Follow-up care is important for effective school health services. This includes monitoring students' health issues and providing ongoing treatment and support.

3. Lesson Plan
Overview
Introduction
Definition of School, School Health , School Health Services
SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES IN KSA
Purpose of School Health service
Objectives of school health program
Aspects of School Health Service
Targets of School Health services
Reasons for considering school child as a special conside...
GOALS OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
Why SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES are needed? 1 2 3
ETHICS OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES….. 1 2

4. Overview
• Children between the age of 5-17 years are school age children.
• About 30 percent of the population is comprised of this age group.

5. Introduction
• An important branch of community health.
• According to modern concepts, school health service is an economical
and powerful means of raising community health, and more
important, in future generations.
• The school health service is a personal health service.
• It has developed during the past 70 years from the narrower concept
of medical examination of children to the present-day broader
concept of comprehensive care of the health and well-being of
children throughout the school years.

6. School
• School is defined as an educational institution
where groups of pupils pursue defined studies at
defined levels, receive instructions from one or
more teachers, frequently interact with other
officers and employees such as principal, various
supervisors/ instructors, and maintenance staff
etc.,

7. School Health
• School health refers to a state of complete
physical, mental, social and spiritual well being
and not merely the absence of disease or
Infirmity among pupils, teachers and other
school personnel.

8. School Health Services
• Ideally School health services refer to need based comprehensive
services rendered to pupils, teachers and other personnel in the
school to promote and protect their health, prevent and control
diseases and maintain their health. But practically, it refers to
providing need based comprehensive services to pupils to promote
and protect their health, control diseases and maintain their health

9. SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES IN KSA

10. PURPOSE OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
The ultimate purpose of School Health Services
is to promote, protect and maintain health of
school children and reduce morbidity and
mortality in them

11. Objectives of school health program
• The promotion of positive health.
• The prevention of diseases.
• Early diagnosis, treatment and follow up of
defects.
• Awakening health consciousness in children.
• The provision of healthful environment

12. Aspects of School Health Service
• Manifold
• Local priorities.
• lf plentiful resources, special school health services may be
developed.
• > Some aspects of a school health services are as follows-

13. Targets of School Health services
• Creation of a suitable environment indispensable for healthy growth.
• To have a clear image of the health conditions of students and
employees through various types of medical inspection and appraisal.
• The early discovery of aberrations from normal, and the application of
prompt corrections.
• Training of academics in health habits through resourceful programs of
health education.
• Attention for the handicapped, maladjusted or crippled .

14. Reasons for considering school child as a special
consideration
• This group is of vital rank to the health of the
community,
• They constitute a considerable slice of the population.
• School children are subject to the dangers and threats of
communicable diseases.
• They experience the tensions and strains of growth and
development.

15. GOAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
• To prepare the younger generation to adopt measures to remain
healthy so as to help them to make the best use of educational
facilities, to utilize leisure in productive and constructive manner, to
enjoy recreation and to develop concern for others.
• To help the younger generation become healthy and useful citizens
who will be able to perform their role effectively for the welfare of
themselves, their families, and the community at large and country as
a whole.

16. Why SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES are needed?
• A healthy child is mentally alert, receptive,
will not miss school due to minor sickness
and will have better performance in his/her
studies
• Health is not just freedom from sickness or
infirmity but the realization of the full
potential of the child which has physical,
mental, social and spiritual components

17. Why SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES are needed?
• Prevention is better than cure;
interventions when health breaks
down are costly and time
consuming
• School health services will help
identify any deviations from
normal growth and development,
any health problem so that timely,
therapeutic, corrective and
rehabilitative actions can be taken
to im-prove and maintain health
and continue studies.

18. Why SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES are needed?
• While early diagnosis and prompt
and adequate treatment is of great
importance, follow up care is
equally important for effective
school health services
• Rehabilitation of physically and
mentally handicapped children can
be done and must receive
adequate attention
• Health knowledge and skills learnt
not only will benefit the child but
also it will benefit the school, the
parents, family and community

19. ETHICS OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
1. Be based on health essentials of
school children.
2. Be strategic in synchronization
with school, health personnel,
parents and community people.
3. Be part of public health
services.
4. Give emphasis to promotive
and preventive aspects

20. ETHICS OF SCHOOL HEALTH SERVICES
5. Stress on health education to
promote, protect, improve and
maintain health of children and
Staff.
6. Underline learning through
active and desirable participation.
7. Be constant and continuous
programme.
8. Have an effective classification
of record keeping and reporting

21. Program of School Health
1. Health Promotion.
2. Prevention of health risks.
3. Medical Care .
4. Health appraisal and
Education

22. Health Promotion:
• Sufficient nutrition,
• Hygienic school environment,
• Meeting the needs for mental advancement
(emotive & interactive adjustment ),
• Physical fitness and accomplishments,
( for musculoskeletal development )
• Prevention of mental exhaustion,
• Community activities and refreshment.

23. SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT
• The physical school environment
encompasses the school building
and all its contents including
physical structures, infrastructure,
furniture, and the use and
presence of chemicals and
biological agents; the site on which
a school is located; and the
surrounding environment including
the air, water, and materials with
which children may come into
contact, as well as nearby land
uses, roadways and other hazards
(WHO - INFORMATION SERIES ON
SCHOOL HEALTH DOCUMENT 2)

24. Components of school Environment:
1. Site and area:
- easily reached.
- Located in quite area.
- 10 – 15 square m. / student
2. School building:
- Damp, fire and rat proof.
- 2 – 3 floors
- > 1 stair case.
- Governmental design( E, T, L types ).
3. Class rooms:
- Rectangular 6x8 = 48 m2
- 1-1.5m2 of floor area for primary students,
- 1.5-2m2 for intermed. & high school students.
- Windows location on left side.
- Allow best illumination.
- Natural & white ceiling.

25. Components of school Environment:
• 4. School furniture:
- Suitably suspended writing board,
- Height & slope of desks ( 15 degree
angle ),
- Size of seats in relation to students
age & built,
- Distance between columns of desks
( 60 cm.).

26. Components of school Environment
• 5. Kitchen and Dining:
- Proper illumination & ventilation,
- Rat & insect proof,
- Washable walls & floors,
- Cold & hot water taps,
- Refrigerators ,
- Sanitary refuse baskets ,
- > one door ,
- Proper control of food handlers.
• 6. Water, Sewage and refuse disposal:
- Drinking fountains,
- one tap / 40 students,
- one toilette / 30 students,
- Soap & ? Paper towels

27. Health Problems of the School Child
• Any discussion of a school health service must be based on:
• 1. the local health problems of the school child,
• 2. the culture of the community and
• 3. the available resources in terms of money, material and
manpower.
• 4. While the health problems of school children vary from one place
to another, surveys indicate that the main emphasis will fall in the
following categories.

28. SCHOOL HEALTH PROBLEMS
• Dental problems
• Malnutrition
• Infectious diseases/Communicable
diseases
• Parasitic infestations
• Lice infestation
• Diseases of skin
• Diseases of eye
• Diseases of ear
• Congenital abnormalities
• Psychological problems.

29. SCHOOL HEALTH PROBLEMS
Behavior problem
• 1. Antisocial problem: - stealing,
lying, gambling, destructiveness,
sexual offence.
• 2. Habit disorders: - nail biting,
thumb sucking, bed wetting.

30. SCHOOL HEALTH PROBLEMS
• 3. Personality disorders: -
temper tantrum, shyness, day
dreaming, and jealousy.
• 4. Educational difficulties: -
backwardness in study, school
fear, school failure, etc.

31. Medical Care
• Health Assessment
• full medical examination
• screening investigations
• weight and height
• visual acuity
• acuity of hearing
• IQ testing
• dental examination
• medical (curative) service
• School health units
• referrals to specialized clinics
• referrals to hospitals for diagnosis and treatment of disease.
• Some cases may need specialized diagnosis or/and management.
• appraisal studies
• e.g. nutritional deficiency and parasitic diseases, and handicapping conditions

32. Health Appraisal (inspection and
examination
• School Personnel:
• Medical examination of teachers and other school personnel as they form
part of the environment to which the child is exposed.
• Daily Morning Inspection:
• The teacher is in a unique position to carry out the "daily inspection", as
he/she is familiar with the children and can detect changes in the child's
appearance or behavior that's suggest illness or improper growth and
development. The following clues will help the school teacher in suspecting
chiIdren who need medical attention:

33. Remedial measures and follow-up
• Medical examinations are not an end in themselves; they should be
followed by appropriate treatment and follow-up.
• Special clinics should be conducted exclusively for school children at
the primary health centers in the rural areas, and in one of the
selected schools or dispensaries for the group of about 5000 children
in the urban areas.

34. Prevention of Communicable diseases
► Communicable diseases control through immunization is the most
emphasized school health service function.
► A well planned immunization program should be drawn up against
the common communicable diseases.
► A record of all immunizations should be maintained.

35. School Health Record
• School Health Record:
Each school child should have his
own health record, for registration of
events and activities related to
health.
• Contents of Record:
- Personal and social data.
- Results of health appraisal.
- Immunizations /date/age.
- Any morbidity, and management
record.

36. Role of School Health Nurse:
• Health assessment, including medical inspection, and medical care of
the sick.
• First aid and emergency facility.
• Involvement in prevention and control of communicable diseases.
• Universal inspection of the school environment.
• Contribution in health education program.
• Administering preparation of statistical indices and health reports.