The document outlines various rural development programs launched by the Government of India, including the Food for Work (FFW) program, Integrated Rural Development Program (IRDP), Training of Rural Youth for Self-Employment (TRYSEM), Jawahar Rojgar Yojna (JRY), and Sampoorna Gramin Rojgar Yojna (SGRY). Each program aims to reduce poverty by providing employment, generating income, and creating community assets, while also highlighting their weaknesses such as misidentification of beneficiaries, lack of technical support, and delayed resource allocation. The document emphasizes the need for better coordination and support to improve the effectiveness of these initiatives.

1. Rural Development Programme
Prepared by: Rabeesh Kumar Verma
Assistant Professor (Agril. Extension)
CCR PG COLLEGE , MUZAFFARNAGAR (U.P.)

2. Food for Work( FFW) Programme
• The FFW programme was launched by the Govt. of India in April, 1977 on
ad-hoc basis as non-plan programme aimed eradication of hunger and
poverty and for the creation of community assets in rural areas.

3. Objective :
• to generate additional gainful employment to unemployed in rural areas with
a view to improve their income and nutrition.
• Creation of durable community assets by utilising the surplus food- grains.

4. Weakness:
• Erratic disbursement of food grains
• Non-durability of assets created under the programme
• Inadequate technical support, and
• Lack of supervision leading to dilution of technical specification

5. Integrated Rural Development Programme
(IRDP)
• IRDP was launched in 1978-79.
• Aimed at providing income generating assets and self-employment opportunities for the
rural poor.
• IRDP is also called as Anti-poverty elimination programme.
• IRDP was started in 2300 selected blocks of the country.
• DRDA( District Rural Development Programme) was setup at District level for
implementation of IRDP.
• Target group of the programme was poorest of the poor.
• Unit of the beneficiaries of IRDP was Family.

6. • The funds sharing between central and state govt. in the IRDP was 50:50.
• IRDP was extended to all the blocks of the country on 2nd October 1980.
• At least 30 percent of assisted families should be drawn from the SC/ST.
• SFDA,MFAL, DPAP,TRYSEM= IRDP

7. Objectives :
• To provide assistance to families below poverty line ( BPL) to enable them to
attain an income level above the poverty line.

8. Weakness :
• Mis-identification of beneficiaries and mis-utilization of fund.
• Lack of infrastructural support
• Lack of remunerative prices for different inputs
• Lack of proper co-ordination among different departments.
• Irregular monitoring and evaluation of the programme.
• Lack of better quality assets.
• Absence of full time staff at the block level for IRD Work.

9. TRYSEM : Training of Rural Youth for Self-
Employment
• A centrally sponsored scheme.
• launched by the Govt. of India, Department of Rural Development .
• on 15th August ,1979.
• TRYSEM was facilitating component of IRDP.

10. Objective of IRDP:
• To provide technical skills to the rural youth from families below poverty line
to enable them to take up self-employment in the broad fields of agriculture
and allied activities , industries, service and business activities.

11. Weakness:
• Lack of credit facilities
• Lack of periodical inspection by the principal of training institute.

12. Jawahar Rojgar Yojna(JRY):
• An employment programme
• to provide employment to the rural poor .
• Started in 1st April, 1989.
• NREP And RLEGP were merged into this programme.
• The expenditure under the programme was shared by the centre and States on 80:20
basis.
• Target Group: people below poverty line
• People preference would be given to SC And ST for employment under the yojna.

13. Objective:
• Primary objective of the programme was generation of additional gainful
employment for the unemployed person both men and women in the rural areas.
• Creation of productive community assets for direct and continuing benefits to the
poverty groups
• Improvement in the overall quality of life in the rural areas.

14. Limitation/Weakness :
• Release of resources to block Panchayat was delayed as a result
implementation of the scheme got delayed.
• JRY Wage rate was reported to be low as compared to the locally prevailing
rates.
• Non-availbility of workers and materials during certain seasons
• Lack of coordination between different agencies involved in the
implementation of the programme.

15. Sampoorna Gramin Rojgar Yojna (SGRY)
• SGRY is a centrally sponsored
• Two scheme namely employment Assurance scheme and Jawahar Gram
Samridhi Yojna ( JGSY) were merged into this scheme.
• Started in the year 2001-02.

16. Objective:
• 1. Provide additional wage employment and food security in the rural areas.
• 2. Creation of durable community, social and economic assets ,and
• 3.Development of infrastructure.

17. Features :
• 1.Share between centre and state was 75:25
• Five kg of food grains ( Kind component) shall be distributes as a part of
wage per person per day.
• Remaining wages ( Cash Component ) was paid every week
• 4. Engagement of contractors is banned in executing any work under this
scheme.

18. Targeted beneficiaries:
• The SGRY scheme was available to all the rural poor ( BPL & APL) who
were in need of wage employment and were willing to takeup manual or
unskilled work around his/her village or habitation
Selection criteria :
Priority was directed to the poorest among the poor, women, SC/ST and
parents of child labour withdrawn from hazardous occupation.

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