The document discusses English and American Romantic landscape paintings. It describes how Romantic artists were inspired by nature and feelings. Two English artists featured were John Constable and his painting "The Hay Wain," and Joseph Mallord Turner's "The Slave Ship," depicting the horrors of slavery. In America, Thomas Cole founded the Hudson River School and painted "The Oxbow" to showcase America's natural beauty. Frederick Church was Cole's pupil and succeeded him by painting awe-inspiring landscapes without signs of humanity like his piece "Twilight in the Wilderness."

1. English and American Romantic Landscapes Sonya Antropova, Group 752

2. William Wordsworth Landscapists were inspired by the spirit belonging to the age.

3. What is Romanticism? Romanticism was a new intellectual movement at the end of the eighteenth century Romanticism emphasized feelings, emotion and imagination as sources of knowledge

4. Characteristics of Romanticism Emotion and feelings Individualism Interest in the past Attraction to the exotic Love of poetry Worship of nature Distrust of science

5. English Romantic Landscapes John Constable, The Hay Wain, 1821 Painter of pastoral English scenery Oneness with nature sought by Romantic poets Man as a participant in the landscape Sense of monumentality, rhythm, color, movement Composed as if accidental Clouds filled with color and light Many colors in one: trees many shades of green, clouds, reflections, etc. Cottage camouflaged by trees Legend about the occupant of the cottage: he was 80 and spent only four nights of his life elsewhere. He and the cottage are a part of the natural landscape Colors and light are flecked and vibrant and tend to obscure details

6. John Constable, The Hay Wain

7. Joseph Mallord William Turner, The Slave Ship 1833: slavery ended in Britain, but guilt of slave trade cannot be erased by an act of Parliament Slave traders are the sharks In 1783 an epidemic broke out on a ship, The Zong Slaves thrown over board so that the owners could collect insurance money. Slaves dying of disease were uninsurable Shipwrecks a common theme in English painting, 5000 people a year died at the sea Color reflective of emotional state Horror of man’s inhumanity to man is stressed Fast sketchy brushwork Blood red sunset acts symbolically Blurred forms

8. Joseph Mallord William Turner, The Slave Ship

9. American Romantic Landscapes Thomas Cole, The Oxbow, 1836 Founder of the Hudson River School of landscape painting Painted as reply to Captain Basil Hall’s book Travels in North America , 1829, in which he alleged that America was indifferent to its natural blessings Also alleged that American painters were incompetent and could not capture American scenery To Cole, America possesses the sublime and the beautiful in its landscape Wildness of landscape on left compared to the domesticated landscape on right Left: contorted trunk, receding storm, wild mountains, impenetrable forest Right: cultivated, orderly, man taming nature, but remaining in harmony with her

10. Thomas Cole, The Oxbow

11. Frederick Church, Twilight in the Wilderness Cole’s only pupil and his successor Awe-inspiring view of the sun setting over a majestic landscape No trace of humanity Idealistic and comforting view Affirmation of the divine in nature Strong horizontals interrupted by verticals and diagonals Color used as spectacle Great detail in leaves of trees and feathery clouds Is it a symbol of the oncoming Civil War?

12. Frederick Church, Twilight in the Wilderness