Sap Abap Reports

Created by Pavan Page 1 of 107
Mail: Praveen.srrec@gmail.com
Reports:
In ABAP, there are total of 7 types of reports. They are:
• Classical
• Interactive
• Logical Database
• ABAP query
• ALV Reports (ALV stands for ABAP List Viewer)
• Report Writer/Report Painter
• Views (There are different types of views also)
Classical Reports
These are the simplest reports. Programmers learn this one first. It is just an output
of data using the Write statement inside a loop.
• Classical reports are normal reports. These reports are not having any sub
reports. IT IS HAVING ONLY ONE SCREEN/LIST FOR OUTPUT.
Events In Classical Reports.
• INTIALIZATION: This event triggers before selection screen display.
• AT-SELECTION-SCREEN: This event triggers after processing user input
still selection screen is in active mode.
• START OF SELECTION: Start of selection screen triggers after processing
selection screen.
END-OF-SELECTION: It is for Logical Database Reporting.
Event blocks are introduced by an event keyword. They end when the next
processing block begins. The following processing block can either be an event
block or another processing block allowed in this context – for example, a
subroutine or a dialog module. Event keywords have the same name as the events
to which they react.

Syntax:
DATA:...
INITIALIZATION.
...
AT SELECTION-SCREEN.
...
START-OF-SELECTION.
...
GET spfli...
..
...
END-OF-SELECTION.
...
FORM...
...
ENDFORM.
The sequence in which the processing blocks occur in the program is irrelevant.
The actual processing sequence is determined by the external events. However, to
make your programs easier to understand, you should include the event blocks in
your program in approximately the same order in which they will be called by the
system. Subroutines should be placed at the end of the program.
With only two exceptions (AT SELECTION-SCREEN and GET), event blocks
have no local data area. All declarative statements in event blocks are handled
with the global data declarations in the program. You should therefore include all
of your declarations at the start of the program.
Statements that are not assigned to a processing block are never executed. In
executable programs, all non-declarative statements between the REPORT or
PROGRAM statement and the first processing block are assigned to the default
event START-OF-SELECTION. if a program does not contain an explicit

START-OF-SELECTION event block, these statements form the entire
START-OF-SELECTION block. If a program contains an explicitly defined
START-OF-SELECTION event block, these statements are inserted at the
beginning of this event block. If a program does not contain any explicit event
blocks, all non-declarative statements form the processing block START-OF-
SELECTION.
In ABAP Editor initial
screen give your program
name and then press F5 or
click on Create

Fill all the attributes &
then save it

Here Goes your coding check for
inconsistencies and then activate it

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report ZCLASSICAL *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT ZCLASSICAL .
TABLES: vbak,vbap.
DATA: v_flag TYPE i.
******INTERNAL TABLE USED TO HOLD DATA TEMPORARILY
DATA: BEGIN OF it_salesorder OCCURS 0,
kunnr LIKE vbak-kunnr, " Sold To Party.
vbeln LIKE vbak-vbeln, " Sales Document Number.
posnr LIKE vbap-posnr, " Sales Document Item.
matnr LIKE vbap-matnr, " Material Number.
bstnk LIKE vbak-bstnk, " Customer purchase order number.
bstdk LIKE vbak-bstdk, " Customer purchase order date.
kwmeng LIKE vbap-kwmeng, " Cumulative order quantity.
netpr LIKE vbap-netpr, " Net price.
netwr LIKE vbap-netwr, " Net value of the order item.
END OF it_salesorder.
***********INPUT THE DATA USING SELECT OPTIONS
SELECT-OPTIONS: s_kunnr FOR vbak-kunnr, " Sold To Party.
s_vbeln FOR vbak-vbeln. " Sales Document Number.
**********INITIALIZATION
INITIALIZATION.
PERFORM initialization.
*********FETCH THE DATA FROM TABLES AND PLACE THEM IN INTERNAL TABLE
START-OF-SELECTION.
PERFORM fetch_data.
**********DISPLAYING THE DATA FROM INTERNAL TABLE
END-OF-SELECTION.
**********PAGE HEADINGS
PERFORM Page_headings.
PERFORM display_data.
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form initialization
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM initialization .

s_kunnr-sign = 'I'.
s_kunnr-option = 'BT'.
s_kunnr-low = '1033'.
s_kunnr-high = '1390'.
APPEND s_kunnr.
s_vbeln-sign = 'I'.
s_vbeln-option = 'BT'.
s_vbeln-low = '4969'.
s_vbeln-high = '5000'.
APPEND s_vbeln.
ENDFORM. " initialization
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form fetch_data
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM fetch_data .
REFRESH it_salesorder.
CLEAR it_salesorder.
SELECT kunnr
vbak~vbeln
posnr
matnr
bstnk
bstdk
kwmeng
netpr
vbap~netwr
FROM vbak
INNER JOIN vbap ON vbak~vbeln = vbap~vbeln
INTO TABLE IT_SALESORDER
WHERE kunnr IN s_kunnr
AND vbak~vbeln IN s_vbeln.
ENDFORM. " fetch_data
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form display_data
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM display_data .
SORT it_salesorder BY kunnr vbeln.
LOOP AT it_salesorder.
AT NEW vbeln.
format color 3 on. " COLOR START
WRITE: / 'CUSTOMER:',it_salesorder-kunnr.
format reset. "COLOR END
ULINE.
format color 4 on inverse on. "COLOR START

WRITE:/ 'VBELN', "COLOR END
20 'POSNR',
35 'MATNR',
50 'BSTNK',
70 'BSTDK',
85 'KWMENG',
106 'NETPR',
121 'NETWR'.
format reset.
format color 4 on.
WRITE: / it_salesorder-vbeln.
format reset.
ENDAT.
format color 5 on inverse on.
WRITE: /20 it_salesorder-posnr,
35 it_salesorder-matnr,
50 it_salesorder-bstnk,
70 it_salesorder-bstdk,
85 it_salesorder-kwmeng LEFT-JUSTIFIED,
101 it_salesorder-netpr,
109 it_salesorder-netwr.
format reset.
AT END OF vbeln.
SKIP 2.
ENDAT.
ENDLOOP.
ENDFORM. " display_data
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Form page_headings
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
* text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
* --> p1 text
* <-- p2 text
*----------------------------------------------------------------------*
FORM page_headings .
format color 7 on inverse on.
WRITE:/40 'SALES ORDER DOCUMENT FOR A GIVEN CUSTOMER'.
SKIP.
WRITE:/ 'DATE:',sy-datum, 100 'TIME:',sy-uzeit.
format reset.
SKIP 2.
ENDFORM. " page_headings

Interactive Reports:
In simple Interactive reports are nothing but which were user interface the name
itself signifies that it interacts with the users
A classical non-interactive report consists of one program that creates a single list.
Instead of one extensive and detailed list, with interactive reporting you create
basic list from which the user can call detailed information by positioning the
cursor and entering commands. Interactive reporting thus reduces information
retrieval to the data actually required.
Uses of interactive reporting:
The user can actively control data retrieval and display during the session. Instead
of an extensive and detailed list, you create a basic list with condensed information
from which the user can switch to detailed displays by positioning the cursor and
entering commands. The detailed information appears in secondary lists.
Secondary list:
It allows you to enhance the information presented in the basic list. The user can,
for example, select a line of the basic list for which he wants to see more detailed
information. You display these details on a secondary list. Secondary lists may
either overlay the basic list completely or you can display them in an extra
window on the screen. The secondary lists can themselves be interactive again.
To prevent the user from selecting invalid lines, ABAP/4 offers several
possibilities. At the end of the processing block END-OF-SELECTION, delete the
contents of one or more fields you previously stored for valid lines using the HIDE
statement. At the event AT LINE-SELECTION, check whether the work area is
initial or whether the HIDE statement stored field contents there. After processing
the secondary list, clear the work area again. This prevents the user from trying to
create further secondary lists from the secondary list displayed.

System fields for secondary lists:
SY-LSIND Index of the list created during the current event (basic list = 0)
SY-LISTI Index of the list level from which the event was triggered.
SY-LILLI Absolute number of the line from which the event was triggered.
SY-LISEL Contents of the line from which the event was triggered.
SY-CUROW Position of the line in the window from which the event was
triggered (counting starts with 1)
SY-CUCOL Position of the column in the window from which the event was
triggered (counting starts with 2).
SY-CPAGE Page number of the first displayed page of the list from which the
event was triggered.
SY-STARO Number of the first line of the first page displayed of the list from
which the event was triggered (counting starts with 1). Possibly, a page header
occupies this line.
SY-STACO Number of the first column displayed in the list from which the event
was triggered (counting starts with 1).
SY-UCOMM Function code that triggered the event.
SY-PFKEY Status of the displayed list.
Events for Interactive Reporting:
AT LINE-SELECTION Moment at which the user selects a line by double
clicking on it or by positioning the cursor on it and pressing F2.
AT USER-COMMAND Moment at which the user presses a function key.
TOP-OF-PAGE DURING Moment during list processing of a
LINE-SELECTION secondary list at which a new page starts.

AT PF-FUNCTION KEY function key from F5 to F12 to perform interactive
action on the list.

*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report ZSIMPLE_INTERACTIVE *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT ZSIMPLE_INTERACTIVE .
TABLES: MARA,MARC,MARD.
SELECT-OPTIONS: SMATNR FOR MARA-MATNR.
***********************************************************
* INITIALIZATION.
***********************************************************
INITIALIZATION.
SMATNR-LOW = '1300-1400'.
SMATNR-HIGH = '1300-2000'.
SMATNR-SIGN = 'I'.
SMATNR-OPTION = 'BT'.
APPEND SMATNR.
***********************************************************
* START-OF-SELECTION.
***********************************************************
START-OF-SELECTION.
WRITE:/10 'MATERIAL NO',25 'PLANT LOCATION',45 'STORAGE LOCATION'.
ULINE.
SELECT * FROM MARA WHERE MATNR IN SMATNR.
WRITE:/10 MARA-MATNR,30 MARA-MBRSH,50 MARA-MTART.
HIDE MARA-MBRSH.
ENDSELECT.
***********************************************************
* AT LINE-SELECTION.
***********************************************************
AT LINE-SELECTION.
IF SY-LSIND EQ 1.
SELECT * FROM MARC WHERE MATNR EQ MARA-MATNR.
WRITE:/ MARC-MATNR,MARC-WERKS.
HIDE MARC-MATNR.
ENDSELECT.
ENDIF.

IF SY-LSIND EQ 2.
SELECT * FROM MARD WHERE WERKS EQ MARC-WERKS.
WRITE:/10 MARD-MATNR, 25 MARD-WERKS,45 MARD-LGORT.
HIDE MARD-MATNR.
ENDSELECT.
ENDIF.
***********************************************************
* TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION.
***********************************************************
TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION.
IF SY-LSIND EQ 1.
WRITE:/1 'MATERIAL NO',15 'PLANT LOCATION'.
ULINE.
ENDIF.
TOP-OF-PAGE DURING LINE-SELECTION.
IF SY-LSIND EQ 2.
WRITE:/10 'MATERIAL NO',25 'PLANT LOCATION',45 'STORAGE LOCATION'.
ENDIF.
************************************************************************

The AT LINE-SELECTION event is triggered by double-clicking on the output
value to get the drilldown report.
First create two tables for this report
How to create Table?

Create Data element

Create Domain

Fill all the Attributes and save it
and activate it

Message Class:
This messages which we will set here will be displayed while executing a report.
We can set up 4 kind of messages.
1. S- status Message. (Will appear green in status bar)
2. E-Error message. (Will appear red in status bar)
3. W-Warning message. (Will appear yellow in the status bar)
4. I-Information message (will appear as information box)
Creating Message Class:
After creating your report then it will directly shows your report name as
REPORT ZSMALL_INTERACTIVE_REPORT.
Now to create a message class you have first declare your message class at the
start of the report as
REPORT ZSMALL_INTERACTIVE_REPORT MESSAGE-ID ZPA1.
Here ZPA1 is message class. Now double click on ZPA1

In your report to call a table or to declare a table the syntax is
Tables: zemp_details1.
To declare an internal table this is the syntax
Data: itab like zemp_details1 occurs 0 with header line.
In internal table we declare in two types
1) Internal Table manipulations
2) with Header line &
3) without header line
Syntax for Table Manipulations:
1. READ:
READ TABLE <itab> WITH KEY < fieldname = ‘’>.
2. INSERT:
INSERT <itab> index <sy-tabix>.
3. MODIFY:
MODIFY <itab> index <sy-tabix>
4. DESCRIBE:
DESCRIBE TABLE <itab> lines <var1> OCCURS <var2>.
5. APPEND:
APPEND <itab>.
6. CLEAR
CLEAR <itab>.
7. REFRESH
REFRESH <itab>.

Sample report for Internal Table with header manipulation:
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report ZITAB_WITH_HEADER_MANIPULATION *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT ZITAB_WITH_HEADER_MANIPULATION .
DATA: BEGIN OF ITAB OCCURS 0,
BOOKNO(4) TYPE N,
BOOKNAME(5) TYPE C,
BOOKADD(10) TYPE C,
END OF ITAB.
ITAB-BOOKNO = '1234'.
ITAB-BOOKNAME = 'SAP'.
ITAB-BOOKADD = 'KOTI'.
APPEND ITAB.
CLEAR ITAB.
ITAB-BOOKNAME = 'ABAP'.
ITAB-BOOKADD = 'PUNJAGUTTA'.
APPEND ITAB.
CLEAR ITAB.
ITAB-BOOKNAME = 'ERP'.
ITAB-BOOKADD = 'BEGUMPET'.
APPEND ITAB.
CLEAR ITAB.
LOOP AT ITAB.
WRITE:/ ITAB-BOOKNO,ITAB-BOOKNAME,ITAB-BOOKADD.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP 2.
READ TABLE ITAB WITH KEY BOOKNO = '1235'.
SKIP 2.
READ TABLE ITAB INDEX 3.
SKIP 2.
ITAB-BOOKNAME = 'XI'.
ITAB-BOOKADD = 'CHENNAI'.
INSERT ITAB INDEX 2.
LOOP AT ITAB.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP 2.
ITAB-BOOKNAME = 'BASIS'.
ITAB-BOOKADD = 'SR NAGAR'.
MODIFY ITAB INDEX 2.
LOOP AT ITAB.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP 2.

DELETE ITAB INDEX 2.
LOOP AT ITAB.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP 2.
CLEAR ITAB.
SKIP 2.
FREE ITAB.
SKIP 2.
REFRESH ITAB.
LOOP AT ITAB.
ENDLOOP.

Sample report for Internal Table without header:
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report ZITAB_WITHOUT_HEADER *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT ZITAB_WITHOUT_HEADER .
DATA: BEGIN OF HEADER,
BOOKNO(4) TYPE N,
BOOKNAME(5) TYPE C,
BOOKADD(10) TYPE C,
END OF HEADER.
DATA: BODY LIKE HEADER OCCURS 0.
HEADER-BOOKNO = '1209'.
HEADER-BOOKNAME = 'SAP'.
HEADER-BOOKADD = 'HYD'.
APPEND HEADER TO BODY.
CLEAR HEADER.
HEADER-BOOKNAME = 'ABAP'.
HEADER-BOOKADD = 'PUNJAGUTTA'.
CLEAR HEADER.
HEADER-BOOKNAME = 'ERP'.
HEADER-BOOKADD = 'KOTI'.
CLEAR HEADER.
LOOP AT BODY INTO HEADER.
WRITE:/ HEADER-BOOKNO,HEADER-BOOKNAME,HEADER-BOOKADD.
ENDLOOP.

Sample report for Internal Table with header:
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report ZITAB_WITH_HEADER *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
REPORT ZITAB_WITH_HEADER .
DATA: BEGIN OF ITAB OCCURS 0,
BOOKNO(4) TYPE N,
BOOKNAME(10) TYPE C,
BOOKADD(15) TYPE C,
END OF ITAB.
ITAB-BOOKNAME = 'SAP'.
ITAB-BOOKADD = 'GANDHINAGAR'.
APPEND ITAB.
CLEAR ITAB.
ITAB-BOOKNAME = 'PAVAN-ABAP'.
ITAB-BOOKADD = 'GANDHINAGAR'.
APPEND ITAB.
CLEAR ITAB.
ITAB-BOOKNAME = 'ERP'.
ITAB-BOOKADD = 'HYD'.
APPEND ITAB.
CLEAR ITAB.
LOOP AT ITAB.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP 2.
READ TABLE ITAB WITH KEY BOOKNO = '1235'.
SKIP 2.
READ TABLE ITAB INDEX 3.
SKIP 2.
ITAB-BOOKNAME = 'HR'.
ITAB-BOOKADD = 'PUNJAGUTTA'.
INSERT ITAB INDEX 2.
LOOP AT ITAB.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP 2.
ITAB-BOOKNAME = 'BASIS'.
ITAB-BOOKADD = 'KOTI'.
MODIFY ITAB INDEX 2.
LOOP AT ITAB.
ENDLOOP.
SKIP 2.
DELETE ITAB INDEX 2.
LOOP AT ITAB.

ENDLOOP.
SKIP 2.
CLEAR ITAB.
SKIP 2.
FREE ITAB.
SKIP 2.
REFRESH ITAB.
LOOP AT ITAB.
ENDLOOP.
Initialization event is to set the initial values for the output that we get for the
report.
Low value – here refers to the low value for the primary key.
High value – here refers to the highest value u need.
Sign – can be either ‘Inclusive’ or ‘exclusive’.
Option – can be ‘BT (between), GT(greater than), LT( lesser than).
Now after declaring your internal table declare these values in your report
SELECT-OPTIONS: EMP_NO FOR ZEMP_DETAILS1-EMPNO.
INITIALIZATION.
EMP_NO-LOW = '1000'.
EMP_NO-HIGH = '4000'.
EMP_NO-SIGN = 'I'. “ HERE ‘I’ REPRESENTS INTEGER
EMP_NO-OPTION = 'BT'.
APPEND EMP_NO.
CLEAR EMP_NO.
AT SELECTION-SCREEN is used to check the validity of the user input values
by setting the messages in the Message Class.
IF EMP_NO-LOW < '1000'.
MESSAGE S000(ZPA1).
ELSEIF EMP_NO-HIGH > '4000'.
MESSAGE S001.
ENDIF.

START-OF SELECTION event where exactly we use the SQL statements to
retrieve the output from the database table.
START-OF-SELECTION.
SELECT * FROM ZEMP_DETAILS1 INTO TABLE ITAB WHERE EMPNO IN EMP_NO.
WRITE:/5 SY-ULINE(35).
LOOP AT ITAB.
WRITE:/5 SY-VLINE, 6 ITAB-EMPNO, 17 SY-VLINE,18 ITAB-EMPNAME,28 SY-VLINE
, 39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
To get the output in the table format we use 2 system variables such as SY-
ULINE to draw the horizontal line and SY-VLINE to draw the vertical line.
To get the header at the top of every page we use TOP-OF-PAGE event .
TOP-OF-PAGE.
WRITE:/5 SY-VLINE,6 'EMPNO',17 SY-VLINE,18 'EMPNAME',28 SY-VLINE,
39 SY-VLINE.
In order to set the LINE-SIZE and the LINE-COUNT ,
REPORT ZSMALL_INTERACTIVE_REPORT MESSAGE-ID ZPA1 LINE-SIZE 255
we need to declare In the first line of the program and at the end of each and every
page we can set the page no by using the END-OF PAGE event and at the end of
selection we can set some message telling that the output is closed in the END-
OF-SELECTION event.
END-OF-PAGE.
WRITE:/ 'THE PAGE NO IS',SY-PAGNO.
END-OF-SELECTION.
WRITE:/ 'THE RECORD IS CLOSED'.
Up to here what we have performed is Classical report the events upto here same
as interactive
Some of the interactive events are:
1. At line Selection
2. At PFn.

3. At User-command.
AT LINE-SELECTION event is triggered by double-clicking on the output value
to get the drilldown report.
AT LINE-SELECTION.
IF SY-LSIND = 1.
SELECT * FROM ZEMP_DETAILS1 INTO TABLE ITAB WHERE EMPNO = ITAB-EMPNO.
LOOP AT ITAB.
WRITE:/5 SY-VLINE,6 ITAB-EMPNO,17 SY-VLINE,18 ITAB-EMPNAME,28 SY-VLINE,
39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
ELSEIF SY-LSIND = 2.
SELECT * FROM ZCOMP_DETAILS INTO TABLE JTAB.
LOOP AT JTAB.
WRITE:/5 SY-VLINE,6 JTAB-COMP_NO,17 SY-VLINE,18 JTAB-COMP_NAME,28
SY-VLINE,
39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
Complete Coding for Interactive report
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report ZSMALL_INTERACTIVE_REPORT *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
LINE-COUNT 10(2).
Tables: zemp_details1, zcomp_details.
Data: Jtab like zCOMP_details occurs 0 with header line.
INITIALIZATION.
EMP_NO-SIGN = 'I'.
APPEND EMP_NO.
CLEAR EMP_NO.
MESSAGE S000(ZPA1).
MESSAGE S001.
ENDIF.
START-OF-SELECTION.

LOOP AT ITAB.
WRITE:/5 SY-VLINE, 6 ITAB-EMPNO, 17 SY-VLINE,18 ITAB-EMPNAME,28 SY-VLINE
, 39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
TOP-OF-PAGE.
39 SY-VLINE.
END-OF-PAGE.
END-OF-SELECTION.
AT LINE-SELECTION.
IF SY-LSIND = 1.
LOOP AT ITAB.
39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
LOOP AT JTAB.
SY-VLINE,
39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
After executing this report if you click on the output any name or number
then it will take you to the another line for which you have defined coding as
above
AT PF ’n’ event is triggered by clicking on the function key assigned at the n
value wherein n can vary from 5 to 9.
If we go to se41, we can get menus, items and different function keys, which we
are using for secondary list in interactive report.
AT PF7.

Now to set an PF-STATUS we have to go to Menu Painter (Se41). This Pf status
is for GUI. Goto se 41 and create a menu list or just follow this
In your program write the following code
SET PF-STATUS 'ZPA1_MENU'.
And now double click on ZPA1_MENU

Fill all the necessary fields and
then press enter

Click on this to expand the menu
bar options

Give any name to your object and
double click on the same line

In the application tool bar it provides option in output such as open, back, exit,
folder etc,
Fill your required option here so that it
will be displayed in the output and then
press enter

Select Static or Dynamic text and then
press enter

Give your Function Text and in the
icon name press F4 and select relevant
icon to be displayed at output

You have to assign any function
keys to the object for which u
have created and then press enter

Here you can see your added function keys
or else you can add from here also

Complete code of present report
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& Report ZSMALL_INTERACTIVE_REPORT *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
*& *
*& *
*&---------------------------------------------------------------------*
LINE-COUNT 10(2).
Tables: zemp_details1, zcomp_details.
Data: Jtab like zCOMP_details occurs 0 with header line.
SET PF-STATUS 'ZPA1_MENU'.
INITIALIZATION.
EMP_NO-SIGN = 'I'.
APPEND EMP_NO.
CLEAR EMP_NO.
MESSAGE S000(ZPA1).
MESSAGE S001.
ENDIF.
START-OF-SELECTION.
LOOP AT ITAB.
39 SY-VLINE.
HIDE: ITAB-EMPNO.
ENDLOOP.
TOP-OF-PAGE.
39 SY-VLINE.
END-OF-PAGE.

END-OF-SELECTION.
AT LINE-SELECTION.
IF SY-LSIND = 1.
LOOP AT ITAB.
39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
LOOP AT JTAB.
SY-VLINE,
39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
AT PF7.
IF SY-LSIND = 1.
LOOP AT ITAB.
39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
LOOP AT JTAB.
SY-VLINE,
39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
AT USER-COMMAND.
IF SY-UCOMM = '0001'.

IF SY-LSIND = 1.
LOOP AT ITAB.
39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
LOOP AT JTAB.
SY-VLINE,
39 SY-VLINE.
ENDLOOP.
ENDIF.
ENDIF.

Logical Data Base Builder:
A logical database is a special ABAP/4 program which combines the contents of
certain database tables. You can link a logical database to an ABAP/4 report
program as an attribute. The logical database then supplies the report program
with a set of hierarchically structured table lines which can be taken from different
database tables.
If you need to find the logical database for a table name, you can used SE36 -
Logical Database Builder.
Steps:-
Go to transaction SE36
Click Extras -> Table usage
Supply the Table name and hit enter.
A Display Logical Database will be shown on a pop-up window.
More Information from help.sap.com
Logical databases are special ABAP programs that retrieve data and make it
available to application programs. The most common use of logical databases is
still to read data from database tables and linking them to executable ABAP
programs while setting the program contents. You edit logical databases using the
Logical Database Builder in the ABAP Workbench.
However, since Release 4.5A, it has also been possible to call logical databases
independently of this tool using the function module LDB_PROCESS. This allows
you to call several logical databases from any ABAP program, nested in any way.
It is also possible to call a logical database more than once in a program, if it has
been programmed to allow this. This is particularly useful for executable
programs, allowing them to use more than one logical database and process a
database more than once.
Logical databases contain Open SQL statements that read data from the database.
You do not therefore need to use SQL in your own programs. The logical database
reads the program, stores them in the program if necessary, and then passes them

line by line to the application program or the function module LDB_PROCESS
using an interface work area.
Views of Data in Logical Databases
Logical databases provide a particular view of database tables. It is appropriate to
use logical databases if the database tables you want to read correspond largely to
the structure of the logical database and where the flow of the system program
(select - read - process - display) meets the requirements of the application.
The data structure in a logical database is hierarchical. Many tables in the R/3
System are linked to each other using foreign key relationships. Some of these
dependencies form tree-like hierarchical structures. Logical databases read data
from database tables that are part of these structures.

A logical database can read the lines of these tables one after the other into an
executable program in a sequence which is normally defined by the hierarchical
structure. The term logical database is sometimes used to mean not only the
program itself, but also the data that it can procure.
Tasks of Logical Databases
Logical databases serve mainly to reuse predefined functionality for reading data
from database tables, but they can also be programmed for other tasks. To keep the
application logic of application programs free from technical details, logical
databases can perform the following tasks:
· Reading the same data for several programs.
The individual programs do not then need to know the exact structure of the
relevant database tables (and especially not their foreign key relationships).
Instead, they can rely on the logical database to read the database entries in the
right order during the GET event.
· Defining the same user interface for several programs.
Logical databases have a built-in selection screen. Therefore, all of the programs
that use the logical database have the same user interface.
· Central authorization checks
Authorization checks for central and sensitive data can be programmed centrally
in the database to prevent them from being bypassed by simple application
programs.
· Improving Performance
If you want to improve response times, logical databases permit you to take a
number of measures to achieve this (for example, using joins instead of nested
SELECT statements). These become immediately effective in all of the
application programs concerned and save you from having to modify their source
code.

Goto Tcode SE36 to create logical Data base

Give your short description and
then press enter

Give your table name
here
Give the text same as in
declared in your table
Again Declare your Table
here

Give the second node which should be hierarchically under the root node and enter
the short description with the database table Name

Give your second table name and the short text
should be same as declared in your table for
this particular table

Select your table and then click on
Selections Button

Now uncomment your select-options and give any name for your select option

This is our complete code after uncommenting few lines
SELECT-OPTIONS : empno FOR ZEMP_DETAILS1-EMPNO.
* Parameter for search pattern selection (Type SY-LDB_SP):
* PARAMETERS p_sp AS SEARCH PATTERN FOR TABLE
ZEMP_DETAILS1.
SELECT-OPTIONS : compno FOR ZCOMP_DETAILS-COMP_NO.
* Enable DYNAMIC SELECTIONS for selected nodes :
SELECTION-SCREEN DYNAMIC SELECTIONS FOR TABLE
ZEMP_DETAILS1.
SELECTION-SCREEN DYNAMIC SELECTIONS FOR TABLE
ZCOMP_DETAILS.
* Enable FIELD SELECTION for selected nodes :

Now go back to your initial screen and select your table and then Select Source
code

Now double click on TOP Include which is used for Header.

Now check whether the tables you have defined are uncommented or not??

Now go back to your Program screen and double click on Routines

Now click on the include
Double click on top include
BASEN001 for emp details
table here my table is
ZEMP_DETAILS1

Now uncomment the SQL statement and enter the field and the database table
name according to the logical database builder.

Now go back to includes screen and in the same way as done above for employee
details now double click on Company details and uncomment the SQL statements
then SAVE, CHECK and ACTIVATE the screen.
Click BACK and SAVE, CHECK & ACTIVATE the screen until u reach the
main screen and SAVE the logical database.
Thus the logical database is constructed.
In order to generate the query report, first construct the logical database and
generation of query report is as follows.
The transaction codes used in Query reports are:
1. SQ01 – For creating Query.
2. SQ02 – For creating Infoset.
3. SQ03 – For creating User.
First u need to create the USER and generate the INFOSET, in turn can produce
the Query report.

Infoset:
An SAP Infoset (formerly known as a Functional Area) is crucial for ABAP query
usage (in SAP versions 4.6A - onward).
The reason for Info Sets being important is because many R/3 clients find
themselves faced with how to develop useful reports from an application using
20k+ tables. In addition, many clients desire to use third-party reporting tools; i.e.,
Crystal Reports. In this article, we will look at what an R/3 Infoset and how they
relate to Crystal Reports.
1. Knowledge learned in this article can be put to use when:
2. Users require an understanding of how InfoSets are used within SAP R/3
3. Users require an understanding of the various methods of developing
InfoSets
4. Users require an understanding of how InfoSets are used in concert with
Crystal Reports.
Report developers cannot be expected to cull through the thousands of tables and
fields R/3 presents - even from a single logical database. Therefore, some form of
technical shortcut is beneficial. InfoSets, when used with ABAP queries are an
example of an available shortcut. At its simplest definition, an InfoSet determines
which tables and/or fields within a table, queries may reference. To accomplish
this, InfoSets are typically based upon table joins or logical databases (LDBs).
Therefore, an Infoset is, for lack of a better term, a form of Ubber View (Super
View).

Go to Transaction Code SQ01.
Now follow this path Environment Usergroups

Give your Query name and Click on create button
Click on Create
Button

Save or press Enter

Go back to User Group initial screen and then click on Assign users and InfoSets
Click on Assign users
& InfoSets

Assign any user existing in
SAP and press enter

Now go back to your user screen from there follow this menu path
Environment InfoSets
Or go to Tcode SQ02

Give your InfoSet query name and
press Create button

Give your InfoSet name
Select a logical data base
by pressing F4

This is the logical database
which we had created in SE36

You can drag & drop your
fields on to the screen save it
and come back to main screen

Now in SQ03 assign your Infoset
which u had created just above

Now to create Query goto USER screen and click on the
ENVIRONMENT QUERIES
and the Query name and click on the CREATE button. It will ask for infoset.
Choose the corresponding Infoset.
Select your infoset query
and then save it

Select your infoset

Now on the left hand side u can find the fields in the dictionary and on the right
hand side the field required for the Query report. Drag and drop the field you want
for the Query report and click on the GENERATE button.

After selecting your fields click on
generate

In the Tcode SQ03 enter your
title
Select ABAP List

Click on Next screen

Check the Tables for which u
want to make a query

Click on Next screen

ABAP/4 Query can generate the following 3 simple reports:
Basic List: It is the simple reports.
Statistics: Reports with statistical functions like Average, Percentages.
Ranked Lists: For analytical reports. - For creating a ABAP/4 Query,
programmer has to create user group and a functional group. Functional group can
be created using with or without logical database table. Finally, assign user group
to functional group. Finally, create a query on the functional group generated.
Select the fields and click
next screen

Now select the data fields that you want to appear in the query report and click on
the SAVE button. Then Click on the TEST button.
Click on Basic List

Select the fields which u want to
display in the output
The fields which u have
selected will be displayed
here

In Logical data base(SE36) maintain all fields
Such as Selection Texts, Documentation and then in query report SQ01 execute
your report
Execute the report

Sap Abap Reports

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