This document provides an overview of SAP Basis training. It discusses the SAP architecture including how transactions are processed, the different work processes, and basic Basis functions. The key points are:
1) When a user submits a transaction request, it is assigned to a work process by the dispatcher which fulfills the request by accessing the database and communicating with other servers.
2) Work processes include dialog, update, enqueue, batch, and spool processes that handle different transaction types and tasks like database changes.
3) Basis functions involve user administration, client maintenance, transporting changes, performance monitoring, and more administrative and support roles for the SAP system.
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SAP online training services by Keylabs covers all SAP Technical Modules and SAP Functional Modules. Instructor led SAP online training is offered for students from USA and other nations. SAP BASIS Training, SAP Netweaver Training, SAP Security Training and SAP GRC Training are provided through instructor led classroom training at Hyderabad and Bangalore in India. The trainers providing SAP Online Training and SAP Classroom Training are SAP Certified Consultants.
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SAP online training services by Keylabs covers all SAP Technical Modules and SAP Functional Modules. Instructor led SAP online training is offered for students from USA and other nations. SAP BASIS Training, SAP Netweaver Training, SAP Security Training and SAP GRC Training are provided through instructor led classroom training at Hyderabad and Bangalore in India. The trainers providing SAP Online Training and SAP Classroom Training are SAP Certified Consultants.
Interconnect session 1888: Rational Team Concert Process Customization: What ...Rosa Naranjo
Process customization, especially around work items, has always been a major hotspot in Rational Team Concert (RTC) adoption. Experience also shows that a lot of the requirements in process customization are driven by process problems and the desire to avoid having to fix the process by customizing the tools instead. This presentation shows the process customization capabilities available in RTC. It also shows examples for requirements that are hard or impossible to implement in RTC and it shows requirements that might indicate that you should consider fixing the process rather than the tool.
Presented at the 2010 Electronic Resources & Libraries Conference. --
Abigail Bordeaux, Harvard University --
Abstract: Harvard University migrated from a local electronic resource management system to a vended ERMS in July 2009. This presentation will discuss Harvard's implementation of the new system. factors that led to a successful conclusion, and ongoing work to improve and extend use of the system.
Interconnect session 1888: Rational Team Concert Process Customization: What ...Rosa Naranjo
Process customization, especially around work items, has always been a major hotspot in Rational Team Concert (RTC) adoption. Experience also shows that a lot of the requirements in process customization are driven by process problems and the desire to avoid having to fix the process by customizing the tools instead. This presentation shows the process customization capabilities available in RTC. It also shows examples for requirements that are hard or impossible to implement in RTC and it shows requirements that might indicate that you should consider fixing the process rather than the tool.
Presented at the 2010 Electronic Resources & Libraries Conference. --
Abigail Bordeaux, Harvard University --
Abstract: Harvard University migrated from a local electronic resource management system to a vended ERMS in July 2009. This presentation will discuss Harvard's implementation of the new system. factors that led to a successful conclusion, and ongoing work to improve and extend use of the system.
Prepare for your interview with these important SAP BASIS Practice Exam questions. For more IT Profiles, Sample Resumes, Practice exams, Interview Questions, Live Training and more…visit ITLearnMore – Most Trusted Website for all Learning Needs by Students, Graduates and Working Professionals.
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SAP Basis Training Material | www.sapdocs.infosapdocs. info
You can download this material from http://sapdocs.info/sap/basis/download-sap-basis-training-material-pdf-book/
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SAP Transport System; Step-by-step guide from concept to practicalNasir Gondal
This guide is very helpful for SAP learners. I have tried to demonstrate all TMS step by step.
I hope this will help you in learning, understanding and practicing TMS.
(Nasir Gondal)
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We provide ABAP online training, GRC 10 training, HANA online training, GRC online training, SAP Security training, SAP BASIS Online training, HANA Admin online training. Keylabs has SAP Certified consultants to provide SAP online Training on SAP All modules. Contact: US: +1-908-366-7933 , India: +91-9550645679 , info@keylabstraining.com, Skype :keylabstraining
iSeries Modernization: RPG/400 to Java Migrationecubemarketing
eCube provides modernization, integration, replatforming and web-facing solutions that will extend the ROI of your RPG application. Learn more about eCube's transformation process for legacy RPG applications. http://ecubesystems.com/iseries.html
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Mastering SAP Monitoring - Workload MonitoringLinh Nguyen
Part 3 of Mastering SAP Monitoring series http://www.itconductor.com/blog/mastering-sap-monitoring-without-sap-ccms-or-solman explains what Workloads are in relation to SAP.
New generation of IT infrastructure are normally built with elasticity to scale on demand, so workload is very important to understand how busy a system is. Whether the Performance of the workload is meeting Service Level Objectives, how Capacity and configuration may impact performance, as well as when triggers should occur for automation of capacity management.
Benefits:
1). Service monitoring of applications, users, transactions, business processes
2). End-user experience management
Audience: SAP Basis Administrator, SAP DBA, IT operations and managers of SAP ecosystems.
Dariusz Szybowski, Aspediens Director of Technology, held this presentation at the Knowledge11, ServiceNow’s user conference taking place in Frankfurt. He discussed cases that we have achieved to date on how to integrate with SAP solution manager.
R12.2 is no more a new kid on the block. With its latest release of 12.2.4, it is much more stable and user adoption is increasing day-by-day. Upgrading to R12.2 is on the road map of nearly all Oracle E-business Suite customers and many organizations have already started planning their upgrades. In this session we provide 10 quick tips to consider while you plan this R12.2.4 upgrade.
AEP provides a range of options for developing web applications. Understanding these options, their strengths and the decision making process involved in choosing the right strategy is key to leveraging the power of the platform and ensuring you achieve your goals and do so on schedule. From simple reporting protocols developed exclusively using Pipeline Pilot through to Rich Internet Applications built using JavaScript and ExtJS, we'll take a look at the work involved, required skillsets and time considerations to ensure you make the right choice for your project.
Synchronizing data with ERP systems like SAP has historically been very difficult. Learn about real-world use cases for connecting Ignition to SAP and other ERP systems and show how the new Business Connector Suite from Sepasoft drastically lowers the barrier to entry.
Experts from Inductive Automation, Sepasoft, and 4IR Solutions cover how to optimize communications between SAP and the Ignition platform, the latter of which is used by thousands of companies worldwide for SCADA, HMI, MES, IIoT, and more.
Demystifying SAP Connectivity to IgnitionDavid Dudley
In this presentation from Inductive Automation, Sepasoft, and 4IR Solutions, learn about how to optimize communications between SAP ERP software and the Ignition platform, the latter of which is used by thousands of companies worldwide for SCADA, HMI, MES, IIoT, and more.
Sap hcm online training by real time trainer in usa ,uk,mumbaimagnifics
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SAP HCM Online Training Course Contents :
Introduction to SAP
Introduction to ERP
Overview of SAP
SAP-HCM Module at a glance
Organizational Management
Organizational Structure (Simple Maintenance & Expert Mode)
Objects, Additional Object Types ,Task Description/Department/Staff
Plan Versions ,Org Management Infotypes
Account assignment features, Structure Maintenance
Configure Positions, Jobs, Cost Center Assignment, Reporting Relationships
Personnel Administration
Enterprise Structure & Personnel Structure
Personnel Area, Personnel Sub Area, Employee Group, Employee Sub Group
Assignment of ES & PS
Personnel Action , Hiring , Employee Master Data
PA Infotypes Maintenance , Dynamic Actions
Recruitment
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SAP HCM Online Training Course Contents :
Introduction to SAP
Introduction to ERP
Overview of SAP
SAP-HCM Module at a glance
Organizational Management
Organizational Structure (Simple Maintenance & Expert Mode)
Objects, Additional Object Types ,Task Description/Department/Staff
Plan Versions ,Org Management Infotypes
Account assignment features, Structure Maintenance
Configure Positions, Jobs, Cost Center Assignment, Reporting Relationships
Personnel Administration
Enterprise Structure & Personnel Structure
Personnel Area, Personnel Sub Area, Employee Group, Employee Sub Group
Assignment of ES & PS
Personnel Action , Hiring , Employee Master Data
PA Infotypes Maintenance , Dynamic Actions
Recruitment
Recruitment Medium & Instruments, Applicant Master Data
Applicant Actions, Applicant Activity
Transfer Applicant Data to Employee Master Data
Report Generation, Recruitment Infotype Maintenance
Time Management
Overview of the financial architecture in oracle e business suite release 12magnifics
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Oracle Apps Finance Functional R12 Online Training Course Details
Oracle Apps R12 Summary Course Content
Payables (AP)
Receivables (AR)
General Ledger (GL)
Fixed Assets (FA)
Cash Management (CE)
Multi Org Access Control (MOAC)
Sub Ledger Accounting (SLA)
R12 Detailed Course Content:
Basic Concepts of R12
Architectural Overview – System Administration
UI Navigation changes in R12 Vs 11i
Flex fields
Access and Controls
Functional overview of Products
Concepts of LE/OU/Chart of Accounts
Differences between R11 Vs 11i-sneek peek review
Creation of Users and assignment of Responsibilities
Profile Options and security controls
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Overview of SOA and SCA Concepts
Describing Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA)
Reviewing of Services and key standards
Describing Event Driven Architecture (EDA)
Discussing the course application and environment
Service Design
Describing basics of XML, XSD, XSLT and WSDL
Defining service interfaces with WSDL
Defining message structure with XML Schema (XSD)
Discussing types of Service Access and Implementation
Defining message exchange patterns over network SOAP
Designing Composite Applications with Oracle
SOA Suite 11g
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Oracle 11g ADF Online Training Course Content
Oracle 11g ADF Online Training
Introduction to Fusion and ADF
Oracle ADF and JDeveloper
Oracle Fusion Middleware
Oracle Fusion Architecture
ADF and MVC
More about ADF
Exploring JDeveloper
JDeveloper 11g New Features
Building ADF Application in JDeveloper
Configuring JDeveloper Preferences
Database Schema Design
JDeveloper 11g New Features
Database Designing Tools in JDeveloper
Creating Offline Objects
Synchronize Online-Offline Database
Data Modeling with ADF Business Components
JAdvantages of ADF BC
JADF BC Categories
JCreating ADF Business Components
JBusiness Component Browser
Entity Objects and Associations
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Getting Started with Oracle ADF
Getting Started with Oracle ADF
Why Oracle ADF?
Oracle ADF architecture
Developing with ADF
Your first Fusion web application
Introduction to ADF Business Components
Business service layer
Overview of ADF Business Components
Building a simple business service
Oracle ADF Model Tester
Using the ADF Model Tester to test the CRUD
operations on business data
Understanding the runtime behavior of ADF Business Components
Introducing Entity Object
Introduction
Ingredients of an entity object
Core features of ADF entity objects
Developing entity objects
Developing entity objects
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Getting Started with Oracle ADF
Getting Started with Oracle ADF
Why Oracle ADF?
Oracle ADF architecture
Developing with ADF
Your first Fusion web application
Introduction to ADF Business Components
Business service layer
Overview of ADF Business Components
Building a simple business service
Oracle ADF Model Tester
Using the ADF Model Tester to test the CRUD
operations on business data
Understanding the runtime behavior of ADF Business Components
Introducing Entity Object
Introduction
Ingredients of an entity object
Core features of ADF entity objects
Developing entity objects
Developing entity objects
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Oracle Apps Technical Online Training Concepts :
Introduction to ERP
1.Definition of ERP, Overview of popular ERP’S
2.Comparison of Oracle Apps with other ERP’S
3.Types of Roles
4.Types of Projects
5.AIM documentation standards
6.Oracle Application Architecture.
7.Database structure of OA
8.Using TOAD
Application Object Library
1.Creating Users
2.WHO columns
3.Creating Responsibilities
4.Menu construction
5.Request group construction
Application development
1.Defining concurrent program
2.Concurrent programs with parameters
3.Working with multiple concurrent programs
4.Scheduling the Concurrent Program
5.Concurrent Program incompatibilities
6.Creating Request Set
7.Procedure registration
8.Value sets
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Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
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Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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Sap basis training demo basis online training in usa,uk and india
1. SAP Basis Training Demo- BASIS
Online Training In Usa,Uk and India
Online | classroom| Corporate
Training | certifications | placements| support
CONTACT US:
MAGNIFIC TRAINING
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2. SAP Technical Overview
Learning Objectives
• What the Basis system is
• How does SAP handle a transaction
request
• Differentiating between the various work
processes
• Understanding the basic functions of the
Basis Module
4. SAP Technical Overview
The SAP R/3 System Architecture
• Implications for Application Programming
– Separate presentation and application layers implies that
when you run an application program that requires user
interaction, control of the program is continually passed
backwards and forwards between layers.
– When a screen is ready for user input, the presentation
layer is active, and the application server is inactive with
regard to that particular program.
– As a consequence, the program logic in an application
program that occurs between two screens is known as a
DIALOG STEP.
6. SAP Technical Overview
• Application Layer (cont.)
– Application Server
• R/3 programs run on application servers
• The APPLICATION SERVER communicate
with the presentation components, the
database, and also with each other, using a
MESSAGE SERVER.
• Main components:
–Work Processes (Dialog, Update, Enqueue,
Batch, Spool)
–Dispatcher
–Gateway
–Message Server
The SAP R/3 System Architecture
8. SAP Technical Overview
Application Server
Presentation . . . Internet
Application
Database
Communication
SAPGUISAPGUI InternetOffice
Work-Work-
processprocess
Work-Work-
processprocess
Work-Work-
processprocess
DispatcherDispatcher
TCP/IP
Remote SQL
IPCIPC
Local BufferLocal Buffer
for R/3 Data,for R/3 Data,
DW-Objects,DW-Objects,
ABAP-ObjectsABAP-Objects
9. SAP Technical Overview
Dispatcher
• Program which manages resources of the
R/3 applications
• Receives requests from user and passes
them to the corresponding work
processes
• Only one dispatcher per application
server
10. SAP Technical Overview
Dispatcher Tasks
• Balances the workload between the
processes
• Buffer management in main memory
• Connection with the presentation level
• Organization of the communication
processes
11. SAP Technical Overview
Work Process
• Responsible for executing R/3 application
tasks
Database
Interface
Task Handler
ABAP/4
Processor
Dialog
Interpreter
Work Process
12. SAP Technical Overview
Different Kind of Work Processes for different
Tasks
Dialog
D
SAP DispatcherSAP DispatcherBatch
Spool
Update
Enqueue
S
12
9
6
3
11 1
7 5
8 4
210
B
M
G
Message
Gateway
R/2 R/3
V
E
13. SAP Technical Overview
Dialog Work Processes
Dialog
D
• Responsible for the interactive
tasks of the R/3 system
• Dialog work processes execute
only one dialog step at a time
and are immediately freed for
the next user request
• Constantly switching between
users
14. SAP Technical Overview
Background Work Processes
• Responsible for executing
ABAP programs submitted
for background execution
• Batch jobs schedule the
sequence of program
execution
• Used for running long and
time consuming programs
Batch
12
9
6
3
11 1
7 5
8 4
210
B
15. SAP Technical Overview
Spool Work Processes
• Responsible for formatting
the data for printing and
passing it to the host spool
system
• Only one spool work process
allowed per server
Spool
16. SAP Technical Overview
Enqueue Work Processes
• Responsible for the lock
management system
• Synchronizes database access for
the multiple application servers
and work processes
• Only one enqueue process per R/3
system to ensure data integrity
Enqueue
E
17. SAP Technical Overview
Update Work Processes
• Responsible for making
database changes requested
by dialog and background
processes
• For better performance, this
process should be on the
database server
Update
V
18. SAP Technical Overview
V1 vs. V2 Update Processes
• Time-critical processes are
inside V1 and less critical
ones within V2
• Error situations in
– V1 : changes rolled back and
V2 components not executed
– V2 : only changes of V2
components rolled back
Update
V
19. SAP Technical Overview
Message Server
• Used by different application
servers to exchange data and
internal messages
• Routes messages, such as
update or batch job starts,
between application servers
• One message server per
system
M
Message
20. SAP Technical Overview
Gateway Server
• Allows communication
between R/3, R/2, and
external applications
• Exchanges large amounts of
information between
application servers
• Gateway can reside on any of
the connected systems
G
Gateway
R/2 R/3
21. SAP Technical Overview
Work Processes
• Number of work processes can only be
changed after restarting the system
• Should have at least two dialog work
processes
• Need to have at least one V1 and V2
processes
• Number of spool processes cannot be
changed
22. SAP Technical Overview
Application Server
Presentation . . . Internet
Application
Database
Communication
SAPGUISAPGUI InternetOffice
Work-Work-
processprocess
Work-Work-
processprocess
Work-Work-
processprocess
DispatcherDispatcher
TCP/I
P
Remote SQL
IPCIPC
Local BufferLocal Buffer
for R/3 Data,for R/3 Data,
DW-Objects,DW-Objects,
ABAP-ObjectsABAP-Objects
23. SAP Technical Overview
TCP/I
P
Processing of a SAP Transaction (1)
Presentation . . . Internet
Application
Database
Communication
SAPGUI
Work-Work-
processprocess
Work-Work-
processprocess
Work-Work-
processprocess
DispatcherDispatcher
Remote SQL
IPCIPC
Local BufferLocal Buffer
for R/3 Data,for R/3 Data,
DW-Objects,DW-Objects,
ABAP-ObjectsABAP-Objects
StartStart
TransactionTransaction
Assign UserAssign User
request torequest to
WorkprocessWorkprocess
Fetch data fromFetch data from bufferbuffer/database/database
Re-Re-
turnturn
datadata
forfor
nextnext
stepstep
11
22
33
44
55
24. SAP Technical Overview
Processing of a SAP Transaction
(2)Presentation . . . Internet
Application
Database
Communication
SAPGUI
Work-Work-
processprocess
Work-Work-
processprocess
Work-Work-
processprocess
DispatcherDispatcher
TCP/IP
Remote SQL
IPCIPC
Local BufferLocal Buffer
for R/3 Data,for R/3 Data,
DW-Objects,DW-Objects,
ABAP-ObjectsABAP-Objects
11
22
33
55
66
88
Fetch data fromFetch data from
buffer/buffer/databasedatabase
99
77
1010
Assign UserAssign User
request torequest to
WorkprocessWorkprocess
Re-Re-
turnturn
datadata
forfor
nextnext
stepstep
25. SAP Technical Overview
Processing of a SAP Transaction (3)
Presentation . . . Internet
Application
Database
Communication
SAPGUI
Work-Work-
processprocess
Work-Work-
processprocess
Work-Work-
processprocess
DispatcherDispatcher
TCP/IP
Remote SQL
IPCIPC
Local BufferLocal Buffer
for R/3 Data,for R/3 Data,
DW-Objects,DW-Objects,
ABAP-ObjectsABAP-Objects
11
22
33
44
55
66
88
99
77
1010
1111
1212
1313 1414
Update dataUpdate data
on databaseon database
End transactionEnd transaction
RequestRequest
for updatefor update
26. SAP Technical Overview
SAP Communication Interfaces
High
Level
Low
level
SAP Technology
Communication Interface
Communication System
Mail
MAPI
SMTP
X.400
Mail
MAPI
SMTP
X.400
EDIEDI
Business APIBusiness API
RFCRFC
CPI-CCPI-C
Q-APIQ-API
IDOCIDOC
ALEALE
OLEOLE
27. SAP Technical Overview
Business Framework
Business
Component
BAPIBAPI
ALE
BAPIBAPI
Business
Component
• Business Component - contains business
functionality
• BAPI - interface between the components
• ALE - integration of components
28. SAP Technical Overview
Business API (BAPI)
• Defined method of a business object
• Standardized methods allow customers
to integrate their software with R/3
• Object-oriented in nature
• BAPIs from all development platforms
that support the SAP Remote Function
Call (RFC) protocol
29. SAP Technical Overview
Other Interfaces
• Application Link Enabled (ALE) - Interface
that links different SAP systems and
external application systems
– Transport special data structures known as
IDOCS (Intermediate Documents)
• Object Linking and Enabled (OLE) -
enables desktop users to access SAP data
from many OLE client programs
31. SAP Technical Overview
Basis Functions
• Hardware and Database Administration
• User and Security Administration
• Client Maintenance
• Correction and Transport System (CTS)
• Data Dictionary
• Online Service System (OSS)
• Performance Monitoring and Tuning
32. SAP Technical Overview
Hardware and Database
Administration
• Hardware upgrades - adding memory or
servers
• Database backup and recovery
• Database optimization
• Disaster Recovery
33. SAP Technical Overview
User Administration
• Create users and assign profiles
• Modify, lock and unlock users
• Develop authorizations and profiles
34. SAP Technical Overview
Client Maintenance
• Create clients
• Copy and refresh clients
• Client imports and exports
• Delete and remove clients
• Modify change options
35. SAP Technical Overview
Correction and Transport System
R/3
System
R/3
System
R/3
System
Development ProductionQuality
Assurance
Change
Request
Moving changes from one R/3 system to another
36. SAP Technical Overview
Online Service System (OSS)
• OSS is a set of SAP’s online services such
as bug fixes and useful implementation
information
• OSS Notes
• Hotpacks
• Remote Connections
• Send questions to SAP
• ABAP registration
37. SAP Technical Overview
Performance Monitoring and
Tuning
• Check database usage and storage
capabilities
• Dialog response time
• Investigate ABAP short dumps
• Optimize performance characteristics
38. SAP Technical Overview
Computer Center Management
System (CCMS)
• Manages the entire system - database,
application, operating system
• Collection of tools and utilities which allow
you to monitor and manage the R/3 system
• Allows monitoring of multiple R/3 systems
• Comes FREE with each SAP system
39. SAP Technical Overview
Computer Center Management
System (CCMS) functions
• Starting and stopping instances
• Monitoring and analyzing workload
• Alert capabilities
• Operation modes and work process automatic
reconfiguration
• Instance profile checking and maintenance
• Logon load balancing
41. Should you require any further
information please do not hesitate to
contact us
• http://www.saponlinetrainings.net
• -sap basis online training
contact us:
• info@magnifictraining.com or +919052666559
• By Real Time Experts from Hyderabad,
• Bangalore
• ,India,USA,Canada,UK, Australia,South
• Africa.
This slide depicts how an application server works. Users make requests at the presentation layer and through TCP/IP these requests get sent to the application server. The dispatcher then takes the requests and assign them to work processes which handle the requests. More detailed explanations are on the following slides.
The dispatcher is a program which manages the resources of the R/3 applications. They are very similar to a police dispatcher who receives requests via 911 and routes it to available officers who are in the area.
The dispatcher receives requests from the many users on the system and passes them along to the corresponding work processes which are free. It also manages the information flow between the app server and the SAPGUI.
Each app server has only one dispatcher because it could get kind of difficult for two dispatchers to route requests to the work processes.
The dispatcher is responsible for balancing the workload between the work processes so that processes don’t sit idle.
Memory management is also one of its duties. The dispatcher must also organize the communication between the work processes and also between the SAPGUI and app server.
Work processes are the actual programs which execute tasks. They update the database, run batch programs, and send messages. Work processes are comprised of a task handler, an ABAP/4 processor, dialog interpreter and database interface.
They execute dialog steps for a user and typically only do the work of displaying one screen at a time. In other words, work processes present one screen of data, and are immediately freed to handle other tasks. The next screen is then handled by the next available work process.
The task handler coordinates the activities of the work process. The database interface allows for the work process to directly access the database. The dialog interpreter is used to coordinate presentation information and the ABAP/4 processor is useful when running programs.
There are seven different types of work processes which will be described in detail in the following slides. The five work processes in the middle around the dispatcher are the main work processes in use in the application servers. The two work processes on the outside are used for communication methods within the systems.
The dialog work process is typically the most common work process. It handles all the interactive requests of the R/3 system. Any time a user sends a request the dialog work process plays a part in the work. Dialog work processes handle just one dialog step and are immediately freed to handle other requests. So these work processes are constantly switching between users. This limits the number of dialog work processes, as you would need the same number of work processes as users otherwise.
Background work processes execute long running and CPU intensive programs which are required to be run. Some examples include client copies and long listing reports.
Background jobs can also be set to run at specific times.
In charge of formatting data for printing and sending it to the host spool system. Only one spool work process per host.
In order to ensure the integrity of the database, the enqueue work process is responsible for the lock management system. There is only one enqueue work process per system as it synchronizes the data access for multiple application servers and work processes. When a work process is accessing data for possible manipulation it is locked so that other work processes cannot access the data until it is released.
Update work processes actually manipulate the database, so they would be better served to be on the actual database server. They make all the changes to the database within the R/3 system.
SAP makes distinctions between the V1 and V2 component. V1 contains the time critical processes that require immediate updating whereas V2 processes are less critical. During updates there can be a combination of V1 and V2 updates.
When errors occur during the V1 update, all changes are rolled back and any subsequent V2 components are not executed. Errors occurring the the V2 phase requires that only changes in the V2 component be rolled back.
This single message server per system sends messages between the various application servers. Messages include update or batch job starts. The communication is setup through the dispatchers and is used for small internal messages.
Gateways connect the R/3 system to other systems such as R/2 or other external systems. They facilitate the transfer of large amounts of data through the use of TCP/IP.
In order to change the number of work processes, you must change the system profile and restart the system.
A system should have at least two dialog work processes at all times to ensure correct usage. In case something is wrong, an administrator would need to be able to interactively log on to the system.
You need to have at least one V1 and V2 work processes in order to make updates.
Back to our picture.
The following outlines the course of events for an application:
1) The user sends a request to the app server.
2) The dispatcher receives the request and assigns it to a work process.
3) The work process looks in its buffer for the requested data.
4) It finds the data and once it finishes handling the request it sends the result back to the dispatcher.
5) The dispatcher formats the results and sends it back to the SAPGUI.
6) The user makes another request of the system.
7) The dispatcher receives the request and assigns it to a work process
8) The work process retrieves data from the buffer or the database
9) The work process handles the request by interacting with the database and sends it back to the dispatcher
10) The dispatcher sends the data back to the user
11) Say the user requests an update. A request is sent to the dispatcher.
12) The dispatcher sends the request to the work process.
13) The work process makes the change to the database
14) The transaction ends.
This slide shows the various communication interfaces in the R/3 system. The ones closer to the top are the ones which implementers are most likely to work directly with. The ones at the bottom are more of internal SAP communication interfaces.
The Business Framework - the open, component-based architecture, which allows software components from SAP and third parties to interact and integrate with each other, is gaining more and more momentum.
Business Components cover a broad range of business data and processes. Examples include customer order management, purchase requisitions, and invoices.
Business API (BAPI) are methods which allow interfacing between the various business componenets.
ALE - provides an interface between the various components
BAPI’s are merely methods within Business components. They allow outside applications to access those Business componenets. They are standardized methods which allow integration. It’s also object oriented in nature.
Here are some of the most important functions of Basis personnel.
Some of the responsibilities of Basis personnel include the maintenance and upkeep of the hardware and database as other typical system administrators do. Typically, sizing, upgrading, backup and recovering are some of the issues that are dealt with.
One of the big tasks of Basis personnel is User Administration. Users must be made and assigned the correct profiles so that they can do their job and not have any extra access to other transactions that they should not be able to view.
Client maintenance involves the creating of clients and running client copies and refreshes.
Client exports and imports occurs when you wish to take a client from one system and move it to another. Exports make a file at the operating system level, which can then be imported into the target system.
When clients are obsolete, they must be deleted in order to be more efficient with memory.
CTS is the notion of moving changes from one system to another. In the typical Development-Testing-Production environment, CTS is the mechanism of moving changes and modifications through the systems.
OSS is SAP’s online service system, which contains known problem, bug fixes, and news. It’s a great source of information to find answers to your problems, and even affords you the opportunity to send SAP questions that have stumped you. OSS also plays a role in ABAP development, as all ABAP programmers must be registered through OSS.