Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disorder that affects about 1% of the population worldwide. It is characterized by positive symptoms like hallucinations and delusions, as well as negative symptoms such as reduced emotional expression. The causes involve both genetic and environmental factors. Treatment involves use of antipsychotic medications to target symptoms, though psychosocial support is also important given the functional impairments. While management can help control symptoms, complete recovery is rare as it is a spectrum of cognitive, emotional and behavioral dysfunctions. Future therapies may involve genetic approaches.