life as possible
• To become independent
• To become productive and self supporting
member of society.

41. School health records
It contains
• Identifying data; name, date of
birth, parents name and address.
• Past health history.
• Record of findings of physical
examination

42. School health administration
• Primary health centres
A medical officer to cover 5,000 to 6,000
children a year.
• School health committees
At village level, block level,district level,
state level and national level

43. SCHOOL HEALTH TEAM
1. The school principal
2. The school teacher
3. The parents
4. The community
5. The children
6. The medical officer
7. The school health nurse/community health nurse

44. The school principal
• Ensure that school health programme has the approval and
support of school administrative authority.
• Setup a school health committee/school health council to
work out the school health plan and plan for its
implementation.
• Ensure that teachers are adequately trained for health care
of school-children.

45. The school principal
• Provide facilities for implementation of school health
activities.
• Make sure that proper health records are maintained.
• Ensure that parents are involved and follow up of
children is done.

46. THE SCHOOL TEACHER
• Daily inspection of children for personal hygiene and
cleanliness
• Daily observation of children for detecting any evidence of
any deviation from normal health, behavior, any
communicable disease, malnutrition etc;
• Help in control of communicable diseases;

47. THE SCHOOL TEACHER
• Referral of child having any problem to school
health clinic for further action
• Informing the parents and maintaining follow up
• Maintaining record of anthropometric
measurements and other health record of children;

48. THE SCHOOL TEACHER
• Help in providing safe environmental sanitation
• Giving First Aid and Emergency care to children;
• Imparting of health education on healthful living habits and
behavior etc;
• Participate in investigation of epidemic or any
communicable disease etc.

49. THE PARENTS
• They can help in making assessment of health of children
by providing information regarding past and present history
of medical problems.
• They can participate in physical and medical examination of
children and also in immunization of children.
• They can help in correction of defects if any and follow up
of children found sick.

50. THE PARENTS
• They can help in formation of good healthful living habits
and behaviour.
• Through "Parents- Teachers Association" the parents can be
involved in planning, organizing and implementation of
school health programme.
• Parents must relieve child work pressure at home.

51. THE COMMUNITY
• Providing suitable land for school building
• Providing funds and labour in building proper school
• Participation in school health committees or councils and contribute
in formulation of school health policies and plan
• Participation in implementation of programme activities
• Motivating parents to send their children to school and take care of
their health etc.

52. THE
CHILDREN
• Learn values of medical and health examinations, personal
hygiene, good nutrition, environmental sanitation
• Co-operate in various aspects of school health programme
• Develop positive habits and healthful living activities as
educated upon
• Extend this knowledge to other members of the family,
neighborhood etc.

53. THE MEDICAL OFFICER
• Medical examination of the students;
• Making diagnosis
• Prescribing treatment
• Making referral to specialists
• Ensuring follow up of children
• Initiating promotive and preventive programme

54. THE MEDICAL OFFICER
• Inspection of school environment and sanitation
• Holding meetings with parents and teachers;
• Ensuring maintenance of records and reports;
• Evaluation of the programme and redefining
programme objectives and activities.

55. Role of Community health nurse in
School health
• Health promotion and specific protection
• Early diagnosis and treatment
• Prevention of complications and rehabiltation
• Other functions

56. THANK YOU