Satellites orbit planets due to a balance between gravitational and centrifugal forces. They move at high speeds, around 17,000 mph, to maintain stable orbits. Satellites can be polar, geosynchronous, or geostationary depending on their orbit and purpose. Polar satellites hover over the poles to monitor the entire planet, while geosynchronous/geostationary satellites remain fixed over one location to communicate with receivers below. Satellites have transmitters to send signals, receivers to receive signals, and transponders that handle communication functions.

1. How Do Satellites Work?

2. How Do Satellites Work?
Google Earth provides you the opportunity to visit any place
on Earth, yet what do most people do?
Look at their own house. In fact, Google Earth doesn’t just
show you high-resolution pictures;

3. What is a Satellite?
The word satellite doesn’t necessarily describe a mechanical box
floating through space with solar panels attached to either sides. In
more general terms, a satellite is any space-based object that orbits a
planet. For instance, the moon is a natural satellite, whereas satellites
launched to propagate communication and navigate are artificial, man-
made satellites.

4. Gravity
Its linear velocity pushes it outward, while gravity pulls it inward
towards the planet. The satellite eventually settles in an orbit when
these forces are balanced.

5. Speed
The velocity to keep a satellite in orbit is much higher, and is known as
the orbital speed, which is around 17,000 miles per hour.

6. Polar
Polar: These satellites hover over the poles and monitor the Earth while it rotates
continuously beneath them, so that eventually the entire Earth is subject to their
scrutiny, as they remain in the same place.
ध्रुवीय: ये उपग्रह डंडे पर घुमाते हैं और पृथ्वी पर नजर रखते हैं, जबकि यह उनिे नीचे लगातार घूमता है,
इसललए अंततः पूरे पृथ्वी उनिी जांच िे अधीन है, क्योंकि वे एि ही स्थान में रहते हैं।

7. Geostationary
Geosynchronous or Geostationary: These are attached to a particular location, as
their rotation is synchronized with the Earth’s rotation. These are used to monitor or
communicate with the receivers in a particular location.
भूक्रिया या भूस्तरण: इन्हें किसी ववशेष स्थान से जोडा जाता है, क्योंकि उनिा रोटेशन पृथ्वी
िे घूर्णन िे साथ लसंक्रनाइज़ है। ये एि ववशेष स्थान पर ररसीवर िे साथ ननगरानी या संचार
िरने िे ललए उपयोग किया जाता है।

8. Geostationary
Geosynchronous or Geostationary: These are attached to a particular location, as
their rotation is synchronized with the Earth’s rotation. These are used to monitor or
communicate with the receivers in a particular location.
भूक्रिया या भूस्तरण: इन्हें किसी ववशेष स्थान से जोडा जाता है, क्योंकि उनिा रोटेशन पृथ्वी
िे घूर्णन िे साथ लसंक्रनाइज़ है। ये एि ववशेष स्थान पर ररसीवर िे साथ ननगरानी या संचार
िरने िे ललए उपयोग किया जाता है।

9. Anatomy of a satellite
Geosynchronous or Geostationary: These are attached to a particular location, as
their rotation is synchronized with the Earth’s rotation. These are used to monitor or
communicate with the receivers in a particular location.
भूक्रिया या भूस्तरण: इन्हें किसी ववशेष स्थान से जोडा जाता है, क्योंकि उनिा रोटेशन पृथ्वी
िे घूर्णन िे साथ लसंक्रनाइज़ है। ये एि ववशेष स्थान पर ररसीवर िे साथ ननगरानी या संचार
िरने िे ललए उपयोग किया जाता है।

10. Communication
The circuits responsible for communication are known
as the satellite’s transponders. A satellite communicates
by either transmitting or receiving signals.

11. Transmitter
The transmitter is a combination of many individual
circuits.

12. Receiver
The receiver intercepts the transmitted EM wave and extracts the
information inside it to be used. The receiver consists of circuits that mirror a
transmitter’s individual circuits.
ररसीवर संचाररत ईएम लहर िो अवरुद्ध िरता है और इसिे अंदर उपयोग िी जाने वाली
जानिारी िो ननिालता है। ररसीवर में सकिण ट होते हैं जो ट्ांसमीटर िे व्यक्क्तगत सकिण ट िो
दपणर् िरते हैं।

13. Receiver
The receiver intercepts the transmitted EM wave and extracts the
information inside it to be used. The receiver consists of circuits that mirror a
transmitter’s individual circuits.
ररसीवर संचाररत ईएम लहर िो अवरुद्ध िरता है और इसिे अंदर उपयोग िी जाने वाली
जानिारी िो ननिालता है। ररसीवर में सकिण ट होते हैं जो ट्ांसमीटर िे व्यक्क्तगत सकिण ट िो
दपणर् िरते हैं।