Team Lift: Predicting Medication AdherenceNeil Ryan
Medication adherence is a growing public health concern in the US. It is the extent to which patients are taking medications as prescribed by their healthcare providers. Simply put, are patients eating their pills on time?
We looked at patient data from Medicare part D program released by Centers for Medicare & Medicaid services. We built a prediction model to ascertain whether a patient would be adherent based on a variety of social, economic and behavioral aspects.
Medication errors can occur at any stage of the medication use process and can be caused by various factors. Common types of errors include communication failures, look-alike and sound-alike drug names, dosing errors, and environmental distractions. Root cause analysis seeks to identify underlying factors that lead to errors through retrospective review. Frameworks like the Ishikawa diagram can help categorize root causes as related to people, processes, technology, environment, or other factors to prevent future errors.
This document discusses medication errors, including their scope and causes. It notes that medication errors are a major problem, causing many preventable deaths each year and billions in costs. Common causes of errors include look-alike drug names and packaging, multiple drug concentrations, labeling issues, and time constraints on nurses. High-risk drugs and IV medications are particularly prone to errors. Errors can involve wrong drugs, doses, preparations or contamination. The document outlines various technologies and practices that can help reduce errors, such as electronic prescribing, bar coding, and computerized physician order entry.
This document discusses medication adherence and proposes a mHealth approach using automated medication reminders triggered from pharmacy dispensing data to improve adherence. Key points:
- Medication non-adherence is a major healthcare problem, with 50% of chronic patients not following treatment plans. This costs $100-290 billion annually in the US.
- An automated reminder system would use dispensing data like medication name, dose, frequency from pharmacies to set reminders in an app to prompt users when to take medications and track adherence.
- This approach could improve medication adherence rates especially as more use smartphones and wearables, helping address the large costs and health impacts of non-adherence.
This study examined how characteristics of medical group practices influence rates of inappropriate emergency department visits and avoidable hospital admissions among Medicare patients. The researchers found that practices owned by physicians and those using electronic health records had lower rates of non-emergent ED visits and emergent but primary care treatable visits. Larger practices and those with more non-physician providers per doctor had higher rates of avoidable hospital admissions. The findings suggest that care coordination declines as practices grow in size and complexity.
The document discusses medication errors and safe medication practices, including defining medication errors, causes of errors, and policies and procedures to prevent errors. Key policies include identifying patients, checking medications against orders, monitoring effects, documenting properly, and reporting any errors. The goal is to ensure the highest quality medications are safely administered as prescribed to prevent wrong drugs and adverse reactions.
Outcomes research examines the end results of health services on individuals and is intended to provide scientific evidence relating to decisions made by all who participate in health care. This presentation examines two leading organizations in outcomes research: the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). AHRQ funds research to improve quality and safety, focusing on priority populations like children and the elderly. PCORI funds research allowing patients and providers to make informed decisions, with mental/behavioral health being the most studied condition. While outcomes research considers patient preferences, it is difficult to satisfy all patients regardless of efforts to provide evidence-based care.
Team Lift: Predicting Medication AdherenceNeil Ryan
Medication adherence is a growing public health concern in the US. It is the extent to which patients are taking medications as prescribed by their healthcare providers. Simply put, are patients eating their pills on time?
We looked at patient data from Medicare part D program released by Centers for Medicare & Medicaid services. We built a prediction model to ascertain whether a patient would be adherent based on a variety of social, economic and behavioral aspects.
Medication errors can occur at any stage of the medication use process and can be caused by various factors. Common types of errors include communication failures, look-alike and sound-alike drug names, dosing errors, and environmental distractions. Root cause analysis seeks to identify underlying factors that lead to errors through retrospective review. Frameworks like the Ishikawa diagram can help categorize root causes as related to people, processes, technology, environment, or other factors to prevent future errors.
This document discusses medication errors, including their scope and causes. It notes that medication errors are a major problem, causing many preventable deaths each year and billions in costs. Common causes of errors include look-alike drug names and packaging, multiple drug concentrations, labeling issues, and time constraints on nurses. High-risk drugs and IV medications are particularly prone to errors. Errors can involve wrong drugs, doses, preparations or contamination. The document outlines various technologies and practices that can help reduce errors, such as electronic prescribing, bar coding, and computerized physician order entry.
This document discusses medication adherence and proposes a mHealth approach using automated medication reminders triggered from pharmacy dispensing data to improve adherence. Key points:
- Medication non-adherence is a major healthcare problem, with 50% of chronic patients not following treatment plans. This costs $100-290 billion annually in the US.
- An automated reminder system would use dispensing data like medication name, dose, frequency from pharmacies to set reminders in an app to prompt users when to take medications and track adherence.
- This approach could improve medication adherence rates especially as more use smartphones and wearables, helping address the large costs and health impacts of non-adherence.
This study examined how characteristics of medical group practices influence rates of inappropriate emergency department visits and avoidable hospital admissions among Medicare patients. The researchers found that practices owned by physicians and those using electronic health records had lower rates of non-emergent ED visits and emergent but primary care treatable visits. Larger practices and those with more non-physician providers per doctor had higher rates of avoidable hospital admissions. The findings suggest that care coordination declines as practices grow in size and complexity.
The document discusses medication errors and safe medication practices, including defining medication errors, causes of errors, and policies and procedures to prevent errors. Key policies include identifying patients, checking medications against orders, monitoring effects, documenting properly, and reporting any errors. The goal is to ensure the highest quality medications are safely administered as prescribed to prevent wrong drugs and adverse reactions.
Outcomes research examines the end results of health services on individuals and is intended to provide scientific evidence relating to decisions made by all who participate in health care. This presentation examines two leading organizations in outcomes research: the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) and the Patient Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI). AHRQ funds research to improve quality and safety, focusing on priority populations like children and the elderly. PCORI funds research allowing patients and providers to make informed decisions, with mental/behavioral health being the most studied condition. While outcomes research considers patient preferences, it is difficult to satisfy all patients regardless of efforts to provide evidence-based care.
Presentation by Avella Specialty Pharmacy & mScripts at Armada 2015 on improving medication adherence through mobile app technology. Learn about how Avella meets the challenges of medication non-adherence: http://www.avella.com/medication-adherence
Medication Adherence is a pressing issue in the healthcare setting. New advances in technology using mobile apps and smart devices are now changing the way we approach assessing patients medication adherence. However, this shift also allows a new chance to be engaged with patients regarding their medications and offers the opportunity to be more aware of medication related issues.
The document summarizes a study analyzing 642 medical error cases in Saudi Arabia. The study found that 20.4% of errors occurred in operating rooms, while 18% were in emergency rooms and 25% in surgery and obstetrics. Nearly half (46.5%) of cases involved patients aged 20-50 years. Common types of medical errors discussed include medication errors, surgical mistakes, and diagnostic errors. Specific examples are provided like a patient receiving an overdose of methotrexate which resulted in death. The presentation emphasizes the importance of patient safety and prevention of errors through techniques like using the 5Rs rule of administering the right medication to the right patient in the right dose via the right route at the right time.
The document discusses medication non-adherence, which is a major problem that impacts health and costs the healthcare system billions annually. It describes various technologies that have been developed to help patients better manage and adhere to their medication schedules, ranging from basic pillboxes and reminders to more advanced automated dispensers and sensors. The document recommends pilot studies be conducted to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of different medication adherence technologies in improving patient outcomes beyond standard discharge instructions alone.
This study examined the effects of nurse staffing levels and the nurse practice environment on nurse and patient outcomes using survey data from over 12,000 nurses in 604 hospitals. The researchers found that higher nurse workloads were associated with increased job dissatisfaction, burnout, and intent to leave. They also found that improvements to the practice environment were associated with decreased job dissatisfaction, burnout, and intent to leave among nurses as well as improved nurse ratings of patient care quality and safety. The researchers concluded that addressing nurse workload and improving practice environments could help increase nurse retention and improve the quality of patient care.
This document provides an introduction to budget impact analysis (BIA). It discusses that BIA is an economic assessment that estimates the financial consequences of adopting a new healthcare intervention. It notes that BIA is an essential part of comprehensive economic assessments along with cost-effectiveness analysis. The document outlines the key components of a BIA, including estimating the eligible patient population, time horizon, current and future treatment costs, and changes in disease-related costs. It also discusses presenting the changes in annual healthcare budget impact. The document compares BIA and economic evaluation, and provides considerations for BIA such as substitution, combination, and expansion effects of new interventions.
Validity and bias in epidemiological studyAbhijit Das
Validity and bias are essential aspects of any research—a brief description of internal and external validity and different types of bias related to the epidemiological study.
Criticisms of orthodox medical ethics, importance ofsupriyawable1
ethics is a very large and complex field of study with many branches .medical ethics is the branch of ethics that deals moral issues in medical practice. principles of medical ethics - autonomy ,beneficence ,confidentiality,do not harm,equity .importance of communication .
951023 Electronically Screening Discharge Summaries For Adverse Medical Eventsplokm1580
1) The study aimed to evaluate using electronic screening of discharge summaries to detect adverse medical events, defined as injuries caused by medical care rather than underlying conditions.
2) The study used trigger words related to adverse events to electronically screen discharge summaries and found 191 cases of potential adverse events out of 424 summaries.
3) Combining electronic screening with manual review of a random sample improved specificity for detecting adverse events compared to relying solely on manual review. The study demonstrated the feasibility of using electronic screening of discharge summaries to help identify adverse medical events.
The document discusses two needs identified at Heartland Healthcare Services pharmacy: decreasing time spent calling facilities about IV medications and ensuring IV orders reach the pharmacy in a timely manner. To address this, three fax transmittal forms were developed for common therapies and nursing facilities were provided stamps to identify IV orders for faster processing. This led to less time spent on phone calls, allowing nurses to spend more time with patients, avoiding medication delays, and saving time and money.
1. The study evaluated the efficacy of an adherence strategy using a computer alert system and telephone support to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART).
2. The rates of dispensed ART, which indirectly indicate adherence, significantly increased from 2006 to 2009 after implementing the intervention. Viral load levels also significantly increased compared to baseline.
3. A computer system was designed to alert staff of delays in medication pickup and trained personnel contacted patients by telephone. This centralized monitoring combined with communication support improved long-term adherence and clinical outcomes.
Medication non-adherence is a growing concern, as it is increasingly associated with negative health outcomes and higher cost of care. Tackling the burden of non-adherence requires a collaborative, patient-centric approach that considers individual patient needs and results in intelligent interventions that combine high-tech with high-touch.
Using technology can improve healthcare quality by addressing rising costs and moving to a value-based system. Key assumptions include unsustainable cost growth, payers prioritizing value over volume, and electronic health records (EHRs) and quality becoming standard. One health system improved diabetes care through EHR-enabled care management, standardized workflows, and enhanced patient engagement, achieving significant quality gains. EHRs alone are not sufficient and health systems must address fragmentation through coordinated, team-based care leveraging analytics across the healthcare ecosystem.
This document discusses quality issues related to patient safety, specifically medication errors. It defines key terms like medical error, adverse event, and near miss. It then identifies systems and personnel issues that can contribute to medication errors, such as staffing levels, the physical environment, and a lack of adherence to policies and procedures. The document also outlines the nurse's role in preventing errors and systems that have been implemented, such as computerized order entry and barcoding. It provides an overview of a trigger tool for measuring adverse drug events and discusses the results of a previous study on using clinical decision support systems to change physician ordering behavior and reduce errors.
This document discusses utilizing electronic health information technology (eHIT) for HIV/AIDS clinical pharmacology and implementation research. It provides an overview of eHIT, including electronic medical records, electronic health records, and electronic prescribing. It describes how eHIT can be used for medication management, monitoring patient outcomes, and managing disease complexity. The document also explores applications of eHIT in clinical research, such as identifying potential participants, facilitating data collection and monitoring safety. Overall, the document argues that eHIT systems have the potential to improve HIV/AIDS treatment and research.
This document discusses medication adherence and strategies to improve it. It defines medication adherence as a patient conforming to a provider's recommendations regarding timing, dosage, and frequency of medication. Non-adherence is estimated to cost $100-300 billion annually and cause 125,000 deaths. The five dimensions of non-adherence are socioeconomic factors, condition-related factors, therapy-related factors, patient-related factors, and health systems factors. Strategies to improve adherence include simplifying regimens, imparting knowledge, modifying beliefs and behaviors, providing communication and trust, addressing biases, and evaluating adherence.
1) Online medical resources have evolved from traditional print libraries to vast digital libraries accessible via the internet. Ideal online resources are evidence-based, frequently updated, easily accessible from any location, and integrated with electronic health records.
2) Physicians now use online tools like wikis and podcasts/audiocasts to collaborate with peers and stay up to date. Popular search engines like Google provide quick access to medical information, though specialized databases like PubMed remain important for formal literature searches.
3) As the depth and speed of online medical information continues growing, digital resources will become the primary library for clinicians worldwide.
Population Health Management PHM MLCSU huddleMatthew Grek
Andi Orlowski (Director of The Health Economics Unit) give an overview of Population Health Management (PHM) to the Midlands and Lancashire Commissioning Support Unit Huddle, on 25 March 2021
Beyond Scaling Up: Working with patent medicine vendors in NigeriaIDS
This presentation was given at the 'Beyond Scaling Up: Pathways to Universal Access' workshop which was held at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton on the 24-25 May, 2010. This event was co-sponsored by the Future Health Systems Research Programme Consortium and the STEPS Centre. Oladepo presented on work with patent medicine vendors of malaria drugs in Nigeria.
The document discusses environmental and dietary changes in Lao households. It notes that various stakeholders influence Lao diets and that the cooking pots of the poor contain staple foods like rice as well as insects, vegetables, fruits, meat, fish and oils. It also discusses how environmental changes can induce dietary changes and increase vulnerability to diseases due to insufficient nutrient intake. The document recommends fostering links between environment, health and nutrition policies and developing substitution scenarios for loss of wild foods to reduce malnutrition.
Presentation by Avella Specialty Pharmacy & mScripts at Armada 2015 on improving medication adherence through mobile app technology. Learn about how Avella meets the challenges of medication non-adherence: http://www.avella.com/medication-adherence
Medication Adherence is a pressing issue in the healthcare setting. New advances in technology using mobile apps and smart devices are now changing the way we approach assessing patients medication adherence. However, this shift also allows a new chance to be engaged with patients regarding their medications and offers the opportunity to be more aware of medication related issues.
The document summarizes a study analyzing 642 medical error cases in Saudi Arabia. The study found that 20.4% of errors occurred in operating rooms, while 18% were in emergency rooms and 25% in surgery and obstetrics. Nearly half (46.5%) of cases involved patients aged 20-50 years. Common types of medical errors discussed include medication errors, surgical mistakes, and diagnostic errors. Specific examples are provided like a patient receiving an overdose of methotrexate which resulted in death. The presentation emphasizes the importance of patient safety and prevention of errors through techniques like using the 5Rs rule of administering the right medication to the right patient in the right dose via the right route at the right time.
The document discusses medication non-adherence, which is a major problem that impacts health and costs the healthcare system billions annually. It describes various technologies that have been developed to help patients better manage and adhere to their medication schedules, ranging from basic pillboxes and reminders to more advanced automated dispensers and sensors. The document recommends pilot studies be conducted to evaluate the real-world effectiveness of different medication adherence technologies in improving patient outcomes beyond standard discharge instructions alone.
This study examined the effects of nurse staffing levels and the nurse practice environment on nurse and patient outcomes using survey data from over 12,000 nurses in 604 hospitals. The researchers found that higher nurse workloads were associated with increased job dissatisfaction, burnout, and intent to leave. They also found that improvements to the practice environment were associated with decreased job dissatisfaction, burnout, and intent to leave among nurses as well as improved nurse ratings of patient care quality and safety. The researchers concluded that addressing nurse workload and improving practice environments could help increase nurse retention and improve the quality of patient care.
This document provides an introduction to budget impact analysis (BIA). It discusses that BIA is an economic assessment that estimates the financial consequences of adopting a new healthcare intervention. It notes that BIA is an essential part of comprehensive economic assessments along with cost-effectiveness analysis. The document outlines the key components of a BIA, including estimating the eligible patient population, time horizon, current and future treatment costs, and changes in disease-related costs. It also discusses presenting the changes in annual healthcare budget impact. The document compares BIA and economic evaluation, and provides considerations for BIA such as substitution, combination, and expansion effects of new interventions.
Validity and bias in epidemiological studyAbhijit Das
Validity and bias are essential aspects of any research—a brief description of internal and external validity and different types of bias related to the epidemiological study.
Criticisms of orthodox medical ethics, importance ofsupriyawable1
ethics is a very large and complex field of study with many branches .medical ethics is the branch of ethics that deals moral issues in medical practice. principles of medical ethics - autonomy ,beneficence ,confidentiality,do not harm,equity .importance of communication .
951023 Electronically Screening Discharge Summaries For Adverse Medical Eventsplokm1580
1) The study aimed to evaluate using electronic screening of discharge summaries to detect adverse medical events, defined as injuries caused by medical care rather than underlying conditions.
2) The study used trigger words related to adverse events to electronically screen discharge summaries and found 191 cases of potential adverse events out of 424 summaries.
3) Combining electronic screening with manual review of a random sample improved specificity for detecting adverse events compared to relying solely on manual review. The study demonstrated the feasibility of using electronic screening of discharge summaries to help identify adverse medical events.
The document discusses two needs identified at Heartland Healthcare Services pharmacy: decreasing time spent calling facilities about IV medications and ensuring IV orders reach the pharmacy in a timely manner. To address this, three fax transmittal forms were developed for common therapies and nursing facilities were provided stamps to identify IV orders for faster processing. This led to less time spent on phone calls, allowing nurses to spend more time with patients, avoiding medication delays, and saving time and money.
1. The study evaluated the efficacy of an adherence strategy using a computer alert system and telephone support to improve adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART).
2. The rates of dispensed ART, which indirectly indicate adherence, significantly increased from 2006 to 2009 after implementing the intervention. Viral load levels also significantly increased compared to baseline.
3. A computer system was designed to alert staff of delays in medication pickup and trained personnel contacted patients by telephone. This centralized monitoring combined with communication support improved long-term adherence and clinical outcomes.
Medication non-adherence is a growing concern, as it is increasingly associated with negative health outcomes and higher cost of care. Tackling the burden of non-adherence requires a collaborative, patient-centric approach that considers individual patient needs and results in intelligent interventions that combine high-tech with high-touch.
Using technology can improve healthcare quality by addressing rising costs and moving to a value-based system. Key assumptions include unsustainable cost growth, payers prioritizing value over volume, and electronic health records (EHRs) and quality becoming standard. One health system improved diabetes care through EHR-enabled care management, standardized workflows, and enhanced patient engagement, achieving significant quality gains. EHRs alone are not sufficient and health systems must address fragmentation through coordinated, team-based care leveraging analytics across the healthcare ecosystem.
This document discusses quality issues related to patient safety, specifically medication errors. It defines key terms like medical error, adverse event, and near miss. It then identifies systems and personnel issues that can contribute to medication errors, such as staffing levels, the physical environment, and a lack of adherence to policies and procedures. The document also outlines the nurse's role in preventing errors and systems that have been implemented, such as computerized order entry and barcoding. It provides an overview of a trigger tool for measuring adverse drug events and discusses the results of a previous study on using clinical decision support systems to change physician ordering behavior and reduce errors.
This document discusses utilizing electronic health information technology (eHIT) for HIV/AIDS clinical pharmacology and implementation research. It provides an overview of eHIT, including electronic medical records, electronic health records, and electronic prescribing. It describes how eHIT can be used for medication management, monitoring patient outcomes, and managing disease complexity. The document also explores applications of eHIT in clinical research, such as identifying potential participants, facilitating data collection and monitoring safety. Overall, the document argues that eHIT systems have the potential to improve HIV/AIDS treatment and research.
This document discusses medication adherence and strategies to improve it. It defines medication adherence as a patient conforming to a provider's recommendations regarding timing, dosage, and frequency of medication. Non-adherence is estimated to cost $100-300 billion annually and cause 125,000 deaths. The five dimensions of non-adherence are socioeconomic factors, condition-related factors, therapy-related factors, patient-related factors, and health systems factors. Strategies to improve adherence include simplifying regimens, imparting knowledge, modifying beliefs and behaviors, providing communication and trust, addressing biases, and evaluating adherence.
1) Online medical resources have evolved from traditional print libraries to vast digital libraries accessible via the internet. Ideal online resources are evidence-based, frequently updated, easily accessible from any location, and integrated with electronic health records.
2) Physicians now use online tools like wikis and podcasts/audiocasts to collaborate with peers and stay up to date. Popular search engines like Google provide quick access to medical information, though specialized databases like PubMed remain important for formal literature searches.
3) As the depth and speed of online medical information continues growing, digital resources will become the primary library for clinicians worldwide.
Population Health Management PHM MLCSU huddleMatthew Grek
Andi Orlowski (Director of The Health Economics Unit) give an overview of Population Health Management (PHM) to the Midlands and Lancashire Commissioning Support Unit Huddle, on 25 March 2021
Beyond Scaling Up: Working with patent medicine vendors in NigeriaIDS
This presentation was given at the 'Beyond Scaling Up: Pathways to Universal Access' workshop which was held at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton on the 24-25 May, 2010. This event was co-sponsored by the Future Health Systems Research Programme Consortium and the STEPS Centre. Oladepo presented on work with patent medicine vendors of malaria drugs in Nigeria.
The document discusses environmental and dietary changes in Lao households. It notes that various stakeholders influence Lao diets and that the cooking pots of the poor contain staple foods like rice as well as insects, vegetables, fruits, meat, fish and oils. It also discusses how environmental changes can induce dietary changes and increase vulnerability to diseases due to insufficient nutrient intake. The document recommends fostering links between environment, health and nutrition policies and developing substitution scenarios for loss of wild foods to reduce malnutrition.
What must be done?Capacity building for health systems research in low & mid...IDS
This presentation was given in plenary by Sara Bennett of the Future Health Systems Consortium at the Global Symposium on Health Systems Research, November 2010.
Bruno08 10 Lindelow The Impact Of Health Insurance In Rural ChinaIDS
The document summarizes research evaluating the early impact of China's New Cooperative Medical Scheme (NCMS) on rural residents' use of health services and expenditures. Key findings include:
1) NCMS increased outpatient and inpatient service utilization, especially at village clinics and county hospitals.
2) While NCMS increased households' out-of-pocket medical expenditures overall, it reduced out-of-pocket costs for deliveries.
3) The impact on out-of-pocket expenditures was less pronounced among the poorest households.
The document discusses several key topics related to scaling up health systems and achieving universal access:
1. Evidence is important for implementing sustainable change, but the right questions must be asked and appropriate models/assumptions used.
2. Much of the variation in health outcomes between countries is due to differences in technological progress, not income levels. More research is needed to address developing country needs.
3. Scaling up health systems is an experiment in itself. Different types of evidence are needed from individual, institutional, and systems-level research on scaling up programs.
4. Research and innovation systems must work together across sectors and levels to develop and disseminate new health technologies, processes and knowledge globally.
This document discusses informal markets for health in Bangladesh. It finds that informal providers, like village doctors and drug sellers, make up a large share of the healthcare market, especially in rural areas, due to limited formal public services. Medical representatives are an important source of drug information for informal providers. They provide incentives to village doctors that can encourage overprescription. The study also examines the informal market for sexual and reproductive health services. Both men and women frequently visit informal providers like village doctors and drug sellers for common health issues, and spend a significant portion of their income on treatment.
This presentation was given by Bishai and Sutherland to the International Health Economics Association Conference 2009 in Beijing. It is research conducted as part of the Future Health Systems Research Programme Consortium www.futurehealthsystems.org.
Beyond Scaling Up: Opportunities & Regulatory Challenges of the Spread of e-H...IDS
This presentation was given at the 'Beyond Scaling Up: Pathways to Universal Access' workshop which was held at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton on the 24-25 May, 2010. This event was co-sponsored by the Future Health Systems Research Programme Consortium and the STEPS Centre. Zakir presented on e-health.
Evidence on Improving Health Service Delivery in Developing CountriesIDS
This presentation by David Peters of the Future Health Systems Consortium was given at the Global Symposium on Health Systems Research in November 2010.
Making the right to health a reality to Indigenous People in Brazil IDS
The document summarizes Brazil's efforts to provide universal healthcare coverage, particularly for indigenous peoples, through its public health system (SUS). It discusses how the SUS expanded coverage from 1.1 million people in 1994 to 96.1 million in 2009, and reduced infant mortality rates from 47.1 to 19.3 per 1000 births from 1990 to 2007. It also notes indigenous peoples still face health inequities, with infant mortality rates of 22.9 for whites, 34.9 for blacks, and 51.14 for indigenous peoples. The document outlines Brazil's creation of an Indigenous Health Subsystem in 1999 to decentralize services and improve quality and access for indigenous communities, but notes challenges remain around uneven health gains and centralization.
Beyond Scaling Up: Organising people with Diabetes to manage their disease in...IDS
This presentation was given at the 'Beyond Scaling Up: Pathways to Universal Access' workshop which was held at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton on the 24-25 May, 2010. This event was co-sponsored by the Future Health Systems Research Programme Consortium and the STEPS Centre. Van Pelt presented on the self management of diabetes in Cambodia through the mopotsyo network.
This presentation was given at the 'Beyond Scaling Up: Pathways to Universal Access' workshop which was held at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton on the 24-25 May, 2010. This event was co-sponsored by the Future Health Systems Research Programme Consortium and the STEPS Centre. Batchelor presented on mobile banking in Africa.
The scale and scope of private contributions to health systemsIDS
This presentation was given at a session at the Global Symposium on Health Systems Research in November 2010. Panelists included Ruth Berg, Gerry Bloom, Birger Forsberg, Kara Hanson, Gina Lagomarsino, Dominic Montagu, Stefan Nachuk
This document discusses promoting rational drug use in India under the National Rural Health Mission. It begins by outlining the objectives and defining the problem of irrational drug use in India. Some key points made include that India accounts for 22% of the global disease burden but only produces 2% of global drugs. It then discusses the reasons for irrational drug use, including factors related to patients, prescribers, drug regulation, and the drug supply system. Strategies presented to promote rational drug use include ensuring availability of essential drugs, access and affordability, and rational prescriptions. The challenges of implementation are also acknowledged.
Need for economic evaluation in healthcare sectorsamthamby79
This document discusses key concepts in pharmacoeconomics including defining economic evaluations, identifying different cost perspectives, classifying types of costs, and comparing alternatives in economic analyses. Specifically, it outlines how economic evaluations analyze the costs and outcomes of various treatment options, defines direct medical costs, direct non-medical costs, and indirect non-medical costs from different stakeholder perspectives, and explains how costs should consider both monetary inputs and health-related outcomes.
overuse and misuse of antibiotic put all of us at danger, and help to develop drug-resistant bacteria, so-called superbugs. which ultimately increase the cost of health care. so the third world countries are facing a burden of an extra charge of expenditure and unusual death
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI)inventionjournals
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
Aligning Incentives for Patient Engagement: Enabling Widespread Implementation of Shared Decision Making
May 24, 2013
John E. Wennberg, The Dartmouth Institute
A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF DRUG UTILIZATION PATTERN AND EVALUATION USING WHO GUI...M.Arumuga Vignesh
This document describes a prospective study conducted to evaluate drug utilization patterns and prescribing practices in a government hospital in India using WHO prescribing indicators. Data was collected from 282 patient records over 6 months across various wards. The study aimed to promote rational drug use, avoid polypharmacy, prevent antibiotic resistance, and estimate disease prevalence. Key metrics analyzed included the average number of drugs per prescription, percentage of generics prescribed, consultation times, and drug availability. The findings could provide insights into prescribing quality and opportunities for improvement.
This document provides an overview of a research study that aims to develop an expert system mobile application to diagnose common medical problems and prescribe herbal remedies. It discusses the inadequate access to healthcare in rural areas of the Philippines and promotes the use of herbal medicine and telehealth/ICT. The research objectives are to capture knowledge from medical doctors and herbalists, encode diagnosis and treatment rules, and develop a mobile app to provide medical advice without internet in remote areas. It scopes the research to specific illnesses and approved herbs under the Department of Health.
Pharmacotherapeutics is the study of therapeutic uses and effects of drugs. It involves determining treatment objectives, selecting appropriate drugs, dosages, and treatment durations based on factors like the disease stage and patient characteristics. Rational pharmacotherapy means medicines are prescribed, delivered, and explained properly to patients. Evidence-based medicine systematically uses clinical research evidence to make patient care decisions. An essential medicines list identifies the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system, based on disease prevalence, costs, and availability.
Pharmacy drug adherence is important for both healthcare providers and patients. Value-based treatment involves choosing a drug regimen that controls disease progression while improving quality of life through medication compliance. However, low patient adherence costs the pharmaceutical industry over $500 billion per year, driving up drug prices and competition from generics. A proposed analytics solution segments patient populations by adherence behavior, profiles disease progression retrospectively in each segment, and uses predictive analytics to alert pharmacists about non-compliance risks so they can better communicate with patients about negative health outcomes from low adherence. This could help modify patient behavior, save $290 billion annually, and help meet goals of the Affordable Care Act by making patients more active participants in their own care.
Definition and scope of Pharmacoepidemiology ABUBAKRANSARI2
In these slides I shared the information of definition and scope of pharmacoepidemiology. Types of studies - cohort studies, cross-sectional studies etc.
THE IMPACT OF CLINICAL PHARMACIST IN DETECTION OFIslam Shallal
This study analyzed medical records from 80 patients at an internal medicine department in Zagazig, Egypt to identify drug-related problems. The study found that 66.2% of patients experienced drug-drug interactions, with the most common being moderate in severity and fair reliability. Errors included high doses, inappropriate frequencies, and wrong or duplicate drugs. The study recommends including clinical pharmacists in prescribing and monitoring to reduce errors and establish treatment guidelines.
This document discusses medication errors that can occur in hospitals. It defines medication errors as any error in prescribing, dispensing, or administering drugs, regardless of whether harm occurs. Medication errors are a major cause of preventable patient harm. The document classifies medication errors as mistakes, slips, or lapses, depending on where the error occurs in the medication use process. It also discusses different ways medication errors have been estimated to cause deaths in other countries to highlight the significant impact of these errors.
- A study compared rates of preventable adverse drug events (ADEs) in intensive care units (ICUs) vs. non-ICUs at two hospitals over 6 months.
- The unadjusted ADE rate was twice as high in ICUs, but when adjusted for number of drugs, there was no difference between ICUs and non-ICUs.
- Preventable ADEs occurred due to normal systems failures like poor communication rather than overworked individuals, showing the need for systems solutions over blaming individuals.
Patients' satisfaction towards doctors treatmentmustafa farooqi
This document provides an introduction, literature review, and proposed framework for a study on patient satisfaction towards doctor treatment at state hospitals in Multan, Pakistan. The study aims to examine if patients are satisfied with the healthcare process, doctor treatment and behavior, and information/communication. The conceptual framework identifies background variables, independent variables related to doctor treatment, and dependent variables of patient satisfaction. The literature review discusses several prior studies that examined factors influencing patient satisfaction like doctor competence, communication, and attitudes. The theoretical framework discusses social identity theory and satisfaction theory in understanding patient attitudes and expectations.
Patients' satisfaction towards doctors treatmentmustafa farooqi
The mood of the care recipient to see if the impression (expectations) of service are met by the patient may be defined as patient satisfaction. The current perspective on service efficiency tends to be that patient treatment meets public standards and requirements in terms of interpersonal support as well as professional assistance. (Hardy et al. 1996).
For various reasons, customer satisfactions in the healthcare industry have been investigated. First it was important to decide on the extent and the degree to which patient care seekers, the meeting of drugs criteria and the continuous use of these services have effect, satisfaction as a quality of service metric, as well as allowing doctors and health services to better appreciate and use the input of the patient. (Ong et al. 2000).
Consumer satisfaction with healthcare services is a multi-panel term that refers to the core facets of treatment and suppliers, while PS medical services with the quality enhancement systems from the patient context, full control of quality and the intended outcomes of services are considered to be of primary importance (Janicijevic et al. 2013).
The Pakistani health system is being changed somewhat and there are wonderful scope for applying standard of services to health care. Patients in Pakistan now have access to increased quality health care. Obviously, the staff and staff are the most important winners of a successful health care environment of every community sector framework (Bakari et al. 2019).
The medical clinic of today's study is the product of a long and complicated war of civilization to quantify produce and study and to give thought to the thoughtful (Fullman et al. 2017).
ASSESSMENT OF SELF MEDICATION AMONG RURAL VILLAGE POPULATION IN A HEALTH SCRE...Gangula Amareswara Reddy
THE STUDY AIMS AT IDENTIFYING SELF MEDICATION PATTERN AMONG RURAL POPULATION AND VARIOUS FACTORS INFLUENCING IT LIKE OCCUPATION, HABITS, LITERACY RATE, EXTENT OF AWARENESS, SOURCE FOR DRUG INFORMATION ETC.......
An introduction to medication therapy managementKabito Kiwanuka
Pharmacists: An Untapped Resource: Pharmacists receive more training on the safe, effective and appropriate use of medications than any other healthcare professional
Strategies to improve adherence to antihypertensive medicationmagdy elmasry
Challenges in hypertension treatment.What is the definition of medication non-adherence?Who is at risk? How should
patients at risk be screened and identified?What are the negative impacts of non-adherence?What is the
practical approach for improving adherence? The ABC taxonomy for medication adherence
Adherence :3 quantifiable components: initiation , implementation , and discontinuationThe five dimensions
of non-adherence
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The document summarizes research on the benefits of clinical pharmacists participating as members of medical teams. Several studies found that including clinical pharmacists reduced mortality rates in hospitals and improved outcomes across disease states. Pharmacists improved medication management by addressing drug-related problems, which led to decreased mortality for conditions like heart attacks. Their interventions enhanced clinical outcomes for diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and other conditions. Effective implementation of these pharmacy services requires support from healthcare organizations and infrastructure support within facilities.
Analysis of cross-country changes in health services IDS
This presentation was given in a session at the Global Symposium on Health Systems Research which was organised by the Future Health Systems Consortium. The author is Toru Matsubayashi from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
Presentation on the literature review of interventions to improve health care...IDS
This presentation was given in a Future Health System Consortium organised session at the Global Symposium on Health Systems Research in November 2010. The author is Alex Rowe from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Pathways to Scaling up Health Services in Complex Adaptive SystemsIDS
This presentation by Ligia Paina & David Peters was given as part of a Future Health System Consortium session at the Global Symposium on Health Systems Research. It is part of our Beyond Scaling Up stream of work.
The Parliamentarians’ Perception of the Public Health Sector in Afghanistan IDS
This document summarizes a survey of Afghan parliamentarians on their perceptions of the public health sector. Key findings include:
- Most parliamentarians agreed that the quality and amount of health services have improved but disagreed that people are happy with services or know what the Ministry is doing.
- Top health problems were seen as child health, maternal health, and mental health.
- Resources should focus on both rural and urban areas.
- User fees should not be implemented in clinics or hospitals.
- The health sector budget should be increased from 10% actual to 19% recommended.
Institutional Analysis of the Ministry of Public Health at Central and Provin...IDS
The document summarizes the findings of an institutional analysis of the Ministry of Public Health in Afghanistan at the central and provincial levels. It identifies strengths and challenges in key stewardship functions like setting strategies, developing technical guidelines, coordination, budgeting, monitoring and evaluation. It provides recommendations to address gaps in policies, guidelines, capacity and resources to help the Ministry strengthen its stewardship role over the health sector.
Implementing Rapid Medical Security reform in China: Importance of a Learning...IDS
A presentation by Zhenzhong ZHANG and Yunping WANG of the China National Health Development Research Center. This was given at a Future Health Systems Consortium organised event at the Global Symposium on Health System Research.
This presentation was given by Zhenzhong ZHANG and Yunping WANG of the China National Health Development Research Center at the Global Symposium on Health System Research.
This presentation was given at the Global Symposium on Health System Research in November 2010. The authors are L P Singh, Olakunle Alonge, Anubhav Agarwal,
Kayhan Natiq, S D Gupta and David Peters.
What must be done to ehance capacity for health systems research?IDS
This presentation was written by Sara Bennett, Ligia Paina, Christine Kim, Irene Agyepong, Somsak Chunharas, Di McIntyre and Stefan Nachuk for the Global Symposium on Health Systems Research, November, 2010.
IMPROVING HEALTH SERVICE DELIVERY IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: FROM EVIDENCE TO ...IDS
This presentation was given by David Peters, Sameh El-Saharty, Banafsheh Siadat, Katja Janovsky, and Marko Vujicic at the Global Symposium on Health Systems Research, November 2010.
Pathways to scaling up health services Peters and PainaIDS
This document discusses scaling up health services in complex adaptive systems. It argues that health systems behave like complex adaptive systems, characterized by heterogeneous actors that interact in dynamic and unpredictable ways. Scaling up is therefore not a linear or controlled process. The document outlines several concepts from complexity science that are relevant to scaling up, such as feedback loops, emergent behavior, tipping points, and path dependence. It suggests using theories and methods from complexity science to better understand scaling up and facilitate decision making. Key lessons are that scaling up requires flexibility, recognizing local conditions, and developing sustainable institutions over the long term through learning-based approaches.
The document summarizes a program in Northern Nigeria aimed at improving health outcomes through strengthening governance and service delivery. It discusses the political and historical context, outlines the program's goals and theories of change, describes early successes like establishing an integrated local health system board, and concludes that achieving health system reform requires addressing both technical and political factors through multifaceted engagement strategies tailored to the local context.
Beyond scaling up Bloom at the Global SymposiumIDS
The document discusses pathways to universal access to health services. It addresses the challenges of rapidly scaling up health systems, including managing change in complex contexts and meeting the needs of the poor. It also discusses taking management systems to scale, spreading learning from pilots, public sector reform, innovation systems for health, and discontinuity and disruption in health services. The objectives of the document are to explore approaches that foster innovation, learning and impact at large scale while considering context, and to identify practical collaboration approaches between stakeholders to strengthen health systems for the poor.
This presentation was given at the 'Beyond Scaling Up: Pathways to Universal Access' workshop which was held at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton on the 24-25 May, 2010. This event was co-sponsored by the Future Health Systems Research Programme Consortium and the STEPS Centre. Mackintosh presented on supply chains.
Beyond Scaling Up: Universal Access to Effective Malaria Prevention and Treat...IDS
This document discusses strategies for achieving universal access to effective malaria prevention and treatment. It argues that a mixed model approach is needed, using both public and private sector engagement. For prevention, long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLINs) distributed through both mass campaigns and routine channels can rapidly increase and sustain high coverage levels. Price support for LLINs sold in the commercial sector can help increase access, competition, and market sustainability over the long term. The goal is for vulnerable groups to be protected through both public and private health services.
This presentation was given at the 'Beyond Scaling Up: Pathways to Universal Access' workshop which was held at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton on the 24-25 May, 2010. This event was co-sponsored by the Future Health Systems Research Programme Consortium and the STEPS Centre. Simmons presented on the work of ExpandNet.
Beyond Scaling Up: The role of social innovationIDS
The document discusses social innovation in healthcare systems in developing countries. It provides examples of social innovations, such as micro-insurance programs in Africa and conditional cash transfer programs in Mexico and Brazil. The document defines social innovation as better ways to manage people and information in healthcare systems. It also discusses how social innovation differs from technological innovation in being context-specific and involving knowledge translation. It raises questions about how to create an enabling policy environment and share lessons learned to support further social innovation.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptxAyeshaZaid1
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptxTina Purnat
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.
Travel vaccination in Manchester offers comprehensive immunization services for individuals planning international trips. Expert healthcare providers administer vaccines tailored to your destination, ensuring you stay protected against various diseases. Conveniently located clinics and flexible appointment options make it easy to get the necessary shots before your journey. Stay healthy and travel with confidence by getting vaccinated in Manchester. Visit us: www.nxhealthcare.co.uk
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a simplified look into the mechanisms involved in the regulation of respiration:
Learning objectives:
1. Describe the organisation of respiratory center
2. Describe the nervous control of inspiration and respiratory rhythm
3. Describe the functions of the dorsal and respiratory groups of neurons
4. Describe the influences of the Pneumotaxic and Apneustic centers
5. Explain the role of Hering-Breur inflation reflex in regulation of inspiration
6. Explain the role of central chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
7. Explain the role of peripheral chemoreceptors in regulation of respiration
8. Explain the regulation of respiration during exercise
9. Integrate the respiratory regulatory mechanisms
10. Describe the Cheyne-Stokes breathing
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 42, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 36, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 13, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
The skin is the largest organ and its health plays a vital role among the other sense organs. The skin concerns like acne breakout, psoriasis, or anything similar along the lines, finding a qualified and experienced dermatologist becomes paramount.
1. Case study: antibiotic use in rural China Dr Adrian Ely and Prof Chenggang Jin www.povill.com
2. Backward mapping: a ' simple ' research methodology ... 1. Start with regulatory perspectives on the problem … … how do regulators shape user practices? Regulatory worlds 2. Start with practices and perspectives of poor users … … how do their concerns diverge from regulatory perspectives? Poor users Antibiotics in China
3. Pneumonia-Unnecessary care -considerable burden Drug use Unnecessary cost (RMB yuan) 6 (2.60%) Needed 231 101 (43.72%) 124 (53.68%) Total Necessary Unnecessary 0.3 Min 40.52 Median 91.16 SD 540.8 74.12 124 Max Mean N