The document describes the functions of the muscular system and how muscles work with bones to enable movement. It explains that tendons connect muscles to bones and muscles work in pairs, with one contracting as the other relaxes, causing movement. The skeletal and muscular systems coordinate with each other through this process to allow the body to move.

1. I. Objectives
Describes the functions of the muscular system
Illustrates how muscles are connected to the bones
Explains/Demonstrates how muscles cause body movements
Cites simple body activities that show the coordinated functions of the skeletal and muscular systems
II. Learning Content
The Muscle – Bone Connection
How Muscles Work
Science Ideas: Voluntary muscles are connected to bones.
Tendons connect muscles to bones.
Muscles work in pairs. When a muscle relaxes, the other contracts. The contraction and
relaxation of the muscles produce movement.
The skeletal and muscular systems coordinate with each other to enable the body to move.
References: Science and Health Manual pp. 31-34, Textbook pp. 59-60, 61-63
Science For Daily Use pp. 13-17, Into the Future pp. 12-18
Process Skills: observing, inferring, demonstrating
Vocabulary: tendon, contract, relax
Materials: pictures, flip chart
Value: Taking care of the muscles
III. Learning Experiences
A. ENGAGE
1. Health Inspection
2. Review
Identify the kind of muscles.
1.
_________________________
2.
___________________________

2. 3.
______________________
B. EXPLORE
1. Pre-viewing Activity
Have the pupils bend their arms and feel the tough tissue inside.
What do you call this tough tissue on your arm?
2. Video viewing
What are the standards to be followed in viewing?
Let the pupils view the video presentation.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jxk5tFiGVSE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T-ozRNVhGVg
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xnnBtQ6IfxY
C. EXPLAIN
3. Discussion/Analysis
What is the first video about?
Why we can move our bodies?
How are muscles in our body arranged?
What is the pair of muscles in our arm?
In the second video, what happens when one muscle contract?
In the third video, what is the relation between muscles and bones?
Which allow us to move and have great movements?
What word have you heard that shows relationship between muscles and bones?
Give examples of muscle movements.
Have the pupils demonstrate some activities to show that muscles and bones work in
coordination with one another (moving the legs, smiling, bending etc.)
4. Generalization
What connect the muscles to bones?
How do muscles work?
What is the relationship of muscles and bones?
Tendons connect muscles to bones.
Muscles work in pairs. When a muscle relaxes, the other contracts. The
contraction and relaxation of the muscles produce movement.
The skeletal and muscular systems coordinate with each other to enable the
body to move.
D. ELABORATE
5. Application
Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
1. The ________________ connects the muscles to the bones.

3. 2. Muscles work in __________________.
3. The pair of muscles in our arms are __________________ and ____________________.
4. When one muscle relaxes, the other muscle __________________.
5. The skeletal and muscular system _________________ each other to enable the body to
move.
6. The contraction and relaxation of muscles produce _________________.
E. EVALUATE
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. What connects a muscle to a bone?
A. tendon B. ligaments C. cartilage
2. How do muscles work?
A. separate B. pairs C. whole
3. How do muscles and bones related to one another?
A. They work together at opposite direction.
B. They coordinate each other causing movements of the body.
C. They are separated by each other through cartilage.
4. One of a pair of muscles gets longer. What does this show?
A. This muscle relaxes.
B. This muscle contacts
C. This muscle pulls the bone.
5. Which of these activities show that muscles and bones work together?
A. beating of the heart
B. movement of the stomach
C. bending of the arms
F. ENRICHMENT
Draw the muscles in your arms showing the tendons and the biceps and triceps muscles. Label
them.
PL =