This document provides an overview of SAP R/3 Basis technology including its client/server architecture, application architecture, and system communication methods. It describes the R/3 Basis system, technical architecture with topics on client/server overview, resource management, technical configurations, object migration, and the database client. Key aspects summarized include the three-tier computer hierarchy with presentation, application, and database layers, and the typical client/server architecture using a central or distributed system.

1. University of
Southern California
Enterprise Wide Information Systems
SAP R/3 Overview &
Basis Technology
Instructor: Richard W. Vawter

2. University of
Southern California
Topics
 The R/3 Basis System
 Client/Server Architecture
 Application Architecture
 System Communication
 Technical Architecture
 Client/Server Overview
 Resource Management
 Technical Configurations
 Object Migration
 The “Database” Client

3. University of
Southern California
SAP R/3 Basis System
Sales &
Distribution
Materials
Mgmt.
Production
Planning
Financial
Accounting
Controlling
Fixed Assets
Mgmt.
Quality
Mgmt.
Plant
Maintenance
Human
Resources
Workflow
Industry
Solutions
R/3
Client / Server
ABAP/4 Project
System
Logistical Financial

4. University of
Southern California
Basis System: Three-Tier Computer Hierarchy
Input / Output
of data to users
Access to Dataase:
(Read / Write data)
Central Database
(Storage of all data)
Database
Application
Presentation
Processing of data
using application logic
Presentation of the
processed data to
the user

5. University of
Southern California
Typical Basis Systems: Client Server Architecture
Central System
Two - tier
Distributed System
Two - tier
Client/Server
Three - tier
Client/Server
Multi-layer
Cooperative
Client/Server
(w/ release 4.0B)
Presentation Application Database

6. University of
Southern California
Basis System: Application Architecture
Windows 3.1, Windows 95, Windows NT, OSF/Motif,
Presentation Manager, Macintosh
ABAP/4, C, C++
DB2/400
OS/400
Windows ‘95
OS/2
IBM
AS/400
AT&T Data General SNI
Bull/Zenith HP Sequent
Compaq IBM Digital
ADABAS D, Oracle 7.1,
MS SQL Server 6.0
Windows NT
UNIX systems
Bull HP SNI
Digital IBM SUN
AIX SINIX
HP-UX SOLARIS
Digital UNIX
ADABAS D,
DB2, INFORMIX,
ORACLE 7.1
Hardware
Operating
Systems
Databases
Dialog
SAPGUI
Languages
Sold to party: C100
Item Material Qty
10 6301 10
20 6412 10
30 1507 25
O r d e r

7. University of
Southern California
R/3 Communication / Interfaces
Remote
Function Call
Electronic Data
Interchange
Program Interface
CommunicationObject Linking
and Embedding
Application
Link Enabling
Web
Interface

8. University of
Southern California
Topics
 The R/3 Basis System
 Client/Server Architecture
 Application Architecture
 System Communication
 Technical Architecture
 Client/Server Overview
 Resource Management
 Technical Configurations
 Object Migration
 The Client

9. University of
Southern California
Client/Server Overview
Client
Server
LAN
TCP / IP

10. University of
Southern California
Client/Server Overview (Logical Structure)
Presentation
Data Storage
Application
Logic
Client
Server

11. University of
Southern California
SAP R/3 Resource Management: The Dispatcher
Data base
Application
Presentation
BuffersWork
Process
Work
Process
Work
Process
Dispatcher
SAP GUI
Communications

12. University of
Southern California
SAP Memory BufferSAP Memory Buffer
Relational data base systemRelational data base system
SAP GUISAP GUI
SAP R/3 Resource Management: Data Flow
Data base
Application
Presentation
Work
Process
Dispatcher
Terminal
Process
Request queuesRequest queues
11
33
22
44
55
66
77
Roll
Page

13. University of
Southern California
SAP Dispatcher
SAP R/3 Resource Management: Work Processes
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30 31
1999
Background Jobs
Spool
Enqueue
Dialog Update
Message
Sold to party: C100
Item Material Qty
10 6301 10
20 6412 10
30 1507 25
O r d e r
Sold to party: C100
Item Material Qty
10 6301 10
20 6412 10
30 1507 25
O r d e r
Sold to party: C100
Item Material Qty
10 6301 10
20 6412 10
30 1507 25
O r d e r
Sold to party: C100
Item Material Qty
10 6301 10
20 6412 10
30 1507 25
O r d e r
M
Gateway
R/2
R/3
G
AA
BB
CC

14. University of
Southern California
SAP R/3 Resource Management:
Lock Management by the Enqueue Work Process
Work
Process
Update
Work
Process
Enqueue
Dispatcher
Work
Process
Update
Work
Process
Enqueue
Dispatcher
Lock table in
main storage
Message
Server
Instance A
Instance B

15. University of
Southern California
SAP R/3 Resource Management: R/3 Instance
Dialog . . . . Update Spool
Back-
ground
Enqueue
Dispatcher
Database
Instance
Database
Instance Message
Server
Message
Server
SAP
Gateway
SAP
Gateway
Instance Profiles
(parameters)
Instance Profiles
(parameters)
SAP BuffersSAP Buffers
Start
or
Stop
Start
or
Stop
Central Instance

16. University of
Southern California
SAP R/3 Resource Management:
Distributed SAP R/3 Processing
Dialog Update Enqueue Spool
Dispatcher
Mess-
age
Gate-
way
Instance 01
Enqueue Dialog . . .
Dispatcher
Instance 02
Dialog
Back-
ground
Enqueue
Dispatcher
Instance 03

17. University of
Southern California
Technical Configuration
Development Testing Production
Database
Servers
Application
Servers
Presentation
Servers

18. University of
Southern California
Technical Configuration: Example

19. University of
Southern California
Object Migration
Program A
Table A
Screen A
Program A
Table A
Screen A
Program A
Table A
Screen A
Development QA Testing Production
Corrections and Transport

20. University of
Southern California
Object Migration
Program A
Version 1
Program A
Version 1
Program A
Version 2
Program A
Version 2
Program A
Version 3
Program A
Version 3
Program A
Version 1
Program A
Version 1
Program A
Version 2
Program A
Version 2
Program A
Version 3
Program A
Version 3
Originals
Development QA Testing
Corrections
and
Transport
?
?

21. University of
Southern California
The Client
R/3
America
R/3
Europe
R/3
Japan
America Client 010America Client 010
Japan Client 030Japan Client 030
Europe Client 020Europe Client 020

22. University of
Southern California
Client Copies
Configuration
Development
Interface Testing
Quality Assurance
User Training