Water is essential for all life on Earth. It makes up 70% of the human body and is necessary for survival. However, despite its abundance, water is actually a limited resource. If we continue using and polluting water carelessly, it could lead to serious health and environmental issues. In order to ensure a sustainable supply of water for future generations, it is important that we conserve water by reducing consumption, prevent pollution, and invest in infrastructure and education around water management.

1. PROJECT FILE
▪ NAME : MANPREET KUMAR BHARTI

2. IMPORTANCE OF WATER
Water is the basic necessity for the functioning of all life forms that exist on earth. It is safe to say that water is
the reason behind earth being the only planet to support life. This universal solvent is one of the major resources
we have on this planet. It is impossible for life to function without water. After all, it makes for almost 70% of
the earth. However, despite its vast abundance, water is very much limited. It is a non-renewable resource. In
addition, we need to realize the fact that although there is an abundance of water, not all of it is safe to consume.
We derive some very essential uses from the water on a daily basis
If we talk about our personal lives, water is the foundation of our existence. The human body needs water for
the day to day survival. We may be able to survive without any food for a whole week but without water, we
won’t even survive for 3 days. Moreover, our body itself comprises of 70% water. This, in turn, helps our body
to function normally.
Thus, the lack of sufficient water or consumption of contaminated water can cause serious health problems for
humans. Therefore, the amount and quality of water which we consume is essential for our physical health plus
fitness.
Further, our daily activities are incomplete without water. Whether we talk about getting up in the morning to
brush or cooking our food, it is equally important. This domestic use of water makes us very dependent on this
transparent chemical.
In addition, on a large scale, the industries consume a lot of water. They need water for almost every step of
their process. It essential for the production of the goods we use every day.
If we look beyond human uses, we will realize how water plays a major role in every living beings life. It is the
home of aquatic animals. From a tiny insect to a whale, every organism needs water to survive.Therefore, we
see how not only human beings but plants and animals too require water. The earth depends on water to
function. We cannot be selfish and use it up for our uses without caring about the environment.

3. WHY SAVING WATER IS IMPORTANT FOR
EARTH
First of all, saving water would result in reducing droughts around the world. Furthermore, the groundwater
level would remain more or less sufficient. Most noteworthy, there would be no shortage of water. This would
significantly increase the chances of survival of animal species. Moreover, living beings would greatly benefit as
they will have a suitable amount of water to drink. The extinction of many species could be prevented. This is
because these species won’t have to struggle or suffer to find water. Did you know that only 2.5% of all the
water in the world is freshwater? And that only 1% is accessible, by accessible, I mean water trapped in
glaciers and snowfields. We only have real access to 0.0007% of the planet’s water, that’s all we have to
feed and fuel over 6.8 billion people. The lack of clean water is a plague that affects 1.8 billion people every
year.
A water crisis is when there is not enough potable water for a population, which in turn leads to drought,
famine, and death. Today safe drinking water has become a luxury for people living in drought-hit regions
and the African subcontinent. People can be seen walking miles and spending the entire day searching for it.
Even if they get it, they have to fight with the waterborne diseases arising from it.
Economic development suffers when basic necessities are not met, and people have to struggle hard for
them. Still, we people take it for granted and do not understand the importance of water conservation.
Reducing water usage would certainly help in the conservation of energy. Furthermore, energy is required to
process and deliver water to our homes, offices, farms, etc. Most noteworthy, when this energy is used to
process water, lot pollution is produced. Consequently, due to less water usage, less energy will be used which
in turn would lead to less pollution.
Another important benefit of saving water is preventing desertification. Most noteworthy, the abundance of
water would mean more trees and plant cover. This is because plants require water to survive. Due to the
deficiency of water, many plants and trees would end up dying. All of this contributes to desertification. Hence,
saving water would help in eliminating desertification and returning the green cover of the Earth.

4. MAJOR CAUSES OF WATER CRISIS
1. Water Pollution:Most of the sources of water in rural areas are terribly polluted due to poor sanitation and
lack of waste treatment plants. Overall levels of global pollutants are having a negative effect on the
drinking water that is currently clean; as time goes on, this damage will be exacerbated.
2. Groundwater over drafting:The excessive use of groundwater in our agricultural industries is leading to
diminished yields and wasted water. Over 70% of our water is used to grow crops, and most of it is wasted
due to leaky pipes and poor watering techniques.
3. Overuse and misuse of water:This leads to more water being wasted and squandered for pointless reasons
and leads to further escalations of the crisis. One single hamburger takes 630 gallons of water to produce!
4. Disease:A large quantity of the available groundwater in the worst affected parts of the world is ridden
with disease due to the lack of proper water treatment and recycling.
5. Climate change:Climate change is changing the way water evaporates and where it rains, pushing rainfall
further south in both hemispheres. Global warming has altered the rainfall pattern in India dramatically.
Previously, average monsoon rainfall spanned 45 days. This number has now decreased to 22 days, with
each monsoon having a smaller intensity of rain.
6. Mismanagement:Improper training and education lead to a needless waste of safe, clean water every day,
as well as overuse in areas that don’t require so much water. Despite being a populous country with diverse
geography and climate, India does not have a comprehensive water policy. There are no proper guidelines
available for the usage of surface water and groundwater by different sectors and different states.
7. Human settlements:Construction of dams, other hydroelectric projects, and water diversion for irrigation
has led to systematically destroying large river ecosystems.
8. Corruption:Simply put. Some of the people who have the power to help those people in need just don’t
care.
9. Lack of institutions:Lesser developed countries have no institutions to advise on water treatment and
management; this leads to mismanagement and waste
10. Lack of infrastructure:Poor regions often don’t have the funds or education to implement proper
infrastructures such as waste treatment and recycling plants
11. Loss of groundwater:Due to climate change, human expansion and development are leading to loss of
groundwater worldwide.
12. Groundwater exploitation:In addition to irrigation, groundwater exploitation has also resulted from rapid
urbanization as well as extreme groundwater usage by soft drink companies such as Coca-Cola. India uses
more groundwater than any other country in the world, and groundwater exploitation has causes accelerated
drying of aquifers. The total groundwater used for irrigation has risen from 30% in the 1980s to nearly 60%
today.
13. Unutilized resources:River basins, catchments, and watersheds have not been properly utilized for water
and soil conservation purposes, which in turn affect the hydrology of the river basins.
roadside.

5. WAYS OF SAVING
WATER
First of all, reducing the bath or shower time is a very important way of saving water. Moreover, during
bath/shower there is wastage of plenty of water. Hence, people must shorten their baths/showers.
Secondly, people must check their toilets for leaks. This is because many toilets leaks can easily go unnoticed.
This certainly results in wastage of water.
Individuals must turn off the tap when brushing teeth. Moreover, many individuals have a bad habit of keeping
their taps on throughout the brushing period. This certainly causes a significant loss of water.
Watering of lawns should take place only when absolutely necessary. Most noteworthy, many individuals have
a bad habit of watering their lawns twice a day. Moreover, watering should not take place on rainy seasons. In
winters, watering once in a fortnight is more than enough.
There should be a high focus on growing more drought-resistant trees and plants. Most noteworthy, many
beautiful plants and trees thrive without irrigation. This would certainly result in saving water.
Finally, there should be the implementation of strict laws for corporations and factories. Most noteworthy, these
laws should be regarding water usage. Furthermore, many factories use a ridiculously high amount of water.
Moreover, this huge amount of water is required for various types of’ processes. So, the government must make
laws. Also, these laws must clearly specify the maximum limit of water usage. Tough punishments should be
meted out in case of breach of law.
To sum it up, water is crucially essential for our planet Earth. Already significant damage has been to the
environment. Furthermore, humans have been quite reckless when it comes to the value of water. Hence, it is
high time that people realize the imminent danger of wasting water.

6. SOLUTIONS TO WATER
CRISIS
1. Charities
Donating to a charity will help in a small way; charities help people in rural areas get access to waters by
constructing wells, sanitation, and agricultural systems.
2. Funding
Governments could allocate more funding toward ending the water crisis; currently, the US government
donates $8 billion every year, $1 Trillion is needed to solve the problem in the long term.
3. Spreading the Message
Educate people better on the causes and effects of the water crisis, as well as what they can do to help. So
they, in turn, can teach others and raise awareness.
4. New Technologies
Incentivize innovation in the fields of water recycling, conservation, and consumption.
5. Improved Irrigation
Change the way we irrigate. Roughly 70% of the world’s freshwater is used to grow crops; we could
improve these practices to use much less water than we currently use.
Employing agricultural practices such as planting crops that require less water, setting up irrigation systems
without leakages, and developing farm-based water conservation structures is very important. This can aid in
the protection of forests and the development of horticulture.
6. Water Pricing
Research the true effects of water pricing. Experts are currently debating increasing the price of water to
reduce pollution, but that would take water even further out of reach by those experiencing poverty
7. Energy-efficient Desalination Plants
We need to start finding the means to make the current desalination plants more effective. By reducing the
energy required to run these plants, we will help millions of people worldwide.
8. Rainwater Harvesting
Areas with very little groundwater reserves can greatly improve the way they harvest rainwater by building
larger facilities and incorporating better technologies.

7. 9. Address Pollution
We, as a species, need to address the ever-growing challenge of pollution. Enough studies have been done
now; it’s time to take action and quickly, in order to save billions of lives.
10. Population Growth Control
Until we solve the water crisis, it may be beneficial to limit the expansion of the population. This will lead to
more accurate predictions of water needed for the next 100 years.
11. Climate change
Experts say that by decreasing the effects of global warming by pursuing cleaner energies, that will, in turn,
help with the water crises as we find new technologies to keep water safe and use less energy to do so.
12. Transfer of technologies
More developed countries who have a higher level of technological advancement can help out greatly by
sharing their advancement with developing countries.
13. Awareness
Increased awareness of citizens, particularly in urban areas, is crucial. Solving this crisis means that each
citizen must be aware of the crisis and take part in proper conservation, stopping water misuse, and
eliminating the usage of bottled water.
14. Water Conservation
Water conservation is absolutely necessary at the community level to reduce pressure from groundwater and
to supply water for human consumption. Thus, the development of community-level water harvesting
structures like water bodies is important.
15. Initiative of Statutory Bodies
Local governments can take part in water conversation by utilizing watershed development and monitoring
groundwater usage by farmers. It is important to encourage farmers at the district and state levels to choose
crops wisely, help to harvest water by using watersheds, and provide necessary mechanisms for the
protection and conservation of water bodies/ ponds, forests, groundwater, rivers and streams.
16. Water Policy
The development of formal water policy at the center and state level is crucial. This will provide guidance to
the administration and citizens for proper usage of surface water and groundwater. It is also necessary to
create management strategies for interstate and trans-boundary Rivers.

8. BENEFITS OF WATER
CONSERVATION
It minimizes the effects of drought and water shortages. Even though our need for fresh water sources is
always increasing because of population and industry growth, the supply we have stays constant. Even
though water eventually returns to Earth through the water cycle, it's not always returned to the same spot,
or in the same quantity and quality. By reducing the amount of water we use, we can better protect against
future drought years.
It guards against rising costs and political conflict. Failing to conserve water can eventually lead to a lack
of an adequate water supply, which can have drastic consequences. These include rising costs, reduced food
supplies, health hazards, and political conflict.
It helps to preserve our environment. Reducing our water usages reduces the energy required to process
and deliver it to homes, businesses, farms, and communities, which, in turn, helps to reduce pollution and
conserve fuel resources.
It makes water available for recreational purposes. It's not just swimming pools, spas, and golf courses
that we have to think about. Much of our freshwater resources are also used for beautifying our
surroundings—watering lawns, trees, flowers, and vegetable gardens, as well as washing cars and filling
public fountains at parks. Failing to conserve water now can mean losing out on such uses later on.
It builds safe and beautiful communities: Firefighters, hospitals, gas stations, street cleaners, health clubs,
gyms, and restaurants all require large amounts of water to provide services to the community. Reducing our
usage of water now means that these services can continue to be provided.
Water conservation requires forethought and effort, but every little bit helps. Don't think that what you do
does not matter. We can all make changes in our lifestyles to reduce our water usage. The trick is making
water conservation a way of life—not just something we think about once in a while.

9. CONCLUSION : SAVE WATER
It is few people who know that issue and how to what this problem can damage everybody live on
this earth. Some countries do some decision can help people to save the environment. "To create a
sustainable future, we need to reverse good pattern, seeking to provide sufficient water for all
people while protecting supplies and the environment for future generations”. Moreover, the world
specific water day to keep water consumptions and that" on 22 March was be designed as "World
Water Day"- the annual day to raise awareness of water supply issue around the globe". In contract,
save water issue not responsible some people but should all people cooperate and share to make and
save every drop of water for generations, And we must learn people how to water consumption
begin in the home than outside the home.

10. BIBLOGRAPHY
1. https://www.toppr.com/guides/essays/importance-of-water-
essay/#:~:text=Water%20is%20the%20basic%20necessity,life%20to%20function%20without%20water.
2. https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/causes-effects-solutions-to-critical-problem-of-water-crisis.php
3. https://environmentlbeautiful.weebly.com/conclusion--save-water.html
4. https://www.liveabout.com/conservation-efforts-why-should-we-save-water-3157877
5. https://www.shubhamacqualink.com/water-management/
6. https://www.sundayobserver.lk/2017/02/26/junior/importance-water