Here are some key ways to take care of your bones: 1. Engage in weight-bearing physical activity regularly. Activities like walking, dancing, hiking and weight training help build and maintain strong bones. 2. Eat a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D. Calcium is essential for bone health, and vitamin D helps the body absorb calcium. Good sources include dairy products, leafy greens, salmon and fortified foods. 3. Avoid excessive alcohol and smoking. Excess alcohol intake and smoking can decrease bone mineral density and increase risk of fractures. 4. Manage chronic conditions. Diseases like hyperthyroidism and rheumatoid arthritis can accelerate bone loss if not properly treated. Keep conditions well

1. BONES AND
MUSCLES

2. Describe the main
functions of the major
organs
(S4LT-IIa-b-1)

3. Describe the functions
of the bones and
muscles.

4. Helmet is used for protection to
prevent injury in case of accident.

5. Strong muscles and bones

6. Let’s have a game
SIMON SAYS

7.  Touch your toes.
 Extend your arms upward.
 Bend your knees.
 Jump high!

8. What parts of your body do you
use in doing different actions
like touching your toes,
extending your arms upward,
bending your knees and
jumping?

10. 1. What is the work or
function of the bones
and muscles in our body?
2. What are the bones that
protect the internal
organs of our body?

11. 3. What are the two kinds of
muscles?

12. THE FUNCTION OF
THE BONES

13. The bones help maintain
the structure and form
of our body.
It supports us as we sit
(pelvic bone) or stand
(backbone).

14. Our bones protect the
vital organs of the body.

15. Bones that protect the vital organs
of the body
The skull protects the brain.
skull

16. Bones that protect the
vital organs of the body
The backbone
protects the
spinal cord
backbone

17. Bones that protect the vital organs
of the body
The ribs protect
the heart and
lungs.
ribs

18. A new born baby
350 bones.

19. An adult has a total
of 206 bones.

20. The bones in our body are
connected with each other.
The point where two bones meet
and connect is called joint.

21. THE FUNCTION OF
THE MUSCLES

22. Muscles form the
fleshy parts of
the body.
They enable our
body to move.

23. They also give
shape and form to
our body and
protect delicate
organs.

24. Muscles can be classified into:
 Voluntary Muscles
 Involuntary Muscles

25. Voluntary muscles
 They hold the bones of the
skeleton and give shape to
the body.
 They are attached to bones.
 Skeletal muscles.

26. Voluntary muscles are muscles
that you have the ability to
consciously control.
 arms  legs  face

27. Involuntary muscles
 smooth muscles
 are controlled by nervous
system and cannot be
controlled.

28.  stomach
 esophagus
 diaphragm
 walls of the blood vessels
 cardiac muscles

29.  Can be
controlled
 Cannot be
controlled

30.  Skeletal
muscles
 Smooth
muscles

31. Bones and muscles work together to
support and move the body

32. ACTIVITY

33. Write True if the statement is
correct and False if it is incorrect.
____ 1. The bones help
maintain the structure and
form of our body.
True

34. Write True if the statement is
correct and False if it is incorrect.
_____2. Bones are connected
together at the joints to
allow movement.
True

35. Write True if the statement is
correct and False if it is incorrect.
_____3. Muscles are not attached
to the bone and can work
independently.
False

36. Write True if the statement is
correct and False if it is incorrect.
_____4. Skull, rib cage and
backbone are examples of
bones that protect the
internal organs.
True

37. Write True if the statement is
correct and False if it is incorrect.
_____5. Involuntary muscles are
muscles that can be
controlled.
False

40.  The bones help maintain the
structure and form of our
body.
 They support us as we do a
certain task or activity.

41.  ribs - heart and lungs.
Our bones also protect vital
organs of the body.
 skull - brain
 backbone - spinal cord.

42.  Bones are connected with
each other in a point called
joint.

43.  They enable our body to
move.
 Muscles form the fleshy
parts of the body.

44.  Muscles give shape and
form to our body and
protect delicate organs.
 Muscles are voluntary or
involuntary.

45. ACTIVITY

46. Identify the word or phrases
being asked in each statement.
1. These bones form a
protective cage around the
heart and lungs.
______
ribs

47. Identify the word or phrases
being asked in each statement.
2. These are muscles that you
have the ability to consciously
control.
_______________
Voluntary muscles

48. Identify the word or phrases
being asked in each statement.
3. A delicate organ of the body
that is being protected by the
backbone.
_______________
Spinal cord

49. Identify the word or phrases
being asked in each statement.
4. The fleshy parts of the body
that enable our body to move.
_______________
Muscles

50. Identify the word or phrases
being asked in each statement.
5. The point where two bones
meet and connect.
_________
Joint

53. References:
Abutay, Lelani R., et al.2015.Science 4. DepEd
Complex Meralco Avenue, Pasig City:
Department of Education.
Abutay, Lelani R., et al.2015.Science 4
Teacher’s Guide. DepEd Complex Meralco
Avenue, Pasig City: Department of
Education.

57. Have you observed how
houses are built?

58. What will the construction
worker do first?
How will you compare that to
the human body?
Is there a framework that
provides structure to the human
body?
What do you call this framework?

59. Activity # 1
Connect the cut out pictures of
the human skeletal system

60. Skeleton Dance
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e54m6XOpRgU

61. Label the parts ( Group Work )

62. “What is the purpose of
the human skeleton?”

63. The skeletal system is made up of
many bones, 206 to be exact. Bones
help to shape your body and protect
your organs, such as your heart, brain,
and lungs, from damage. If you didn't
have bones in your body, you would
look like a bowl full of Jello, because
there would be nothing holding you
up.The framework of your body is
made up of rigid and strong materials
called bones.

64. Activity #1:
Examining Bone
Structure
Locate the part of the
your framework as I say
its name.

66. What are the two division of the
skeletal system?

69. What is the difference between
compact bone & spongy bone?

70. Why is bone marrow important?

71. Activity #2:
Observing Movements of Joints
Problem:
What are the different kinds of
joints? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2rUzWx9P7cA
Safety Tips:
1. Be careful in moving your body parts,
especially your neck and backbone.
2. Do not allow other persons to pull or twist
your arm.

72. Mix and Match!
Parts and functions of
Skeletal System (group work)
Your group will be provided
with parts(green) and
function (yellow) written in
metacards

73. Why should bones be
strong?
Bones support our
body and allow us
move.

74. How will you take care
of your bones?
1.Eat calcium-rich foods

75. 2. prevent from falls and other
accidents that could injure the
bones especially when playing.

77. 4.Get vitamin D through sunlight,

78. Your body produces vitamin D naturally when
it’s directly exposed to sunlight. Besides getting
vitamin D through sunlight, you can also get it
through certain foods and supplements to ensure
adequate levels of the vitamin in your blood.
Vitamin D has several important functions.
Perhaps the most vital are regulating the
absorption of calcium and phosphorus, and
facilitating normal immune system function.
Getting a sufficient amount of vitamin D is
important for normal growth and development of
bones and teeth, as well as improved resistance
against certain diseases.

79. TRIVIA:
Bones are alive. They
are made of living cells
capable of growing
and repairing
themselves.

80. Our bones are in fact alive! Our bones are made up of hard
stuff that gives them the strength they need, and many
living cells. These cells are what help our bones to grow
and repair themselves if damaged. The cells in our bones
rely on blood to keep them alive, just as many other cells in
our body do. Did you know that our blood is what brings
food and oxygen to our bone cells and takes away the
things that our bone cells don't need? If our bones were
not alive, a broken bone would stay broken for the rest of
our life, because there would be nothing alive to fix it.
Luckily our bones are very alive and have the ability to
repair breaks and fractures in no time! When we break a
bone, our blood clots in the break to form a bridge, or to
close up the break.

81. What are the ideas did you learn in
the lesson?
What are the parts and functions of
the skeletal system?
Describe the potential consequences
if all bone tissues in humans were
made of spongy bones & no compact
bones.

82. Matching type: Match the parts of the skeletal system
in column A with the functions in column B.
Column A Column B
1. Skull a. the inner layer of the bone that
2. Spinal column contains yellowish substance
3. Bones which manufactures blood cells
4. Hinge joint in the body.
5. Ball and socket b. protects the spinal cord
c. a rigid case that protects the
brain
d. allows movement in all
directions
e. allows movement in one
direction only

83. How will you take
care of your bones?