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Atoms are the smallest particles that elements are made of and cannot be further broken down while still retaining their chemical properties. Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons have a positive charge, electrons have a negative charge, and neutrons have no charge. Molecules are the smallest particles of an element or compound that can exist and retain the chemical properties of that element or compound. They are made of two or more atoms and their molecular formula gives the composition in terms of the number and type of atoms present.
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Periodic table shortened (1)
The periodic table organizes the chemical elements by atomic number and shows that elements with similar atomic structures tend to have similar chemical properties; elements are classified as metals, metalloids and nonmetals according to their properties, and the table illustrates how elements gain or lose electrons to achieve stable electron configurations through periodic trends in atomic structure across periods and down groups. The periodic table provides a framework for understanding relationships between elements and predicting properties based on atomic structure.
Atomic theory
This document outlines the development of atomic theory from ancient Greek philosophers to modern physics. It describes key contributors such as Democritus, Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, and Schrodinger who proposed models of the atom based on experiments. The modern atomic theory is that atoms contain a nucleus of protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons in electron clouds, and that elements are defined by their atomic number while isotopes differ in neutron number. The four fundamental forces that act on atoms are also summarized.
Atomic theory
This document provides an overview of the development of atomic theory over time. It describes early Greek philosophers like Democritus who proposed the idea of atoms as indivisible particles. Later scientists like Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, Schrodinger and Heisenberg contributed improved atomic models including the plum pudding model, solar system model, and electron cloud model. The document outlines that atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons and that elements are defined by their atomic number of protons. Isotopes and forces within atoms are also summarized.
Periodic table
The periodic table organizes elements according to increasing atomic number and properties that repeat periodically. Elements are grouped based on their proton number and electron configuration which determine their bonding properties and how they form compounds. The location of an element on the periodic table can be used to predict its physical and chemical behavior.
Chemical bonding 2 no bonds
Bonds form between elements when their molecules rearrange to become stable compounds. This requires energy and allows the outer electron levels of one element to reach eight electrons. There are three main types of bonds: ionic bonds between metals and nonmetals where electrons are transferred, covalent bonds between nonmetals where electrons are shared, and metallic bonds between metals. To identify bonds, locate the elements on the periodic table to determine if they are metals or nonmetals and then apply the appropriate bonding model.
Electricity and magnetism
Electricity and magnetism are explained through the movement of electrons. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Electrons can move along a wire due to positive and negative charges. Static electricity is created through friction that changes the number of electrons on objects. Magnets have magnetic fields and poles that attract or repel other magnets or metals. The Earth has a magnetic field created by its liquid iron core that protects us with its magnetosphere.
Elements and atoms
1) An atom is the basic building block of matter and is composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the center nucleus, while electrons orbit around the nucleus.
2) Elements are substances made of only one type of atom. They are the basic building blocks that make up all molecules. The periodic table lists all known elements and their properties.
3) There are two common models of atomic structure - the Bohr model which depicts all subatomic particles, and the Lewis dot structure which represents only the outer shell electrons. Electrons are arranged into energy levels and shells around the nucleus according to specific rules.
Atomic structure-1222530739357453-8
This document provides an overview of atomic structure and bonding. It discusses subatomic particles like protons, neutrons, and electrons and their properties. It explains how atomic number and mass are determined. Electron arrangement in energy levels is covered, along with ionic and covalent bonding processes. Ionic bonding occurs through the transfer of electrons between atoms, while covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms. Common ionic and covalent compounds are listed as examples.
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Periodic table shortened (1)
The periodic table organizes the chemical elements by atomic number and shows that elements with similar atomic structures tend to have similar chemical properties; elements are classified as metals, metalloids and nonmetals according to their properties, and the table illustrates how elements gain or lose electrons to achieve stable electron configurations through periodic trends in atomic structure across periods and down groups. The periodic table provides a framework for understanding relationships between elements and predicting properties based on atomic structure.
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Atomic theory
This document provides an overview of the development of atomic theory over time. It describes early Greek philosophers like Democritus who proposed the idea of atoms as indivisible particles. Later scientists like Dalton, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, Schrodinger and Heisenberg contributed improved atomic models including the plum pudding model, solar system model, and electron cloud model. The document outlines that atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons and that elements are defined by their atomic number of protons. Isotopes and forces within atoms are also summarized.
Periodic table
The periodic table organizes elements according to increasing atomic number and properties that repeat periodically. Elements are grouped based on their proton number and electron configuration which determine their bonding properties and how they form compounds. The location of an element on the periodic table can be used to predict its physical and chemical behavior.
Chemical bonding 2 no bonds
Bonds form between elements when their molecules rearrange to become stable compounds. This requires energy and allows the outer electron levels of one element to reach eight electrons. There are three main types of bonds: ionic bonds between metals and nonmetals where electrons are transferred, covalent bonds between nonmetals where electrons are shared, and metallic bonds between metals. To identify bonds, locate the elements on the periodic table to determine if they are metals or nonmetals and then apply the appropriate bonding model.
Electricity and magnetism
Electricity and magnetism are explained through the movement of electrons. Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Electrons can move along a wire due to positive and negative charges. Static electricity is created through friction that changes the number of electrons on objects. Magnets have magnetic fields and poles that attract or repel other magnets or metals. The Earth has a magnetic field created by its liquid iron core that protects us with its magnetosphere.
Elements and atoms
1) An atom is the basic building block of matter and is composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the center nucleus, while electrons orbit around the nucleus.
2) Elements are substances made of only one type of atom. They are the basic building blocks that make up all molecules. The periodic table lists all known elements and their properties.
3) There are two common models of atomic structure - the Bohr model which depicts all subatomic particles, and the Lewis dot structure which represents only the outer shell electrons. Electrons are arranged into energy levels and shells around the nucleus according to specific rules.
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This document provides an overview of atomic structure and bonding. It discusses subatomic particles like protons, neutrons, and electrons and their properties. It explains how atomic number and mass are determined. Electron arrangement in energy levels is covered, along with ionic and covalent bonding processes. Ionic bonding occurs through the transfer of electrons between atoms, while covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms. Common ionic and covalent compounds are listed as examples.
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All substances are made of atoms, which are the building blocks of matter. Atoms contain a nucleus with protons and neutrons surrounded by electrons. Elements are substances made of only one type of atom, with 118 known elements. The periodic table arranges elements based on their chemical and physical properties, grouping them according to their atomic structure and how they bond with other atoms through ionic, metallic, or covalent bonds to form molecules or crystalline structures.
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An atom is the smallest particle of an element that contains protons, neutrons, and electrons. Elements are substances made of a single type of atom that combine to form molecules, which are made of two or more atoms joined together. Molecules such as water, written as H2O with two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom, are the smallest particles that combine without chemical change to form all matter in the world.
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Neon is a chemical element with the symbol Ne and atomic number 10. It is a colorless, odorless, inert monatomic gas under standard conditions that forms colorless compounds. Neon is a noble gas and exists in the Earth's atmosphere in trace amounts of about 18.2 ppmv. Some key points:
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- Atoms consist of even smaller subatomic particles - protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are located in the nucleus, while electrons orbit the nucleus. The number of protons determines the element.
Periodic trends
The document discusses periodic trends in elemental properties. It explains that Dmitri Mendeleev was the first to organize elements in a periodic table based on their properties. Elements in the same group have similar properties due to their valence electrons. Atomic radius generally decreases moving left to right across a period and increases moving down a group due to electron shielding. Ionization energy increases as atomic radius decreases. Electron affinity is exothermic when gaining electrons fills an orbital. Metallic character decreases and electronegativity increases moving from left to right. Cations are smaller than their parent atoms while anions are larger.
16270253.ppt
Atoms are the smallest particles that matter can be divided into. They are too small to see, even with the most powerful microscopes. Atoms come together to form all substances. Atoms are composed of a small, positively charged nucleus surrounded by negatively charged electrons. While the atom is the smallest particle of an element, some elements exist as mixtures of isotopes that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.
General Biology. LECTURE 2. THE CHEMICAL FOUNDATION OF LIFE.pptx
This document provides an overview of the chemical foundations of life. It discusses that biochemistry is the study of the structures and roles of chemicals in living organisms. The key points made are:
- Life depends on chemistry as living things are composed of chemical elements like carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen.
- Atoms are the basic unit of matter and combine to form molecules and chemical compounds. The four most common elements in living things are carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen.
- Isotopes are atoms of the same element that vary in neutron number. There are three isotopes of hydrogen: protium, deuterium, and tritium.
Periodic Trends Complete.ppt
1. Dimitri Mendeleev was the first to publish an organized periodic table and predicted the properties of undiscovered elements.
2. Henry Moseley later arranged the periodic table by atomic number, which is the modern version.
3. The periodic law states that when elements are arranged by atomic number, they display a repeating pattern of chemical and physical properties.
CBSE Class 9 Science Chapter 4- structure of atom
This document discusses the structure of atoms and the development of atomic models over time. It covers John Dalton's early atomic theory that atoms are indivisible and different for each element. J.J. Thomson's plum pudding model described atoms as electrically neutral spheres. Rutherford determined atoms have a small, dense nucleus through alpha particle scattering experiments. Niels Bohr incorporated quantum theory, proposing electrons orbit in discrete energy levels. The document also discusses atomic number, mass number, isotopes, electron configuration, and valency.
Atom, atomic theory & elements by Shaze Ali
- An atom is the basic unit of an element, composed of subatomic particles including electrons, protons, and neutrons. Atoms combine in whole number ratios to form compounds.
- Dalton's atomic theory from the 19th century proposed that matter is made of tiny particles called atoms, atoms of the same element are identical, and atoms combine in fixed ratios to form compounds.
- The modern atomic theory states that atoms of the same element share the same number of protons, called the atomic number, and electrons occupy quantized energy levels in orbits around the nucleus.
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AadiShakti Projects ( Asp Cranes ) Raipur
Welcome to ASP Cranes, your trusted partner for crane solutions in Raipur, Chhattisgarh! With years of experience and a commitment to excellence, we offer a comprehensive range of crane services tailored to meet your lifting and material handling needs.
At ASP Cranes, we understand the importance of reliable and efficient crane operations in various industries, from construction and manufacturing to logistics and infrastructure development. That's why we strive to deliver top-notch solutions that enhance productivity, safety, and cost-effectiveness for our clients.
Our services include:
Crane Rental: Whether you need a crawler crane for heavy lifting or a hydraulic crane for versatile operations, we have a diverse fleet of well-maintained cranes available for rent. Our rental options are flexible and can be customized to suit your project requirements.
Crane Sales: Looking to invest in a crane for your business? We offer a wide selection of new and used cranes from leading manufacturers, ensuring you find the perfect equipment to match your needs and budget.
Crane Maintenance and Repair: To ensure optimal performance and safety, regular maintenance and timely repairs are essential for cranes. Our team of skilled technicians provides comprehensive maintenance and repair services to keep your equipment running smoothly and minimize downtime.
Crane Operator Training: Proper training is crucial for safe and efficient crane operation. We offer specialized training programs conducted by certified instructors to equip operators with the skills and knowledge they need to handle cranes effectively.
Custom Solutions: We understand that every project is unique, which is why we offer custom crane solutions tailored to your specific requirements. Whether you need modifications, attachments, or specialized equipment, we can design and implement solutions that meet your needs.
At ASP Cranes, customer satisfaction is our top priority. We are dedicated to delivering reliable, cost-effective, and innovative crane solutions that exceed expectations. Contact us today to learn more about our services and how we can support your project in Raipur, Chhattisgarh, and beyond. Let ASP Cranes be your trusted partner for all your crane needs!
What do the symbols on vehicle dashboard mean?
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原版制作(Exeter毕业证书)埃克塞特大学毕业证完成信一模一样
学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(Exeter毕业证书)埃克塞特大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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Hand Gesture Control Robotic Arm using image processing.pptx
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学校原件一模一样【微信：741003700 】《(napier毕业证书)英国龙比亚大学毕业证》【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）原件一模一样纸张工艺/offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原。
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
【主营项目】
一.毕业证【q微741003700】成绩单、使馆认证、教育部认证、雅思托福成绩单、学生卡等！
二.真实使馆公证(即留学回国人员证明,不成功不收费)
三.真实教育部学历学位认证（教育部存档！教育部留服网站永久可查）
四.办理各国各大学文凭(一对一专业服务,可全程监控跟踪进度)
如果您处于以下几种情况：
◇在校期间，因各种原因未能顺利毕业……拿不到官方毕业证【q/微741003700】
◇面对父母的压力，希望尽快拿到；
◇不清楚认证流程以及材料该如何准备；
◇回国时间很长，忘记办理；
◇回国马上就要找工作，办给用人单位看；
◇企事业单位必须要求办理的
◇需要报考公务员、购买免税车、落转户口
◇申请留学生创业基金
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
EV Charging at Multifamily Properties by Kevin Donnelly
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Catalytic Converter theft prevention - NYC.pptx
Understanding Catalytic Converter Theft:
What is a Catalytic Converter?: Learn about the function of catalytic converters in vehicles and why they are targeted by thieves.
Why are They Stolen?: Discover the valuable metals inside catalytic converters (such as platinum, palladium, and rhodium) that make them attractive to criminals.
Steps to Prevent Catalytic Converter Theft:
Parking Strategies: Tips on where and how to park your vehicle to reduce the risk of theft, such as parking in well-lit areas or secure garages.
Protective Devices: Overview of various anti-theft devices available, including catalytic converter locks, shields, and alarms.
Etching and Marking: The benefits of etching your vehicle’s VIN on the catalytic converter or using a catalytic converter marking kit to make it traceable and less appealing to thieves.
Surveillance and Monitoring: Recommendations for using security cameras and motion-sensor lights to deter thieves.
Statistics and Insights:
Theft Rates by Borough: Analysis of data to determine which borough in NYC experiences the highest rate of catalytic converter thefts.
Recent Trends: Current trends and patterns in catalytic converter thefts to help you stay aware of emerging hotspots and tactics used by thieves.
Benefits of This Presentation:
Awareness: Increase your awareness about catalytic converter theft and its impact on vehicle owners.
Practical Tips: Gain actionable insights and tips to effectively prevent catalytic converter theft.
Local Insights: Understand the specific risks in different NYC boroughs, helping you take targeted preventive measures.
This presentation aims to equip you with the knowledge and tools needed to protect your vehicle from catalytic converter theft, ensuring you are prepared and proactive in safeguarding your property.
一比一原版(Columbia文凭证书)哥伦比亚大学毕业证如何办理
一模一样【微信：176555708】【(Columbia文凭证书)哥伦比亚大学毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：176555708】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
一比一原版(WashU文凭证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证如何办理
一模一样【微信：176555708】【(WashU文凭证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单Offer】【微信：176555708】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：176555708】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：176555708】即可
三、进国企，银行，事业单位，考公务员等等，这些单位是必需要提供真实教育部认证的，办理教育部认证所需资料众多且烦琐，所有材料您都必须提供原件，我们凭借丰富的经验，快捷的绿色通道帮您快速整合材料，让您少走弯路。
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
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Whitaker Jamieson, Senior Specialist at Forth, gave this presentation at the Forth Addressing The Challenges of Charging at Multi-Family Housing webinar on June 11, 2024.
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Sanyam ohra
- 1. Introduction Made By :- Sanyam Ohra Class :- IX th A Submit To :- Veer Sir Roll No :- 20
- 3. What's an atom? Definition: A microscopic small particle that could not be made any smaller and still behave as a chemical system. Atoms are the smallest particles that can exist and represent elements identity. Atoms cannot be created or destroyed
- 4. Atoms • Atoms consist of protons, neutrons, electrons • The atomic structure is shown in the diagram below • Protons have positive charge • Electrons have negative charge • Neutrons have no charge
- 7. Properties Particle Mass (kg) Mass (amu)# Charge* Electron 9.10939 x 10 -31 0.00055 = 0 -1 Proton 1.67262 x 10 -27 1.00728 = 1 +1 Neutron 1.67493 x 10 -27 1.00866 = 1 0
- 8. Atoms • Sub-atomic particles • Electrons • Protons • Neutrons
- 9. ATOMIC PARTICLES: • Atoms consist of three subatomic particles: • electrons – electrons are negatively charged particles and their properties are summarized in the following table • protons – protons are positively charged particles and their properties are summarized in the following table • neutrons – neutrons have no charge and their properties are summarized in the following table
- 10. ELECTRONS • Small negatively charged particle • Orbit, circle, around the nucleus • Have no mass. • Atoms are neutral. • Number of electrons = number of protons
- 11. PROTONS: • small, positively charged particles • reside in the nucleus • along with the neutron, make up most of the mass of the atom • the number of protons is what defines the type of a particular atom. • Atoms are neutral • Number of protons = number of electrons
- 12. NEUTRONS: • small particles with no charge • reside in the nucleus • along with the proton, make up most of the mass of the atom
- 13. ATOMS--Dalton's Atomic Theory • All matter (including elements) is composed of atoms; each atom is a very small, chemically indivisible particle – the word 'atom' is from the Greek word "atmos" which means "cannot be cut apart" • elements are different because they are composed of different types of atoms • each type of atom has properties different from other atoms
- 14. Atomic theory of matter • Matter composed of atoms • Atoms of given element have identical properties • Different elements have different properties • Atoms combine in whole number ratios • Not created or destroyed in ordinary chemical reactions
- 15. What's a molecule? Definition: The smallest particles of an element or compound that can exist and retain the chemical properties of that element or compound
- 16. Molecules •Molecular formula gives composition: number of atoms of each element present •Molecular mass= sum of masses of atoms
- 19. Representing molecules • Names: ethanol, ethyl alcohol •Formulas: C2H8O, C2H5OH, CH3CH2OH •Structural drawings •Models